火星磁层顶形成和变化的理论研究

考虑太阳风动压与行星电离层中的带电粒子热压及磁压之和平衡，建立了有大气（电离层）的行星磁层顶形成的理论模型，结合卫星对火星的观测数据，对子午面内向日侧火星磁层顶位形进行了数值计算和分析，研究了火星磁层顶位形及其与太阳风动压之间的变化关系．结果认为，火星磁层顶位形与地球磁层顶相似．太阳风动压越大，火星磁层顶越靠近火星；太阳风动压越弱，火星磁层顶越远离火星．根据火星内秉磁矩从古到今逐渐减小的观点，探索了大尺度磁场（内禀磁矩）对火星磁层顶的贡献作用，结果认为大尺度磁场越强，火星磁层顶越远离行星．这对于进一步研究火星磁层的长期演化以及其他行星磁层的位形变化都具有重要的意义．     

Automatic differentiation based discrete adjoint method for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes

A systematic methodology for formulating, implementing, solving and verifying discrete adjoint of the compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes is proposed. First, a general adjoint formulation is con-structed for the entire optimization problem, including parameterization, mesh deformation, flow solution and computation of the objective function, which is followed by detailed formulations of matrix-vector products arising in the adjoint model. According to this formulation, procedural components of implementing the required matrix-vector products are generated by means of auto-matic differentiation (AD) in a structured and modular manner. Furthermore, a duality-preserving iterative algorithm is employed to solve flow adjoint equations arising in the adjoint model, ensur-ing identical convergence rates for the tangent and the adjoint models. A three-step strategy is adopted to verify the adjoint computation. The proposed method has several remarkable features:the use of AD techniques avoids tedious and error-prone manual derivation and programming;duality is strictly preserved so that consistent and highly accurate discrete sensitivities can be obtained; and comparable efficiency to hand-coded implementation can be achieved. Upon the cur-rent discrete adjoint method, a gradient-based optimization framework has been developed and applied to a drag reduction problem.     

Relay selection in cooperative communication systems over continuous time-varying fading channel

In this paper, we study relay selection under outdated channel state information (CSI) in a decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative system. Unlike previous researches on cooperative commu-nication under outdated CSI, we consider that the channel varies continuously over time, i.e., the channel not only changes between relay selection and data transmission but also changes during data transmission. Thus the level of accuracy of the CSI used in relay selection degrades with data transmission. We first evaluate the packet error rate (PER) of the cooperative system under contin-uous time-varying fading channel, and find that the PER performance deteriorates more seriously under continuous time-varying fading channel than when the channel is assumed to be constant during data transmission. Then, we propose a repeated relay selection (RRS) strategy to improve the PER performance, in which the forwarded data is divided into multiple segments and relay is reselected before the transmission of each segment based on the updated CSI. Finally, we propose a combined relay selection (CRS) strategy which takes advantage of three different relay selection strategies to further mitigate the impact of outdated CSI.     

基于纳米吸能流体的火工点式分离装置缓冲技术研究

运载火箭火工点式分离装置工作时具有强冲击载荷特性，为有效降低冲击峰值，提出了一种基于纳米吸能流体结构的冲击缓冲技术。首先进行纳米吸能流体的吸能原理研究，建立其本构关系，揭示影响其吸能密度的主要因素；其次开展火工装置有限空间内的纳米吸能流体缓冲结构设计；最后通过有限元仿真与试验验证其缓冲性能。试验结果表明，本文设计的基于纳米吸能流体的缓冲结构，吸能密度高达122.8 J/g，冲击力峰值较空载条件下降了59.2%，冲击加速度峰值下降了63.4%。     

基于负载惯量匹配的双电机同步控制方法

在交流伺服系统运动控制领域,针对双电机同步精确控制时由于两轴负载惯量相差较大、额定运行速度快、到位精度要求高等控制难点,提出了简单且有效的同步控制方法,并在试验中进行了验证。该方法包括对同步控制方式的设计和误差补偿算法2个部分。首先,设计使用基于虚拟主轴的主从控制方式,可实现惯量匹配的同步指令输出；在此基础上,从负载特性入手,提出了基于加权耦合的误差补偿方法,能实现快速稳定的同步误差补偿。仿真与试验结果表明,该方法能够满足伺服运动系统的定位精度和同步控制精度要求,同时在一定程度上提升了系统的平稳性和补偿响应速度,工程实现效果较好。     

雄安新区人才队伍建设思考

人才是实现民族振兴、赢得国际竞争优势的战略资源,雄安新区建设发展离不开人才的重要支撑。本文以雄安新区人才队伍建设为研究对象,剖析这一研究的意义和现状,探究雄安新区人才队伍建设存在的问题,最后提出解决这一问题的建议。     

模因论视野下的民航无线电陆空通话研究

如何发挥模因论在语言学和语用学领域中的积极作用,是一个值得探讨的新话题.本文从对模因的定义及特点出发探索语言模因的思维运作方式.针对民航无线电陆空通话的特点,探讨模因的复制与模仿如何促进民航无线电陆空通话教学工作的开展.     

制样压应力对显微拉曼光谱法获取碳材料结构参数的影响

为了研究金相制样过程中压应力对获取碳材料拉曼特征参数R的影响,对不同温度处理的碳纤维和树脂碳进行了研究.结果表明,制样过程中的压应力对准确获取碳材料的拉曼特征参数具有一定的影响,尤其是对经过高温处理硬度较小的碳材料的影响更大,造成了碳材料R的增大.建议在制备碳材料的显微拉曼光谱测试试样时采用较小的压应力.