焊接残余应力超声无损检测技术

基于声弹性理论,针对天然气输送管道焊缝残余应力检测问题,本文提出了一种检测新技术,并研制残余应力超声检测系统。该系统采用一发一收的探头分布方式,传感器沿着管道直焊缝放置,传感器吸附于管道外壁并在管道表面及亚表面激发出临界折射纵波,测得管道外壁沿着直焊缝处的焊接残余应力分布情况,并且经过实验验证该系统对管道焊接残余应力测量的可靠性。针对温度变化较大环境下的曲面材料的残余应力检测问题,提出了温度补偿技术和曲率补偿技术。     

基于遗传退火算法的电路模拟吸波材料设计

相比传统吸波材料,电路模拟吸波材料可以很好地减小材料厚度、提高吸波性能,其设计通常使用遗传算法进行优化。针对传统遗传算法的诸多不足,对交叉和变异概率进行了改进、引入了模拟退火思想作为子代接受准则并增加了算法终止准则。其中,对交叉和变异概率的改进是最大创新点。改进后的遗传算法只需进化100代即得到最优解,平均反射率为-15.0420,厚度为1.43 mm,均优于传统算法得出的结果。结果表明,改进后的遗传算法具有收敛速率快、不易陷入局部最优解等优点。     

Relationship between the fluxes of relativistic electrons at geosynchronous orbit and the level of ULF activity on the Earth’s surface and in the solar wind during the 23rd solar activity cycle

We present the results of a cross-correlation analysis made on the basis of Spearman’s rank correlation method. The quantities to correlate are daily values of the fluence of energetic electrons at a geosynchronous orbit, intensities of ground and interplanetary ultra-low-frequency (ULF) oscillations in the Pc5 range, and parameters of the solar wind. The period under analysis is the 23rd cycle of solar activity, 1996–2006. Daily (from 6 h to 18 h of LT) magnetic data at two diametrically opposite observatories of the Intermagnet network are taken as ground-based measurements. The fluxes of electrons with energies higher than 2 MeV were measured by the geosynchronous GOES satellites. The data of magnetometers and plasma instruments installed on ACE and WIND spacecraft were used for analysis of the solar wind parameters and of the oscillations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Some results elucidating the role played by interplanetary ULF waves in the processes of generation of magneospheric oscillations and acceleration of energetic electrons are obtained. Among them are (i) high and stable correlation of ground ULF oscillations with waves in the solar wind; (ii) closer link of mean daily amplitudes of both interplanetary and ground oscillations with ‘tomorrow’ values of the solar wind velocity than with current values; and (iii) correlation of the intensity of ULF waves in the solar wind, normalized to the IMF magnitude, with fluxes of relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere.     

SSA: Where does Europe stand now?

With the growing need for monitoring and awareness of all the objects in space (including debris) now recognized, the types of effort required towards this end are discussed, with the emphasis on European activities. A number of European documents acknowledging the problem are cited and initiatives to promote space situational awareness (SSA) are examined. While there is currently no provision in the EU budget beyond 2013 for protecting ground and space assets from space environmental threats, an encouraging degree of bilateral cooperation between member states suggests that an SSA capability is emerging in Europe.     

双锥流量计气液两相流流量测量模型研究

气液两相流广泛存在于化工、动力、炼油、油气开采与输送等领域,其参数的传感与测量是工业系统中难以回避的一个难题。提出一种双锥结构的新型差压式流量测量方法,设计并加工了直径比分别为0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8和0.9的双锥流量计,分析了不同直径比双锥流量计对单相介质的测量特性。以空气和水为介质,开展了水平管气液两相流流量测量实验研究。通过分析准气相流量比与 Lockhart-Martinelli 常数的关系,基于分相流理论建立了适合双锥流量计的两相流流量测量模型。实验结果表明,在不同直径比下准气相流量比与 Lockhart-Martinelli常数均具有优良的线性关系,流量测量模型对气液两相流总流量测量的误差可在6%以内。     

一种用于WorldView-2遥感图像的波段分组融合方法

针对WorldView-2卫星遥感图像,提出一种基于波段分组的多光谱图像与全色光图像融合新方法。该方法以全色光波段与多光谱各波段光谱响应的匹配特点为依据,首先将八波段多光谱图像分成两组,然后分别设计融合模型再进行分组融合,最终得到多光谱各波段的融合结果,分组策略简单、实用。实验结果表明,该方法在融合WorldView-2遥感图像时能够在提高空间分辨率和保持光谱信息方面达到更好的平衡,优于现有的几种融合方法。     

基于改进配点法的最省燃料交会研究

基于改进的直接配点法,研究了有限推力最优交会控制问题。给出了有限推力交会的最优控制模型,将状态量和控制量离散化,节点间的状态量用五阶多项式表示,形成一系列代数约束,转化为一个非线性规划问题,用序列二次规划算法(SQP)求解参数最优化问题。对终端时刻自由的最省燃料交会问题的数值仿真结果表明:与直接配点法相比,改进配点法的精度较高。     

波导裂缝阵列天线真空钎焊间隙控制技术

间隙控制技术是保证波导裂缝阵列天线真空钎焊质量的重要技术,通过研究零件变形控制及零件尺寸稳定性处理方法,改善超差零件的形位公差,可以保证95%的零件满足钎焊要求;通过控制装配表面粗糙度、组装修配及焊接夹具技术的应用,可以实现间隙补偿,保证真空钎焊的间隙要求,提高焊接质量,焊接后天线合格率接近100%。     

电磁环境复杂度动态评估方法

探讨了电子信息装备面临电磁环境复杂度动态度量方法.通过建立电磁环境要素动态模型,得到电子信息装备面临电磁环境瞬态复杂度描述;区分电子信息装备不同工作特点,依据使命,通过综合考量,最终得出电子信息装备面临电磁环境动态复杂度综合评估方法.     

基于Matlab/STK的航天电子侦察效能仿真技术研究

STK在航天领域的系统分析与仿真方面应用广泛,但是在应用中经常面临模型不完备、操作复杂等问题。以Matlab/STK接口模块为基础,综合Matlab建模和STK仿真优势,研究基于Matlab/STK的航天电子侦察效能仿真分析方法,该方法不需要直接操作STK,操作灵活。基于该方法仿真分析卫星的侦察效能、轨道设计以及优化电子侦察任务设计方案,可为航天电子侦察任务设计论证提供参考。