宽频带遥测自跟踪馈源

介绍一种五单元十字交叉振子宽频带双工馈源。该馈源跟踪带宽扩至300MHz,馈源照射器在发射与跟踪两个频段内驻波比小于1.6,馈源差波束零深大于30dB,交叉耦合度小于25%。文中就该馈源的照射单元与馈电网络的设计作介绍,同时给出测试结果。     

宽频带自反相型180°移相器的研究

提出并制作一种四倍频程自反相型180°移相器。采用两段巴伦直接相连的方式,仅用一个单元电路就实现了超宽频带内的180°移相。在1.3~5.2GHZ工作频段内,该移相器的驻波小于1.65,插入损耗小于1DB,固定相移180°,相位精度达到±5.5°。     

飞机隔热结构热桥效应分析与实验

针对飞机隔热结构中金属筋条的热桥问题,设计了两类典型飞机隔热结构构型。为了研究分析热桥效应对隔热性能的影响,对各构型进行瞬态热传导有限元分析,得到在热面温度分别为100℃,200℃,300℃,424℃时考核点的温度,并通过隔热性能实验验证了有限元方法的有效性。结果表明:热桥对隔热结构的隔热性能有较大影响,设计隔热结构时应充分考虑热桥现象;提出了热桥阻断的方法。     

智能移动三坐标辅助定位的自适应控制方法

飞机部件的外形测量与误差评估是提升飞机装配质量的关键。针对测量工作要求高精度、高效率和无需专用工装的情况，同时针对被测对象外形尺寸大、各部位测量规范不同等难点，提出一种基于激光跟踪仪的智能移动三坐标辅助定位自适应控制技术。该技术以激光跟踪仪作为测量工具，以直角三坐标伺服机构作为靶标的辅助定位 装置，通过对直角三坐标伺服机构及导航小车进行任务规划与优化；同时激光跟踪仪实时反馈靶标目标位置，从而以最优路径的方式实现对测量机构多站位自主移动的全闭环自适应控制，提高了靶标的定位精度及测量效率。本文在线对测量数据进行了快速处理，得出了误差分布图，并精确地反映了测量点位的误差。实验结果表明：该方法可实现大尺寸部件的高精度快速测量，满足飞机大部件的测量要求。     

Hybrid uncertainty-based design optimization and its application to hybrid rocket motors for manned lunar landing

Design reliability and robustness are getting increasingly important for the general design of aerospace systems with many inherently uncertain design parameters. This paper presents a hybrid uncertainty-based design optimization (UDO) method developed from probability theory and interval theory. Most of the uncertain design parameters which have sufficient information or experimental data are classified as random variables using probability theory, while the others are defined as interval variables with interval theory. Then a hybrid uncertainty analysis method based on Monte Carlo simulation and Taylor series interval analysis is developed to obtain the uncer-tainty propagation from the design parameters to system responses. Three design optimization strategies, including deterministic design optimization (DDO), probabilistic UDO and hybrid UDO, are applied to the conceptual design of a hybrid rocket motor (HRM) used as the ascent propulsion system in Apollo lunar module. By comparison, the hybrid UDO is a feasible method and can be effectively applied to the general design of aerospace systems.     

直升机桨叶耐颗粒物/砂磨蚀标准分析

在分析研究直升机桨叶耐颗粒物/砂磨蚀标准主要技术要素的基础上,全面对比分析了MIL-STD-3033、ГОСТР52560-2006、GJB 1171-1991等国内外标准的基本内容,提出了装备研制及标准化工作相关建议。     

新型弹簧床结构的HAN基发动机技术

为改善硝酸羟胺(HAN)基发动机催化剂在长时间工作的工况下容易发生破碎而产生空穴的现象，本文提出一种新型弹簧床结构发动机设计方法，对发动机催化床进行改进优化设计。该设计可实现，常温环境下弹簧所提供的最大弹力不足以压碎催化剂；同时在高温环境下，弹簧的最小弹力足以克服催化床受到的流动阻力，可大幅提高发动机工作寿命、性能和可靠性。为验证该设计方法的有效性，分别开展了传统结构和新型弹簧床结构的HAN基1N发动机温启动试验。试验结果表明：在相同试验条件下，传统结构1N发动机温启动次数不超过150次，而使用新型弹簧床结构的1N发动机温启动次数超过了500次，且工作性能更优。试验结果证明了该设计方法的有效性，为HAN基发动机长寿命可靠工作奠定了良好的技术基础。     

对GPS区域映射系统中比例优化的研究

GPS区域映射系统通过对分布式转发器的时延控制，实现定位区域上的映射关系，使由GPS制导的武器错误定位，从而偏离原有的目标，实现对重要目标的保护^[1]。文章首先给出了求解区域映射系统中虚拟点邻域的迭代算法，在此基础上分析了虚拟点与真实点的位置关系以及转发器的分布对映射比例的影响，并在有效干扰区域内，对如何选择虚拟点的位置和转发器的分布以达到映射比例的优化进行了研究，得出的结论为实际应用提供了参考。     

Simulation study on slant-to-vertical deviation in two dimensional TEC mapping over the ionosphere equatorial anomaly

With the rapid increase of GPS/GNSS receivers being deployed and operated in China, real-time GPS data from nearly a thousand sites are available at the National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorology Administration. However, it is challenging to generate a high-quality regional total electron content (TEC) map with the traditional two-dimensional (2-D) retrieval scheme because a large horizontal gradient has been reported over east–south Asia due to the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. We developed an Ionosphere Data Assimilation Analysis System (IDAAS), which is described in this study, using an International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model as the background and applying a Kalman filter for updated observations. The IDAAS can reconstruct a three-dimensional ionosphere with the GPS slant TEC. The inverse slant TEC correlates well with observations both for GPS sites involved in the reconstruction and sites that are not involved. Based on the IDAAS, simulations were performed to investigate the deviation relative to the slant-to-vertical conversion (STV). The results indicate that the relative deviation induced by slant-to-vertical conversion may be significant in certain instances, and the deviation varies from 0% to 40% when the elevation decreases from 90° to 15°, while the relative IDAAS deviation is much smaller and varies from −5% to 15% without an elevation dependence. Compared with ‘true TEC’ map derived from the model, there is large difference in STV TEC map but no obvious discrepancy in IDAAS map. Generally, the IDAAS TEC map is much closer to the “true TEC” than is STV TEC map is.