84英寸推进剂药筒与药柱 第一卷 技术讨论

1.0 绪言先进洲际导弹的设计要求使用比现用导弹系统发动机性能更高的固体火箭发动机。这些高性能的发动机将(1)采用高固体含量的先进推进剂,(2)有较高的火焰温度和(3)在相当高的燃烧室压力下工作。因此,先进发动机的喷管和推力向量控制部件所面临的环境将远比现有系统要恶劣得多。为了正确地评价这些先进设计的性能,必须对这些部件在相当苛刻的工作条件下进行大量的鉴定试验,以便模拟实际应用的情况。为此,空军火箭推进实验室(AFRPL)终于研制了     

MX导弹第三级样机评价

本文评述赫克力斯公司正在为空军研制的MX导弹第三级的设计。第三级固体发动机的许多部件和材料都选用了最新的技术。这些新技术包括:带有碳复合材料裙的凯夫拉49发动机壳体;二维和三维碳/碳复合材料的轻型喷管;硝酸酯增塑的聚醚推进剂(NEPE),这种推进剂比冲高、延伸率大;以及两节套筒式可延伸出口锥(EEC)。这些新技术的应用提高了整个发动机的性能。本文对第三级的设计及其主要部件都作了概要介绍。为了说明MX第三级的设计是切实可行的,还将MX第三级各部件设计与以前研制的发动机作了比较。     

固体推进剂中裂纹扩展的一条新定律

确定控制推进剂中裂纹扩展的Paris定律,给出了应力强度因子和裂纹扩展速率之间的幂律关系。但是,这对正确表达粘弹材料中裂纹扩展不尽合适。利用线性累积破坏理论和破坏区的概念,我们给出如下修正定律 da/dt aT=Aα/t_m式中α是达到最大应力σ_m时裂纹前端区域的长度,t_m是与单向拉伸试验中的最大应力相应的时间。就单边预裂试样的拉伸试验而言,本定律可使其结果的分散大大减小,研究中采用CTPB和聚氨酯推进剂。     

一种新的水平搜索共用孔径雷达方案

主要探讨舰船防御的水平搜索问题。该提议要求把阵列安置在船甲板上，通过在位于高桅杆上的多个轻型频率选择表面（FSS）使产生的功率射向水平方向，接收阵列由工作在3：1频率范围内布了宽带天线阵元的圆形阵组成，发射阵列是一种线性阵元阵列，各阵元后面是大功率微波功率模块（MPM），该方案满足水平搜索要求。     

Microscope in orbit calibration procedure for a test of the equivalence principle at 10(-15)

The scientific objectives of the MICROSCOPE space mission impose a very fine calibration of the on-board accelerometers. However the required performance cannot be achieved on ground because of the presence of high disturbing sources. On-board the CHAMP satellite, accelerometers similar in the concept to the MICROSCOPE instrument, have already flown and analysis of the provided data then allowed to characterise the vibration environment at low altitude as well as the fluctuation of the drag. The requirements of the in-orbit calibration procedure for the MICROSCOPE instrument are demonstrated by modelling the expected applied acceleration signals with the developed analytic model of the mission. The proposed approach exploits the drag-free system of the satellite and the sensitivity of the accelerometers. A specific simulator of the attitude control system of the satellite has been developed and tests of the proposed solution are performed using nominal conditions or disturbing conditions as observed during the CHAMP mission.     

Body orientation and center of mass control in microgravity

The control of the body orientation and the center of mass position with respect to the feet was investigated under normo- and microgravity (space flight Altair), during erect posture and at the end of a forward or backward upper trunk movement.

It was observed that during erect posture, the trunk orientation with respect to the vertical was inclined some 6 ° forward in both subjects under microgravity, whereas it was vertical or slightly backward oriented under normogravity. Under microgravity, on the contrary, the initial position CM changed either backwards or forwards. This result suggests that the inclined trunk posture might be due to misevaluating the vertically under microgravity and that different control mechanisms are involved in orienting the trunk and placing the CM.

It was also noted that the final position of the CM at the end of the movement did not differ markedly between microgravity and normogravity. This result suggests that the kinematic synergies which stabilize the CM during uppertrunk movements may result from an automatic central control which is independent from the gravity constraints.     

EURONAV~(TM)—现代化军用GPS接收机

Magnavox 公司已研制了两通道和五通道 EURONAV~(TM)GPS军用接收机,这两型接收机除了提供基本的 GPS 导航功能外,还具有许多特点。这两种接收机提供高性能,选择可用性(SA)/抗电子欺骗,高抗干扰的 GPS 能力,在设计中运用了 Magnavox 公司20年来在设计和制造军用 GPS 方面的经验。使用先进的元器件,Magnavox 已能把五通道 GPS 接收机的尺寸从 GPS 第二阶段经过鉴定的3/4ATR 降到3/8ATR,重量和功耗也相应降低。且满足中、高动态飞机 SS-US-200指标要求。EURONAV~(TM)接收机有与多种主飞行器兼容的接口,这些接收机提供下列接口:精密时间、输出高精度测时数据的时间间隔接口;Haveguick;MIL-STD-1553B;用于连接惯导和数字飞行仪器的双通道低或高速 ARINC429;用于控制显示或用作扩口的 RS-422串行接口;供测试设备(ICD-GPS-204A)用的另一个 RS-422串行接口和用于辅助 GPS 的高度表(AAU-32)输入(接口)。EURONAV~(TM)接收机的标准部件包括安全模块、接收机自动初始化的低功率时间源、电池供电的不掉电 RAM、航路点存贮器、ARINC 或电路接头以及不需要修改硬件或软件就可适用于多种平台的带有选择开关的分立结构。     

The search for companions to Epsilon Eridani

The authors review efforts to examine the star Epsilon Eridani and determine the possibility for the existence of an Earth-like planet. Early data indicated that there must be a habitable ecosphere about 82.5 million Km from the primary. Research into the existence of another planetary system determined that Epsilon Eridani was a binary star with an Oort cloud system, indicating the possibility of planet formation. A review of the evidence suggests that the presence of the small red Dwarf companion star precludes the existence of a planetary system surrounding Epsilon Eridani. It is suggested that observations continue to provide further data about the formation of binary systems.     

企业信息化术语

1 DSS（Decision Support System,决策支持系统）——是围绕着决策行动主体进行的支持管理人员进行非程序性决策的一种信息系统。决策支持系统具有如下三个特征：（1）以处理非程序性决策为主；（2）是对管理人员决策的支持而不是代替；（3）系统本身要求具有灵活性，采用联机对话方式，以便利用人的经验和系统提供可供分析的信息来解决问题。目前的DSS一般由一个数据库、一个模型库以及复杂的软件系统构成。2 ESS（Executive Support System,高层主管支持系统）——是综合了各种信息报告系统和决策支持系统的特色而构成的一种专为组…     

2001年航天工艺信息网征文通知

根据2001年3月9日航天工艺信息网网长、在京副网长、联络员工作会议精神，拟定于2001年下半年召开2001年航天工艺学术交流会(具体时间、地点另行通知)。交流会将以崭新的面貌供航天科技人员交流经验、切磋技艺，无疑会对促进和提高航天工艺技术、活跃学术气氛起到积极作用。希望各网员单位和广大科技人员积极投稿，踊跃参加。有关事项通知如下。一、征文内容1．综述航天工艺技术的成就、问题、前景等。2．航天新工艺、新技术、新材料的国外应用情况及其展望。3．精密铸造、焊接、热处理、化铣、超塑成型等特种工艺技术的应用与发展。4．复合…