外加磁场对脉冲等离子体推力器性能的影响

为了研究外加磁场对PPT性能的影响,建立了PPT带外加磁场的机电模型,并用三种不同放电能量水平的PPT验证了该模型的可靠性。利用该模型研究了外加磁场强度、模式、位置以及长度对PPT性能的影响。结果表明,对于尾部馈送型PPT,当外加磁场增加时,PPT性能先增加后减小,存在最优的外加磁场强度。对于LES-6 PPT和LES-8/9 PPT,外加磁场从极板的最左端开始施加效果最好;当外加磁场强度分别为0.25T,0.50T,0.75T,1.00T时,这两种PPT对应的最适合施加磁场长度分别是1.3mm,1.8mm,2.1mm,2.3mm和1.6mm,2.8mm,3.4mm,3.7mm。对于TMU PPT,外加磁场从极板的最右端开始施加效果最好,但是施加磁场长度应该根据具体实验结果并结合仿真计算来决定。     

OBE理念下《大学英语》课程思政的路径探索与实践

课程思政作为一种新的教学观,将"立德树人"作为教育的根本任务,各类课程与思想政治理论课同向同行,形成协同效应。大学英语课程思政的建设越来越受到高校教师的重视,但是依然存在着生硬结合,内容零散等问题。本文依据工程认证的OBE教育理念的内涵,结合大学英语的培养目标,尝试构建OBE理念下大学英语课程思政的创新路径,从教学目标、教学内容、教学方式和教学评价四个维度提出建议,为高校英语课程的思政教育提供新思路。     

Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.     

采用改进的CE/SE方法模拟方管中氢氧爆轰波的稳定传播结构

采用改进的时空守恒元/解元（CE/SE）格式和新型二步化学反应模型，对小扰动情况下方管通道中的氢氧气相爆轰传播过程进行了数值模拟，对不同截面尺寸和两种扰动模式下的爆轰波三波线结构进行了详细计算和分析。数值模拟花费了相对较少的计算代价，清晰地得到了方形截面通道中3种相对稳定的爆轰波传播结构，即直角模式、对角模式和螺旋模式。随着截面尺寸的减小，爆轰波胞格图样与波阵面结构随之产生适应性的变形，乃至出现胞格数目的减少和部分三波线的消失；最终，直角模式和对角模式都会转化为顺时针或逆时针的螺旋模式；临界尺寸下，得到了转换过程中新的过渡结构和压力脉冲振幅的变化，并以此初步讨论了直角和对角传播模式的稳定性。     

基于序列趋势和集合距离的UAV态势相似性度量方法

在无人机（UAV）自主作战与智能决策的过程中，无人机获取的新态势与历史态势的相似性度量是态势评估与作战决策的重要环节，而现有的相似性度量方法主要处理离散时刻态势，采用的欧式距离等方法对数据敏感，不符合作战态势特性，且处理效率低下，针对该问题，提出基于序列趋势和集合距离的UAV态势相似性度量方法。该方法首先选取UAV作战态势要素并以时间序列形式表征数据；然后，使用经验模态分解方法提取历史态势与新态势的序列趋势以度量序列趋势的相似性；最后，对趋势相似的每条态势序列进行自组织映射聚类，得到若干聚类中心构成集合，利用最优子模式分配距离度量集合间的距离，提取集合距离较小的部分获得与新态势相似的历史经验态势。通过公用数据集的分类效果比对实验以及作战仿真态势的相似性度量实验，表明该方法能够有效度量两序列之间的相似性程度，度量效果好，分类实验中分类精度较传统方法最高提高18%，且方法简便，具有一定的实用价值。     

基于多特征融合的航天器锂电池健康评估技术

传统的航天器蓄电池可靠性试验按照最大放电深度进行定额充放电，所构建的失效模型用于支撑航天器总体可靠性设计，不能用于在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估任务；航天器在蓄电池遥测的采样率、精度、样本量方面无法与民用领域相比，基于高采样、大样本的民用蓄电池健康估计方法也不适用于在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估。针对该问题，从在轨航天器蓄电池数据特性出发，挖掘在轨状态下所能提取的退化特征，并采用多特征综合评价方法，设计了一种基于多特征融合的在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估方法，实现了在轨蓄电池放电内阻、同放电深度下的终端电压、恒压充电时间3项退化特征融合的健康量化评估，应用于某型号卫星的在轨监测与健康评估，具有良好的工程实用性，可作为国内航天器健康评估技术的参考。     

测控装备机内测试设备计量校准技术研究

研究测控装备机内测试设备计量校准方法，获取机内测试设备技术状态的准确信息，是确保测控装备量值准确可靠的基础。以系统理论为指导，研究测控装备机内测试设备的工作运行机理和计量校准方法，选取某型测控装备，分析其技术要求、确定校准点、校准接口和校准设备，明确计量校准项目和参数，对提出的测控装备机内测试设备计量校准方法进行实验验证，为今后开展机内测试设备计量校准提供了方法和依据。     

Assessing ecohydrological factors variations and their relationships at different spatio-temporal scales in semiarid area,northwestern China

As a typical semiarid farming-pastoral ecotone sensitive to the environmennt, the Plain of West Liaohe Basin (WLBP) is currently experiencing drastic environmental changes. To identify how environmental change affect vegetation in the WLBP, we analysed spatiotemporal variation characteristics of Ecological environment factors based on monthly and annual air temperature (T), precipitation (P) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1982 to 2015. And the correlations between them were investigated by correlation analysis (Simple correlation, partial correlation and complex correlation) at temporal and spatial scale. The results showed that: (1) the vegetation growth of the WLBP showed ameliorated trend, with a change rate of 0.004/yr.; (2) P was more sensitive to NDVI than T; (3) and the influence of hydrothermal changes on vegetation growth was more significant than that of the change of single climate factors at time scales; (4) the effects of anthropogenic factors on vegetation change were 75.07% (1982–1993) and 98.08% (1994–2015), respectively. At the temp-special scales, P&T and land use type change (LUCC) were the main climatic and anthropogenic factors that affect vegetation changes, respectively.     

基于相关滤波器的嵌入式动态目标跟踪系统设计

针对空间非合作运动目标监控，提出了一种基于嵌入式技术的动态目标实时检测与跟踪方法，并完成了跟踪系统的研制设计和测试。该视觉目标跟踪系统以嵌入式处理器为控制器，通过相机模组获取实时视频图像，图像经过视觉检测与跟踪算法程序分析，得到目标的位置信息后，控制伺服运动系统调整相机姿态实现对动态目标跟踪。提出了基于相关滤波原理的跟踪算法，搭建了树莓派嵌入式测试系统，完成实时检测与跟踪的实验评估。实验结果表明，嵌入式处理器中检测与跟踪程序的平均运行帧率达到25FPS，伺服机构在水平360°和俯仰±60°范围内实现了对移动速度90°/s的目标的实时、稳定监控与跟踪。