Accurate approximation of in-ecliptic trajectories for E-sail with constant pitch angle

Propellantless continuous-thrust propulsion systems, such as electric solar wind sails, may be successfully used for new space missions, especially those requiring high-energy orbit transfers. When the mass-to-thrust ratio is sufficiently large, the spacecraft trajectory is characterized by long flight times with a number of revolutions around the Sun. The corresponding mission analysis, especially when addressed within an optimal context, requires a significant amount of simulation effort. Analytical trajectories are therefore useful aids in a preliminary phase of mission design, even though exact solution are very difficult to obtain. The aim of this paper is to present an accurate, analytical, approximation of the spacecraft trajectory generated by an electric solar wind sail with a constant pitch angle, using the latest mathematical model of the thrust vector. Assuming a heliocentric circular parking orbit and a two-dimensional scenario, the simulation results show that the proposed equations are able to accurately describe the actual spacecraft trajectory for a long time interval when the propulsive acceleration magnitude is sufficiently small.     

Coupled thermal,structural and vibrational analysis of a hypersonic engine for flight test

This paper describes a relatively simple and quick method for implementing aerodynamic heating models into a finite element code for non-linear transient thermal-structural and thermal-structural-vibrational analyses of a Mach 10 generic HyShot scramjet engine. The thermal-structural-vibrational response of the engine was studied for the descent trajectory from 60 to 26 km. Aerodynamic heating fluxes, as a function of spatial position and time for varying trajectory points, were implemented in the transient heat analysis. Additionally, the combined effect of varying dynamic pressure and thermal loads with altitude was considered. This aero-thermal-structural analysis capability was used to assess the temperature distribution, engine geometry distortion and yielding of the structural material due to aerodynamic heating during the descent trajectory, and for optimising the wall thickness, nose radius of leading edge, etc. of the engine intake. A structural vibration analysis was also performed following the aero-thermal-structural analysis to determine the changes in natural frequencies of the structural vibration modes that occur at the various temperatures associated with the descent trajectory. This analysis provides a unique and relatively simple design strategy for predicting and mitigating the thermal-structural-vibrational response of hypersonic engines.     

室火轰燃的大涡模拟

采用一套修正的适用于低马赫数浮力流的N-S方程组来描述火灾场,运用Smagorinsky亚格子模型的大涡模拟方法对室内池火的轰燃发展过程进行了数值模拟,把模拟与实验结果进行了对比和分析。结果表明,该方法能较好地预测轰燃。同时模拟结果显示火焰区向房间后部偏转稍大,近壁处温度预测的误差大一些,随着亚格子模型的不断完善和计算能力的提高,用该技术来预测轰燃现象会更加准确。     

基于模型的转子系统不平衡量的估计

采用基于模型的方法对转子系统的不平衡量进行估计,首先记录初始状态下的振动信号,然后根据实时测得的不平衡响应信号,得出差值振动信号,联立转子系统的动力学方程,得出不平衡等效载荷,根据等效载荷,得出不平衡的位置、相位及大小.采用模态扩展技术实现由有限几个点的振动响应获取所需点上的响应.由于噪声的影响,提出了基于高斯小波的降噪方法.仿真与实验结果表明,这一方法能够比较准确地估计出转子系统的不平衡量.      

组合抽吸对大转角扩压叶栅性能的影响

实验研究了低速条件下在端壁和吸力面同时进行附面层吸除对某大转角扩压叶栅性能的影响.在叶片表面及端壁进行了墨迹流动显示,并对叶栅出口截面进行了测量.基于实验的抽吸槽布置方式:端壁吸气主要影响区域是吸力面角区;吸力面抽吸可以减小角区范围,延迟叶片吸力面附面层转捩,改善中径处流场;组合抽吸则优化了叶栅整体流场,使流动更加均一高效,由于削弱了端壁和吸力面附面层间的相互作用,组合抽吸在大吸气量下优于前两种吸气方式.      

一种基于知识推送的故障诊断系统

分析了基于知识的故障诊断,针对现有系统不能主动将知识在适当的时候传递给决策者的缺点,提出了一种基于知识管理的、以数据流驱动的、知识主动推送的故障诊断系统的体系结构,分析了其主要层次结构及知识的组织和管理,提出了以数据流驱动的知识主动推送方式.建立了知识主动推送的控制模型,开发了知识管理和数据流驱动的集成原型系统,并以液体火箭发动机试车台的故障诊断为例,实现了基于知识推送的故障诊断系统,后续实验证明了该方法的有效性.      

静压气体轴承气膜力及其与转子耦合动力学特性研究

针对静压气体轴承,进行三维实体建模,采用供气孔区域非结构化网格和非供气孔区域结构化网格相结合的网格划分方法;采用基于有限体积法的计算流体动力学(CFD)商业软件对三维稳态可压缩气体Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程进行求解;根据计算结果,通过数据拟合获得了考虑转子偏心和转速的静压气体轴承气膜支承力模型.基于有限元法建立了气体轴承-转子系统动力学模型,采用Newmark逐步积分法求解了系统的临界转速和不平衡响应.在此基础上进行实验测试,验证了数值仿真结果.研究结果表明:低速、小偏心下,气膜主支承力随偏心呈近似线性变化;高速、大偏心下,气膜主支承力急剧增大,气体轴承的动压效应显著增强;气膜x,y向耦合支承力随转速和偏心呈非线性变化;转子系统一、二阶临界转速对当前结构刚度变化比较敏感,而三阶临界转速对此不敏感.因此,气体轴承气膜支承力的非线性特性及其与转子耦合动力学特性较为复杂,在对气体轴承进行结构设计时,应充分考虑其与转子的耦合,合理设计工作转速范围.      

ICR循环燃气轮机的仿真研究

采用MATLAB和VC混合编程的方法,建立了不同循环燃气轮机的热力性能仿真模型,并利用该模型对比研究了压比、燃气初温、间冷度、回热度等参数对ICR(间冷-回热)循环比功和效率的影响.研究表明:在给定条件下,合理匹配压比、燃气初温、间冷度和回热度等参数,可使ICR循环的比功和效率均达到最大;与单循环相比,ICR循环的比功...     

面向对象的先进循环燃气轮机工质热物性计算方法

先进循环是燃气轮机发展的重要方向,1套通用先进循环工质热物性计算方法对先进循环研究具有重要意义.以工质最为复杂的化学回热循环为例,建立了1套通用的工质热物性计算方法,并论证了该方法也适用于其他先进循环.基于面向对象方法建立了1套计算系统并采用C＋＋语言编制其计算程序,验证了空气和水蒸气的热物性计算精度,最大误差为0.00852％.采用该热物性计算方法计算了1个化学回热循环的热力过程;在给定的条件下其效率比简单循环效率提升32％,达到47.32％.结果表明：所提出的热物性计算方法计算准确,通用性强,为先进循环研究提供了基础.     

静叶片时序效应对压气机叶片非定常气动负荷的影响

采用数值方法对两级低速压气机中径处的流场进行非定常模拟。研究第二排静叶在两个典型周向位置上的叶片气动负荷,分析各列叶栅气动负荷的非定常波动以及静叶时序效应对叶栅气动负荷的影响。对各列叶栅的非定常气动力和气动力矩进行频谱分析,探讨叶列间的非定常气动干扰。结果表明,时序效应对静叶片气动负荷的影响明显高于动叶片的。时序效应能够提高压气机的性能与叶片寿命.