Variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere response to the 17–20 April 2002 geomagnetic storms

The responses of the thermospheric density and ionospheric foF2 to the intense magnetic storms event on 17–20 April were analyzed by using data from CHAMP/STAR and ionosonde stations respectively, and NRLMSISE-00 and IRI-2007 models were used to simulate. The models can capture the tendency of changes, especially under quiet or moderate geomagnetic conditions, but are less accurate under geomagnetic storms. The thermospheric density is sensitive to the EUV emission and geomagnetic activity, and double-peak structure appeared in the dayside. On 19 April dayside, TADs traveled toward the equator with phase speeds of the order of 300–750 m/s, interfered near the equator to produce a total density perturbation of 25%, and then passed through each other and into the opposite hemisphere. For ionospheric foF2, there are non-symmetric hemispheres’ features during the intense geomagnetic activities. In details, middle latitudes in the north and high latitudes in both hemispheres are negative ionospheric storms, and the maximum amplitudes of δfoF2$\delta \mathit{foF}2$ is about 60%, but the amplitudes decrease from the higher to lower latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. Meanwhile, the equatorial station shows positive phase, and the maximum value is about 100%. Finally, the mechanisms for these features will be discussed in this study.     

侧风起飞中几个问题的探讨

根据飞机在侧风起飞时出现的一些特点,从侧风起飞的基本关系式入手,系统分析,讨论了侧风起飞通常会遇到的几个问题,阐明了侧风起飞的操纵特点。并以Ｈ２飞机为例,计算了飞机在侧风,大侧风条件下的起飞性能,为各型飞机侧风起飞安全提供了理论依据,对实际飞行具有一定的指导作用。     

复杂地形下基于三视约束的景象匹配方法

 景象匹配通过将飞行器实拍图像与机载的基准图像比较而进行导航。当飞行高度较低时,由地面大起伏引起的实时图几何变形会严重影响匹配性能,造成匹配精度下降甚至出现误匹配,这一问题严重制约了现有景象匹配系统的应用范围,比如无法应用于建筑林立的城镇地区和梯田、丘陵地带。本文首先推导了小视场内无几何变形的高空竖直透视投影模型;在此基础上,依据三视约束关系,把相邻两幅下视实时图像的特征赋给该透视模型所成的像,得到消除几何变形的特征模板,再和基准图进行匹配。因此,所提方法不仅能处理由飞行器姿态引起的实时图几何变形问题,而且适用于城镇等地面存在较大起伏的地形。理论分析和仿真实验表明,该算法取得了较好的结果,具有良好的环境适应能力,实用性较强。     

基于二进小波阈值决策的血管内超声图像噪声抑制

针对血管内超声图像中血液散射引起的斑点噪声,提出了一种基于小波多尺度分析的非线性去噪算法,在二进小波变换域分别采用软阈值滤波法和硬阈值滤波法对不同尺度的小波系数进行非线性处理,并根据二进小波分解结构提出了一种局部阈值估计方法.实验结果表明,该方法在抑制血流斑点噪声的同时也较好地保留了图像边缘,有助于识别管壁和周围组织.     

基于伴随理论的Spread-F最优初值扰动提取研究及数值模拟

通过讨论Spread-F扰动初值对于研究R-T不稳定性的必要性,分析初值扰动提取在人工诱导电离层方面的重要作用, 首次提出了应用伴随理论将电离层不稳定性基本方程与Spread-F观测资料相结合提取其扰动初值的方法. 推导了电离层不稳定性方程的伴随模式并进行数值模拟实验, 结果表明电离层不稳定性方程能够较好描述 Spread-F的发展过程; 伴随模式在利用不同迭代初值以及不同时刻观测资料进行反演时, 均能得到较为理想的结果, 表明利用伴随模式反演电离层 Spread-F初始扰动是可行的.      

HTPB推进剂凝胶分解特性与老化性能的相关性

研究了贮存老化过程中 HTPB推进剂凝胶的氧化反应热效应与推进剂力学性能之间的相关性。实验表明 ,HTPB推进剂贮存老化过程中 ,凝胶的氧化反应热效应与推进剂最大强度下的延伸率 ,二者之间存在很好的线性相关性 ,为进一步快速预估 HTPB推进剂的贮存寿命 ,提供了一种样品用量少、快速简便的新方法     

反作用轮密封罩结构的稳定性研究

反作用轮外壳体结构是反作用轮工作的载体,对保证反作用轮正常工作具有重要的作用。壳体由底座和密封罩两部分组成。文章基于通用有限元分析软件,利用特征值屈曲分析和非线性屈曲分析两种方法,研究了反作用轮密封罩结构的稳定性能,分析了壳面形态对结构稳定性能的影响。研究结果为反作用飞轮密封罩结构的设计和制造提供理论依据。     

S弯进气道旋流缩涡实验研究

本文提出的旋流缩涡法采用了一种结构简单的缩涡器, 是一个金属薄片弯成的框架。这个缩涡器框架被安置在进气道喉道前, 通过4个薄片固定在模型上。实验研究表明:该法可缩小由S弯进气道进口分离所造成的单涡旋流作用范围, 并提高出口截面平均总压系数。      

Interplanetary magnetic field control of plasma distribution in the polar ionosphere

We used the TEC (Total electron content) data of 5 min resolution obtained from the Madrigal database during solar-maximum winter (Nov. 6, 2000–Feb. 4, 2001) to study statistically the polar ionospheric plasma distribution response to different intensity and orientation of IMF By/Bz components. The sunlit high-density plasma extension from dayside to nightside is favored in negative IMF By and Bz conditions. With the magnitude of the negative Bz increasing, the time range corresponding to the distinct high-density extension feature expands, and the plasma density along the extension path enhances, which can be attributed to the interaction between dayside solar-produced ionization whose poleward limit is decided by terminator and convection extent mainly modulated by IMF Bz component. As for IMF By component influence on the sunlit plasma extension, the combination effect of convection and corotation electric fields is necessary to be considered.     

Deformation monitoring using GNSS-R technology

GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) has been widely studied in recent years for various applications, such as soil moisture monitoring, biomass analysis, and sea state monitoring. This paper presents the concept of a novel application of using GNSS-R technology for deformation monitoring. Instead of installing GNSS on the deformation body to sense the movement, GNSS-R deformation monitoring system estimates the deformation from receiving GNSS signal reflected by the deformation body remotely. A prototype of GNSS-R deformation monitoring system has been developed based on GNSS software receiver technology. A 3D geometrical model of GNSS signal reflection has been used to reveal the relationship between the change of carrier phase difference and deformation. After compensating the propagation path delay changes caused by satellite movement, the changes in the remaining carrier phase difference are linked to the deformation. Field tests have been carried using the GNSS-R system developed and the results show sub-centimeter level deformation can be observed with the new technology. Unlike other GNSS deformation monitoring methods, GNSS-R receivers are not installed on the slope which makes this new technology more attractive.