外挂武器对无人直升机纵向气动特性影响研究

针对外挂武器对无人直升机纵向气动特性影响的问题,采用雷诺时均Navier-Stokes(Reynolds average Navier-Stokes,RANS)方法对加装武器系统前后,不同前飞速度、武器安装角和挂载状态下的气动特性进行了数值计算。然后将大速度前飞状态时的气动特性与加装外挂武器之前的风洞试验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,采用悬臂梁外挂方式加装武器对阻力有显著影响,前飞速度和武器发射安装角变化对纵向气动特性几乎没有影响。外挂武器安装位置和数量变化对无人直升机的纵向气动特性影响很小。研究结果可为武装无人直升机选择合适的武器外挂和发射方式提供参考。     

Postcapture stabilization of space robots considering actuator failures with bounded torques

Space robotics is regarded as one of the most impressing approaches for space debris removal missions. Due to the residual momentum of debris, it is essential to stabilize the base rapidly after capture. This paper presents a novel control strategy for stabilization of a space robot in postcapture considering actuator failures and bounded torques. In the control strategy, the motion of the manipulator is not regarded as a disturbance to the base; in contrast, it is utilized to compensate for the limitation of the control torques by means of an inverse dynamical model of the system. Different scenarios where actuators are external mechanisms or momentum exchange devices have been carried out, and for actuator failures, both single- and two-actuator failures have been considered. Regarding to the performance of actuators, control torques are bounded. In cases that either single or two actuators have failed, the base can be stabilized kinematically when actuators are external mechanisms, but can only be stabilized dynamically when only momentum exchange devices are used. Finally, a space robot with a seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator in postcapture is studied to verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed control scheme. Simulation results show that the whole system can be stabilized rapidly.     

严防通话失误确保航空安全

重点讨论了如何防止空地通话失误，确保飞行安全。分三个问题进行研究：１、因空地通话失误造成的特别重大飞行事故；２、当前中国民航空地通话存在的问题；３、空地通话语言一定要标准化。     

金属材料晶粒大小测量方法的研究

主要研究了奥氏体不锈钢１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ５ＴｉＡ、高温合金ＧＨ１３２和钛合金ＴＣ４等金属材料的晶粒大小测量方法，除用传统的金相方法外，主要探讨了无损检测技术（超声、衰减等）应用于晶粒大小的测量，试验结果表明：无损检测技术测量金属材料的晶粒大小具有直接性和非破坏性，该方法具有实用价值。     

修正Rodrigues参数在飞行器定姿中的应用(英文)

There are two attitude estimation algorithms based on the different representations of attitude errors when modified Rodrigues parameters are applied to attitude estimation. The first is multiplicative error attitude estimator （MEAE）, whose attitude error is expressed by the modified Rodrigues parameters representing the rotation from the estimated to the true attitude. The second is subtractive error attitude estimator （SEAE）, whose attitude error is expressed by the arithmetic difference between the true and the estimated attitudes. It is proved that the two algorithms are equivalent in the case of small attitude errors. It is possible to describe rotation without encountering singularity by switching between the modified Rodrigues parameters and their shadow parameters. The attitude parameter switching does not bring disturbance to MEAE, but it does to SEAE. This article introduces a modification to eliminate the disturbance on SEAE, and simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the presented algorithm.     

宽带变负载阻抗匹配网络的设计研究

某坦克电台采用螺旋天线以缩短天线的几何尺寸，提高安全性。由于该天线的输入阻抗随频率而变化，需要用一个宽带变负载阻抗匹配网络来实现天线与电台之间的匹配。首先从理论上分析论证了实现具有最平坦频率特性的变负载阻抗匹配网络的可能性。然后，根据实际要求进行了计算机辅助工程设计，并给出了相应的设计和仿真结果。     

固体药柱燃烧断裂边界一维流场特性

以发动机燃烧室增压为条件,详细模拟了固体药柱燃烧断裂边界一维流场的特性。高温燃气在燃烧室增压驱动下注入药柱裂纹,在裂纹内形成压力波和火焰锋的传播过程。压力波前和封闭的裂纹顶端会产生拍击作用,使得裂纹顶端的压力迅速增加,进而在燃烧室增压率增大的方向上,裂纹顶端相继出现火焰减速传播、压力突升、超前点火和火焰加速传播等现象。这就找到了国内外学者在一维假设下发现的各现象之间的内在联系,并描述了四种不同的火焰传播曲线。     

旋翼表面非定常压力脉动计算的三维自由尾迹非定常面元法

利用最新发展的高分辨率三维自由尾迹非定常面元方法计算多叶片直升机旋翼的三维非定常气动力，将风洞实验数据与旋翼在悬停和出现严重桨涡干扰的低速前飞下滑状态下的计算结果进行了比较，在悬停时，还与欧拉方法的结果进行了比较，本方法与欧拉方法的结果以及风洞实验结果都吻合很好。     

热固性树脂基复合材料固化变形研究进展

热固性树脂基复合材料结构在热压罐成型过程中,由于模具的约束作用,会导致工件内部残余应力的产生,进而引起工件回弹变形和翘曲变形.对影响残余应力和变形产生的各种因素进行了综述及分析,这些因素包括热膨胀、固化收缩、铺层方式、固化温度、模具热膨胀、气孔含量、热梯度分布、纤维含量梯度分布、降温速率、固化时间、纤维含量、模具表面处理、模具角半径和模具热传导性能.     

高超声速进气道内激波－边界层干扰研究

为了研究高超声速进气道内激波干扰和流场结构，对一个二维进气道模型在中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速所风洞流场中进行了实验（Ｍ＿∞＝５．０，Ｒｅ＿∞＝７．５×１０￣６ｍ￣（－１））。采用纹影方法，结合压力测量对进气道内流结构进行诊断，同时用Ｙｅｅ的ＴＶＤ有限差分格式通过求解二维Ｎ─Ｓ方程对相应实验状态下的进气道内流场进行了数值模拟。风洞实验与数值模拟取得了较好的一致。进一步的分析还表明高超声速进气道内的激波─边界层干扰对进气道性能有很大的影响。