高超声速伸缩式变形飞行器再入制导方法

针对高超声速变形飞行器再入制导问题,提出了一种采用伸缩式机翼的高超声速变形飞行器外形方案,建立了含有展长变形量的气动模型和动力学模型。将该变形飞行器的展长变形量扩展为控制变量,分析了倾侧角、展长变形量和终端航程、高度之间的关系。在此基础上,利用倾侧角和展长变形量在线预测剩余航程和终端高度,通过数值方法校正2个控制量以满足航程约束和高度约束,通过航向角走廊确定倾侧角符号。仿真结果表明:该变形飞行器再入制导方法制导精度高,相比于传统固定外形飞行器终端约束能力更强、轨迹更加平滑,且在扰动条件下具有一定鲁棒性。      

关于加强高校网络思想政治教育的理论探讨

网络信息技术的快速发展,为高校思想政治工作提供了新的手段,极大地拓展了思想政治工作的空间和渠道。思想政治教育工作者有必要深入研究学生思想活动的新情况、新特点,充分发挥网络信息技术的优势,创新思想政治工作的方法、形式和手段,进而完善高校思想政治工作体制。     

多重网格法求解二元跨音速欧拉流

 近年来,采用时间相关欧拉方程或N-S方程求解跨音速流得到了迅速发展。为了获得二元或三元复杂形体正确的表面气动参数和足够高分辨率的流场物理特性,必须采用十分细密的网格,因而导致计算时间成倍增长。为此,除继续发展各种差分格式,探讨各种自适应网格技术外,运用多重网格技术加速收敛过程得到了国外普遍关注并取得了一定的成功。国内也已有采用多重网格法解跨音速欧拉流的文章,然而均局限于两重网格的计算。为探索多重网格法和焓阻尼技术对加速收敛的作用,我们以NACA0012翼型的跨音速流动为例,采用MacCormack两步显式格式进行了数值实验。     

Numerical investigation of the impact of asymmetric fuel injection on shock train characteristics

Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the impact of asymmetric fuel injection on shock train characteristics using the commercial-code FLUENT. The asymmetry of fuel injection is examined by changing the fuel flow rates of the upper and lower wall fuel injectors. The numerical approach solves the two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations, supplemented with a k-ω model of turbulence. As a result, different ways of fuel injections will always lead to shock train transitions, with the variations of shock train structure, strength and leading edge position. For symmetric fuel injection, the flowfield of the isolator is quite asymmetric with the boundary layer of the upper wall side developing much stronger than that of the lower wall, which is due to the heterogeneity of the incoming flow. Regarding to asymmetric fuel injection with more of lower wall side, though the pressures in the combustor are nearly the same, the first shock of the shock train converts between ‘Distinct symmetric X type shock’ and ‘Obscure and weaker asymmetric shock’ and the shock train leading edge moves upstream with the increase of the asymmetry level. With regard to asymmetric fuel injection with more of upper wall side, ‘incomplete asymmetric X type shock’ occurs and the shock train structures keep nearly the same with low level of fuel injection asymmetry. Unexpected results like unstart will happen when increasing the level of fuel injection asymmetry. And the isolator will come back to normal state by decreasing the differential of upper and lower wall sides fuel injections.     

Experimental study of a flush wall scramjet combustor equipped with strut/wall fuel injection

In this study a flush wall scramjet combustor is tested in a supersonic incoming air flow with the Mach number of 3 which is generated by an air vitiation heater producing the stagnation temperature of 1505 K. Using liquid kerosene as the fuel, the flame is stabilized by means of a centrally mounted O₂ pilot strut after being ignited by a plasma torch. During experimental measurements, the fuel is injected with a constant equivalence ratio of 0.8 according to specified strut/wall injection ratios, i.e., a portion of the fuel amount is injected from the strut while the rest is injected from the wall. The strut and wall injectors are arranged at the same axial position. The combustion performance and wall temperature gradients are evaluated with various fuel feeding ratios between the wall and the strut. Experimental results show, when the equivalence ratio is constant and the axial injection position is fixed, the combustion characteristics vary significantly with the strut/wall fuel feeding ratio, especially when this ratio is close to its lowest and highest limits. Among the four fuel feeding ratios examined, the strut only injection mode and the average distributed strut/wall injection mode show the best combustion performance. However, the strut/wall injection mode produces a smaller wall temperature gradient compared to the strut only injection mode, which is due to the significant film cooling effect caused by the wall injected liquid kerosene.     

