GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

高校新校区校园文化构建的德育对策研究

论文从高校新校区校园文化匮乏入手，阐述了校园文化建设是高校新校区建设的关键问题，并从德育角度探寻校园文化建设的方法和途径。     

隐身目标电磁散射特性的图形电磁计算方法研究

计算了不同涂覆介质的反射系数,利用图形电磁计算方法计算了平板和圆柱的涂覆不同介质的雷达散射截面,并且为了增加图形电磁计算的通用性引入了归一化因子。结果表明,此计算方法是正确的。     

月面采样返回探测器推进系统设计与实现

嫦娥五号探测器承担了我国首次地外天体采样返回任务，其飞行过程复杂，经历地月飞行、近月制动、环月变轨、月面软着陆、月面上升、月轨交会对接、月地入射等一系列过程，且工作环境较为恶劣，对推进系统技术要求高。探测器采用了氦气增压双组元统一推进系统技术，在以往技术基础上，通过系统轻质化设计、研发新型高强度纤维复合材料气瓶、优化贮箱结构设计及采用更高强度的材料、更轻巧的姿控发动机设计等技术大幅度减轻了分系统干重，通过提升主发动机燃烧效率、提升贮箱排放效率及控制膜片压差、采用贮箱间连通管、精确控制管路流阻等技术提升了分系统性能，通过强化系统可靠性设计、面向高温环境的系统状态管理、研发耐高温发动机、在轨超压自主故障检测与控制、零夹气新型加注技术等手段增强了分系统可靠性。阐述了推进系统的研制过程、设计方案、技术特点、关键技术攻关情况，以及在轨飞行结果，并总结了推进技术创新点。     

着舰导引系统H∞控制器设计

舰载机着舰导引误差的最大来源是舰导气流扰动。为抑制气流扰动，提高舰载机自动着舰导引的精度，本文将Ｈ∞控制方法应用于着舰导引系统设计，将导引系统性能要求转化为对Ｈ∞控制分析的结构及权阵的选取。     

考虑飞行器动力系统进排气效应的设计参数灵敏度分析研究

面向飞行器内外流一体化设计,基于自主研发的大规模并行化结构化网格RANS求解器以及离散伴随方程求解器,开展了考虑推进系统动力状态下进排气边界条件的变分研究,通过链式求导法则避免直接对守恒变量变分,进一步引入中间变量大幅度简化了进排气边界条件变分的难度,建立了考虑进排气效应的设计变量灵敏度高效分析方法,并通过TPS标准模型计算验证了进排气数值模拟精度,与有限差分对比验证了灵敏度计算精度,以翼上发动机气动布局进排气影响数值模拟为例,系统分析了低速、高速、定攻角、定升力状态,推进系统有无动力工况灵敏度的变化以及影响机理。     

某型机外形数模修形设计

在某型机外形数模修形设计过程中,探讨如何确定修形原则,即针对存在各种问题的曲面形态,如何确定不同的修形方法,使整个飞机外型数模达到光顺性、结构可实施性、曲面连续性要求。     

中高轨道卫星离轨参数研究

介绍了国际上对卫星离轨的处置政策以及美国NASA对GPS卫星离轨参数的研究结论。从确保卫星离轨期间以及离轨后与相邻轨道卫星不发生碰撞的角度出发,针对我国中高轨道运行的卫星,按照不同初始轨道参数对卫星离轨后长达200年的时间内各轨道参数的演化情况进行研究,研究结果表明:卫星离轨的近地点幅角初值的选取与升交点赤经密切相关。最后提出了对我国中高轨道卫星离轨高度、偏心率和近地点辐角等参数的选取建议,希望能为到达寿命末期的中高轨道卫星离轨工作提供参考。     

一种适用于高速OFDM的符号定时同步算法

OFDM系统以其优秀的频带利用率受到了广泛的应用。本文就OFDM系统在高速数据传输环境下出现的符号定时同步问题与经典同步算法中的问题的不同点做了分析,并对针对小子载波数情况出现的不同对已有的经典符号定时同步算法做出了相应的改进。最后使用Matlab对其进行了仿真,可以得出在小子载波数的情况下捕获性能良好,是一种可以用于高速OFDM系统的符号定时同步算法。     

太赫兹光谱和功率计量研究进展

介绍太赫兹光谱和功率参数的计量方法,报导了中国计量科学研究院在太赫兹计量领域的工作进展。对于太赫兹光谱仪的校准,利用回波校准技术提高了太赫兹光谱仪的校准不确定度;对于太赫兹功率计量,自主研制了高吸收率太赫兹吸收涂层和太赫兹辐射热计,实现了太赫兹辐射功率溯源至国家激光功率基准。该研究为促进太赫兹技术发展提供量值溯源需求和准确测量技术保障。