基体碳结构对轴间密封环用C/C复合材料摩擦磨损特性的影响

 在m²000型摩擦实验机上,在不同载荷作用下,对4种具有不同偏光结构的C/C复合材料与40Cr钢配副进行环—块滑动摩擦实验。结果表明:相同载荷下,具有粗糙层（RL）基体碳结构试样的摩擦系数都最高,且随载荷的增加在0.151～0.165之间波动。而光滑层（SL）碳结构的试样的摩擦系数最低,随载荷增加在0.105～0.117之间缓慢降低。随时间延长,RL结构的试样在高载荷下摩擦系数下降,SL结构的试样摩擦系数除60N外略有上升,树脂碳增密的试样摩擦系数均下降,而树脂碳+SL碳的试样仅80N、150N的基本保持不变。RL结构的试样体积磨损量最大,最大值为150N时的1 61mm³,而SL+树脂碳结构的试样体积磨损量最小,在0.391～0.420mm³之间。SEM观察表明:随载荷增加,RL结构的试样摩擦表面形貌仍很完整、光滑,而浸渍增密的试样纤维拔出现象加剧,SL+树脂碳结构的试样摩擦表面逐渐完整。     

敞口型离心喷嘴动力学特性理论分析

1引言敞口型离心喷嘴,图1(a),广泛应用于液氧/煤油液体火箭发动机中,如俄罗斯的液体火箭发动机RD120和RD170[1]。在稳态工况下,相对于收口型离心喷嘴,图1(b),敞口型离心喷嘴在雾化质量方面并没有明显的优势,甚至差于收口型离心喷嘴[2,3]。Ba-zarov认为敞口型喷嘴除了起到喷雾和     

高焓风洞中钝体近尾流红外辐射测试技术

介绍在JF-10氢氧爆轰驱动高焓激波风洞中开展再人流场红外辐射测量的实验技术。风洞试验状态的驻室总压为19．6MPa，驻室总温为7920K。实验以球头钝锥体为试验模型，测量其近尾流红外辐射能量通量的横向分布。测量采用插入式锑化铟多元红外成像系统，波段范围为2．27-6．0μm。试验数据呈现明显的规律性。试验结果表明：利用这一测量技术能够提供高焓条件下有较高空间分辨率的、较为准确的红外实验数据。     

输出误差函数的交-交矩阵变换器数字PWM调制技术

针对矩阵变换器调制方式的特点，提出了基于输出电压误差函数分析的矩阵变换器离散调制技术，推导了基于时间离散和差分原理的电路方程。根据最小误差函数确定矩阵变换器开关模式，实现了系统闭环控制时开关状态的优化组合。利用α-β平面内的空间矢量描述开关组合状态，使得误差函数的计算工作量小、过程简单，易于实现。数字仿真和实验结果验证了时间离散调制技术的正确性和控制方法的可行性。     

高速进气道出口快速撤锥再起动特性研究

为了探寻出口快速撤锥过程对高速进气道起动性能的影响,对二元高速进气道出口快速撤锥过程开展了非定常数值仿真研究。对比了进气道在一个喘振周期中从不同状态点处进行快速撤锥所表现出的起动性能的差异。研究表明,当来流马赫数低于进气道的加速自起动马赫数时,对于高速进气道因出口堵锥节流所引起的不起动流态(喘振),从不同喘振状态开始撤锥,进气道表现出不同的起动特性,而进气道最终能否顺利建立起动流态与快速撤锥时机的选取有关。     

Influence of TiB2 particles on machinability and machining parameter optimization of TiB2/Al MMCs

In situ formed TiB₂ particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (TiB₂/Al MMCs) have some extraordinary properties which make them be a promising material for high performance aero-engine blade. Due to the influence of TiB₂ particles, the machinability is still a problem which restricts the application of TiB₂/Al MMCs. In order to meet the industrial requirements, the influence of TiB₂ particles on the machinability of TiB₂/Al MMCs was investigated experimentally. Moreover, the optimal machining conditions for this kind of MMCs were investigated in this study. The major conclusions are: (1) the machining force of TiB₂/Al MMCs is bigger than that of non-reinforced alloy and mainly controlled by feed rate; (2) the residual stress of TiB₂/Al MMCs is compressive while that of non-reinforced alloy is nearly neutral; (3) the surface roughness of TiB₂/Al MMCs is smaller than that of non-reinforced alloy under the same cutting speed, but reverse result was observed when the feed rate increased; (4) a multi-objective optimization model for surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) was established, and a set of optimal parameter combinations of the machining was obtained. The results show a great difference from SiC particle reinforced MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of machining process of this material.     

永磁力矩电机三相绕组不对称性改进方法研究

由于力矩电机多作为驱动电机使用,且电机对低速平稳性要求很高,所以选用了一种特殊的极槽配合方式。12极39槽的选择使得电机齿槽转矩较小的同时导致电机三相绕组不对称。降低绕组不对称对电机低速平稳性的影响,对提高绕组的对称性的方法研究有着重要的意义。以一台采用12极39槽的力矩电机为例,提出了一种绕组不对称性的改进方法,通过改变绕组的排列方式提高了绕组的对称性,且保证了电机的低速平稳性。最终通过理论研究与仿真分析验证了不对称性改进方法的有效性。     

15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢磁粉检测磁痕分析

针对航空15-5PH马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢在磁粉检测过程中发现的条状、片状和长直磁痕显示进行了总结。分析了不同磁痕显示的特点及微观组织情况,最终确定了磁痕的性质。结合不同热处理状态下的磁特性分析,确立了纯洁度磁粉检测的工艺流程以及磁痕判别方法。研究发现沉淀硬化不锈钢在磁粉检测过程中磁痕显示主要是由铁素体和组织不均匀造成的。研究结论为航空制造过程中沉淀硬化不锈钢的磁粉检测的磁痕判定以及规范的制定提供依据,确保磁粉检测工作的顺利进行。     

电磁测力系统研究

介绍了电磁测力系统中静磁场分析与优化、通电线圈位置控制方法及提高线性度的自校准方法。运用Maxwell 3D进行仿真计算，得到了相对优化的磁密及磁均匀性，通过控制通电线圈在磁场中位置及分段线性微分技术，提高了电磁测力准确度。构建了试验装置，对比试验数据表明，该研究措施对于提高电磁测力准确度取得了较好效果。     

Rotation Control of a 3-DOF Parallel Mechanism Driven by Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

The pneumatic muscle actuator(PMA) has many advantages,such as good flexibility,high power/weight ratio,but its nonlinearity makes it difficult to build a static mathematical model with high precision. A new method is proposed to establish the model of PMA. The concept of hybrid elastic modulus which is related to the static characteristic of PMA is put forward,and the energy conservation law is used to achieve the expression of the hybrid elastic modulus,which can be fitted out based on experimental data,and the model of PMA can be derived from this expression. At the same time,a 3-DOF parallel mechanism(a new bionic shoulder joint)driven by five PMAs is designed. This bionic shoulder joint adopts the structure of two antagonistic PMAs actualizing a rotation control and three PMAs controlling another two rotations to get better rotation characteristics. The kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed and a new static model of PMA is used to control it.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new static model.