求解结构可靠度的直接积分方法

针对一类极限状态函数为随机变量的和差积商的有理函数形式,提出了求解结构可靠度的直接积分方法。给出了一些基本函数的概率密度函数。通过定义中间变量将这类特殊的极限状态函数转化为基本函数的函数,进而求出中间变量的概率密度函数,最终求出极限状态函数的概率密度函数.用积分的方法求出结构可靠度。该方法不用考虑随机变量服从何种概率分布,且计算结果为精确解。     

单音干扰下扩频测控信号伪码跟踪性能研究

扩频测控信号的伪码跟踪性能直接关系到测控系统的测距精度。以伪码跟踪环中鉴相曲线平衡点的过零偏移为研究对象,推导了音频干扰条件下扩频测控信号伪码跟踪的干扰最大误差;并针对干扰最大误差需考虑具体鉴相算法的特点,提出基于相关曲线主瓣的二阶中心矩扩展因子的性能评价方法。该方法利用伪码相关曲线主瓣在干扰前后的畸变情况,反映干扰对伪码跟踪性能的影响。仿真分析表明,干扰最大误差的理论及仿真结果和二阶中心矩扩展因子所得结论一致,从而验证了干扰最大误差理论的正确性以及所提性能指标的有效性。     

三线阵相机视轴夹角及线阵平行性装调测试

随着对实时立体测绘图像的需求,相机探测器由胶片向CCD发展。为了保证三线阵测绘相机的测绘精度,文章对三线阵测绘相机的视轴夹角及线阵平行性的装调检测进行了研究,针对测试指标提出了新的装调测试方案,并对方案中的关键技术进行了阐述。实际装调检测结果表明,该方案能够满足多相机间夹角测试精度优于5″,CCD线阵不平行度测试精度优于15″的要求。可以满足三线阵测绘相机空间位置的装调测试,具有实际应用价值。     

基于多级维纳滤波器的树型WSN分布式线性约束最小方差波束形成方法

为减少树型无线传感器网络(Wireless sensor network,WSN)中分布式线性约束最小方差(Linearly constrained minimum variance,LCMV)波束形成器的计算量,将多级分解技术用于WSN分布式波束形成技术中,提出基于多级维纳滤波器(Multistage Wiener filter,MSWF)的分布式LCMV波束形成器方法。该方法通过有效引入MSWF技术避免本地协方差矩阵估计及求逆运算,能以更少的计算量获得分布式LCMV波束形成器相同的输出性能,说明新方法继承了MSWF和分布式LCMV波束形成器的优点。计算机仿真结果验证了算法的优良性能。     

空气节流对煤油燃料超燃燃烧室燃烧性能影响

采用非定常数值模拟方法研究了空气节流对煤油燃料超燃冲压发动机燃烧性能的影响,并研究了节流流量和节流撤去时间对节流效果的影响。在发动机入口马赫数2.0、静温656.5K、静压0.125MPa的条件下,无空气节流时发动机下壁面稳焰失败,壁面压力较低;有空气节流时发动机下壁面燃料稳定燃烧,壁面压力较高。空气节流可以有效地提高发动机的推力性能,可以改变发动机的燃烧模态。随着节流流量和节流撤去时间的增加,燃烧越来越剧烈,壁面压力逐渐升高,可能影响进气道的起动。节流可能促使流场产生振荡现象,通过改变节流流量也可以消除振荡现象。