可压缩多介质流动问题的高精度数值模拟方法

在可压缩流动问题的数值模拟领域,激波的高分辨率计算已取得重要进展。但是包含物质界面的可压缩多介质流动的数值模拟还存在诸多数值挑战,主要表现为界面处数值耗散过大和非物理振荡等问题。界面处流体性质的不连续性是造成可压缩多介质流动问题物理建模与数值方法困难的主要原因。为了建立一套高效的可压缩多介质流动问题的高精度数值模拟方案,本文从数值框架的选择、非守恒方程相容离散、高精度有界格式构造、界面压缩、界面-单介质分区计算方法等多个维度出发,综述近几年我们在可压缩多介质流动问题高精度数值模拟方法方面的研究进展。通过上述多个维度的工作,我们建立了一套适用于可压缩多介质流动问题的低耗散、基本无数值振荡的高精度欧拉数值方法,并成功应用于可压缩多介质大变形流动和界面不稳定性诱导湍流混合等问题的数值模拟。相关数值方法研究成果已集成至武器物理等领域工程数值模拟软件中,为相关工程任务提供了重要技术支撑。     

基于HHT的航空直流串行电弧特征提取方法

由于飞机内部布线空间有限、电弧故障存在发生时间地点随机以及特征不明显等问题，导致检测困难。本文基于航空270 V高压直流（HVDC）系统开展直流串行电弧故障特征提取方法研究，采用希尔伯特黄变换（HHT）提取电弧电流交流分量的时域和频域特征量。选择HHT的固有模态函数IMF5瞬时幅值的峰峰值和标准差作为识别电弧故障的时域特征，与原始信号中提取的时域特征量对比，正常和电弧特征量的区分度更大；选择HHT的固有模态函数IMF1+IMF2、一定频带范围内的瞬时幅值计算得到的谐波功率和作为区分正常和电弧情况的频域特征量。与常用的快速傅里叶变换（FFT）方法相比，HHT三维时频谱能够反映信号的局部特征，HHT方法计算得到的正常和电弧特征量之间的区分度更大，电弧和正常特征量的比值最高可达346。基于HHT的电弧故障特征提取方法能够更好地区分正常和电弧情况，有助于提高电弧故障的检测率，降低虚警率，具有重要的工程应用价值。     

A method of estimating GPS instrumental biases with a convolution algorithm

This paper presents a method of deriving the instrumental differential code biases (DCBs) of GPS satellites and dual frequency receivers. Considering that the total electron content (TEC) varies smoothly over a small area, one ionospheric pierce point (IPP) and four more nearby IPPs were selected to build an equation with a convolution algorithm. In addition, unknown DCB parameters were arranged into a set of equations with GPS observations in a day unit by assuming that DCBs do not vary within a day. Then, the DCBs of satellites and receivers were determined by solving the equation set with the least-squares fitting technique. The performance of this method is examined by applying it to 361?days in 2014 using the observation data from 1311 GPS Earth Observation Network (GEONET) receivers. The result was crosswise-compared with the DCB estimated by the mesh method and the IONEX products from the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE). The DCB values derived by this method agree with those of the mesh method and the CODE products, with biases of 0.091?ns and 0.321?ns, respectively. The convolution method's accuracy and stability were quite good and showed improvements over the mesh method.     

Numerical Study of Parachute-Payload Land Site Distribution with Randomize Wind Gust Model

A parachute-payload model with randomize wind gust is developed to study the landing accuracy of the parachute decelerator system,which can be exactly described by the landing site distribution.The research focuses on the steady descent phase of the parachute descent process,so the parachute and the payload suspension formulation during the phase are mainly discussed.In addition,since the wind effects have a significant impact on the land site distribution of the passive decelerator system and it is difficult to obtain the exact wind profile in practice,major features of parachute-payload system are studied via the randomized wind gust formulation.As the randomized wind gust formulation is adopted,the wind effect can be considered without the exact wind gust profile and the parachute aerodynamic simulation can be fulfilled with uncertainties.Finally,the model is validated and discussed,and the parachute land site distributions with different wind randomize profiles are presented for comparison.The results show that when parachute is less stable,the land site tends to have a larger variance.     

Assessment of between-floor structural and topological properties on cognitive map development in multilevel built environments

The present study investigated cognitive map development in multilevel built environments. Three experiments were conducted in complex virtual buildings to examine the effects of five between-floor structural factors that may impede the accuracy of humans’ ability to build multilevel cognitive maps. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 (of three experiments) revealed that difficulties in developing multilevel cognitive maps are not solely caused by the z-axis offset, as is suggested in the literature, but are due to the factorial combination of a between-floor overlap and a z-axis offset. Results from Experiment 2 showed that this process becomes substantially more difficult when the reference directions between different floors have an angular offset from each other. Finally, results from Experiment 3 demonstrated that confusing between-floor heading shifts in aligned buildings did not make it reliably harder to build multilevel cognitive maps. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of theories of mental representations in multilayered three-dimensional spaces, as well as for architectural design.     

RN-FD型固体氡气源的稳定性及应用分析

对测氡仪器进行精确校准是氡测量工作中的重要环节,固体氡气源的稳定性、可靠性在校准中则显得至关重要。本文通过分析RN-FD型固体氡气源对闪烁室K值的稳定性实验结果,认为:RN-FD型固体氡气源标称的浓度值与实际浓度值不一致,标称浓度值只是理论浓度值而不是实际浓度值,需重新刻度才能使用;RN-FD型固体氡气源抽气循环时间不同则浓度不同,但抽气循环时间固定,观测结果比较稳定;对于没有α检查源的台站,RN-FD型固体氡气源可用于氡观测仪器坪区检查。     

高温环境下大尺度薄壁结构的电性能优化设计

考虑温度引起的热变形和材料电磁参数变化对天线罩电性能的影响,基于口径积分-表面积分法(AI-SI)和有限元法(FEM),提出了高温环境下天线罩电性能分析方法;进而基于粒子群算法(PSO),建立了计及热效应的天线罩结构电性能优化流程。分别选取常温环境、均匀高温环境和非均匀高温环境三种典型工况,对比研究了温度对天线罩电性能的影响规律,并对天线罩电性能进行了优化,研究结果表明:高温会引起天线罩透波系数的下降和瞄准误差的上升,在天线罩优化设计中应重视温度对电性能的影响;计及热效应的天线罩结构电性能优化方法能显著提升天线罩的透波系数、降低瞄准误差,具有良好的优化效果。     

同步误差条件下的空间目标双基地ISAR自聚焦算法

以空间目标为研究对象，针对双基地雷达时间、空间及频率同步误差导致的逆合成孔径雷达图像散焦问题，提出基于离散多项式相位变换的自聚焦算法。算法首先将目标平动、转动及同步误差导致的相位项统一建模为高阶多项式，利用离散多项式相位变换方法估计高阶多项式系数并据此构建补偿相位项，完成高阶相位补偿。最后进行方位压缩得到高聚焦度的二维ISAR像。算法通过选取合适的延时参数及成像积累时间可得到高精度参数估计及相位补偿，理论分析和仿真校验了算法性能优于常用的非参数化自聚焦算法。