战术导弹结构动力学灵敏度分析研究

研究了战术导弹的结构动力学频率灵敏度、振型灵敏度分析技术。首先,给出了结构模态灵敏度分析的理论和计算公式。然后,给出了某型导弹的结构动力学分析有限元模型。最后,分析了战术导弹各连接面刚度对全弹振动频率和振型的灵敏度。研究发现处于结构振型波峰或者波谷的中部连接面的刚度对全弹模态影响较大。该方法为模型修正和结构设计提供了参考。     

固有模态函数(IMF)积检测器——以低信噪比情况下超宽带雷达信号检测为例

首次提出了一种固有模态函数积检测器.首先通过经验模式分解(EMD)把带噪信号分解成有限个固有模态函数(IMF).检测的基本思路是,对各个IMF分量的绝对值作逐点乘积,用于抑制噪声并凸现信号,最后进行滤波和判决.本文以UWB信号为例,数据源于UWB雷达实验系统.在低信噪比(SNR),UWB脉冲与噪声波形相似,且噪声概率密度函数(PDF)未知情况下,进行实验.结果表明,当峰峰信噪比低于5 dB时,该检测器性能优于Teager能量算子(TEO).     

固有模态函数（IMF）积检测器——以低信噪比情况下超宽带雷达信号检测为例

首次提出了一种固有模态函数积检测器。首先通过经验模式分解（EMD）把带噪信号分解成有限个固有模态函数（IMF）。检测的基本思路是，对各个IMF分量的绝对值作逐点乘积，用于抑制噪声并凸现信号，最后进行滤波和判决。本文以UWB信号为例，数据源于UWB雷达实验系统。在低信噪比（SNR），UWB脉冲与噪声波形相似，且噪声概率密度函数（PDF）未知情况下，进行实验。结果表明，当峰峰信噪比低于5dB时，该检测器性能优于Teager能量算子（TEO）。     

变转速下跨声速压气机的耦合扩稳方法

为了探索在不同转速下均可有效提高压气机失速裕度的扩稳方法,以跨声速压气机为研究对象,利用缝式机匣处理和叶顶喷气进行耦合设计,并参数化研究了缝数目、缝长、缝宽及喷嘴周向宽度对压气机性能的影响规律,结合非定常数值模拟揭示了耦合型机匣处理的扩稳机理。研究结果表明,在100%、80%、60%转速下,压气机失速裕度分别提高9.31%、8.26%、8.68%,设计点效率分别降低0.77%、0.23%、0.41%。缝数目、缝长、缝宽是影响压气机失速裕度及效率的显著因素,而喷嘴周向宽度对压气机失速裕度及效率的影响较小。耦合型机匣处理内形成了抽吸、喷气的耦合流动循环,耦合强度的增加有利于压气机失速裕度的提高,但会降低压气机效率。耦合型机匣处理提高了叶顶负荷,但降低了叶顶泄漏强度,极大消除了叶顶泄漏涡引起的叶顶堵塞,这是压气机失速裕度提高的主要原因。耦合型机匣处理具有在不同转速下均能有效扩稳的潜力。     

雨流计数法及其在程序中的具体实现

根据雨流计数法的规则和在实际中应用的体会，介绍了雨流计数法在程序中实现的具体方法。它适合用各种语言编写，在计取循环数时采用的“四点法”使程序的实现比用其他方法更加准确可靠，简单明了。     

The Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer (MagEIS) Instruments Aboard the Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) Spacecraft

This paper describes the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer (MagEIS) instruments aboard the RBSP spacecraft from an instrumentation and engineering point of view. There are four magnetic spectrometers aboard each of the two spacecraft, one low-energy unit (20–240 keV), two medium-energy units (80–1200 keV), and a high-energy unit (800–4800 keV). The high unit also contains a proton telescope (55 keV–20 MeV). The magnetic spectrometers focus electrons within a selected energy pass band upon a focal plane of several silicon detectors where pulse-height analysis is used to determine if the energy of the incident electron is appropriate for the electron momentum selected by the magnet. Thus each event is a two-parameter analysis, an approach leading to a greatly reduced background. The physics of these instruments are described in detail followed by the engineering implementation. The data outputs are described, and examples of the calibration results and early flight data presented.     

高速圆柱滚子轴承工作温度研究

将滚子与套圈滚道摩擦生热视为移动热源,建立了高速圆柱滚子轴承温度场计算模型;使用ANSYS的APDL语言发展了轴承工作温度分析的参数化程序,输入热流密度等边界条件,程序能够自动建模精确的分析高速圆柱滚子轴承工作温度.以一个型号轴承为例,分析了不同工况参数对轴承工作温度的影响,结果显示轴承内圈转速、径向载荷和润滑油入口油温对轴承工作温度影响显著.      

A residual based adaptive unscented Kalman filter for fault recovery in attitude determination system of microsatellites

This paper presents an adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) to recover the satellite attitude in a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) subsystem of microsatellites. The FDD subsystem includes a filter and an estimator with residual generators, hypothesis tests for fault detections and a reference logic table for fault isolations and fault recovery. The recovery process is based on the monitoring of mean and variance values of each attitude sensor behaviors from residual vectors. In the case of normal work, the residual vectors should be in the form of Gaussian white noise with zero mean and fixed variance. When the hypothesis tests for the residual vectors detect something unusual by comparing the mean and variance values with dynamic thresholds, the AUKF with real-time updated measurement noise covariance matrix will be used to recover the sensor faults. The scheme developed in this paper resolves the problem of the heavy and complex calculations during residual generations and therefore the delay in the isolation process is reduced. The numerical simulations for TSUBAME, a demonstration microsatellite of Tokyo Institute of Technology, are conducted and analyzed to demonstrate the working of the AUKF and FDD subsystem.     

Telerobotics: problems and research needs

With major emphasis on simulation, a university laboratory telerobotics facility permits problems to be approached by groups of graduate students. Helmet-mounded displays provide realism; the slaving of the display to the human operator's viewpoint gives a sense of `telepresence' that may be useful for prolonged tasks. Using top-down 3-D model control of distant images allows distant images to be reduced to a few parameters to update the model used for display to the human operator in a preview model to circumvent, in part, the communication delay. Also, the model can be used as a format for supervisory control and permit short-term local autonomous operations. Image processing algorithms can be made simpler and faster without trying to construct sensible images from the bottom. Control studies of telerobots lead to preferential manual control modes and, in this university environment, to basic paradigms for human motion and thence, perhaps, to redesign of robotic control, trajectory path planning, and rehabilitation prosthetics. Speculation as to future industrial drives for this telerobotic field suggests efficient roles for government agencies such as NASA     

Prebiotic significance of extraterrestrial ice photochemistry: detection of hydantoin in organic residues

The delivery of extraterrestrial organic materials to primitive Earth from meteorites or micrometeorites has long been postulated to be one of the origins of the prebiotic molecules involved in the subsequent apparition of life. Here, we report on experiments in which vacuum UV photo-irradiation of interstellar/circumstellar ice analogues containing H(2)O, CH(3)OH, and NH(3) led to the production of several molecules of prebiotic interest. These were recovered at room temperature in the semi-refractory, water-soluble residues after evaporation of the ice. In particular, we detected small quantities of hydantoin (2,4-imidazolidinedione), a species suspected to play an important role in the formation of poly- and oligopeptides. In addition, hydantoin is known to form under extraterrestrial, abiotic conditions, since it has been detected, along with various other derivatives, in the soluble part of organic matter of primitive carbonaceous meteorites. This result, together with other related experiments reported recently, points to the potential importance of the photochemistry of interstellar "dirty" ices in the formation of organics in Solar System materials. Such molecules could then have been delivered to the surface of primitive Earth, as well as other telluric (exo-) planets, to help trigger first prebiotic reactions with the capacity to lead to some form of primitive biomolecular activity.