Enhanced multipath mitigation method based on multi-resolution CNR model and adaptive statistical test strategy for real-time kinematic PPP

This study proposes an enhanced multipath mitigation method based on multi-resolution carrier-to-noise-ratio (CNR) model and adaptive statistical test strategy for real-time kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) applications. The multi-resolution CNR model is established with GPS observation data collected from DOY 152 to 181 of 2019 by 230 globally distributed IGS stations, which used to analyze the relevant factors affecting CNR. Statistical results indicate that the CNR is not only related to the satellite elevation, but also closely related to the receiver types and specific satellite. The maximum difference between different receivers can reach 20 dB for the same satellite at the same elevation. In addition, the performance of the CNR is also obviously different between each satellite, and the maximum difference between different satellites is about 10 dB for the same receiver at the same elevation. Hence, in terms of the method which is based on CNR information for multipath detection and mitigation, the independence of receiver types, satellite and frequency must be considered. With the above analysis, this study developed a multi-resolution CNR model based on different receiver types, different satellites and different elevation firstly. Then, combined with the adaptive statistical test strategy which is based on the difference of CNR between inter-frequency and the difference of CNR between adjacent epochs, the multipath can be detected effectively. For the epoch which affected by multipath, the down-weighted strategy based on CNR is adopted to mitigate the influence of multipath on positioning. Real-time kinematic PPP data are collected to assess the proposed method, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method can detect the multipath effectively, and the detection rate can reach 90.28%. Moreover, after adopting the mitigation strategy, the RMS bias of the east, north and up components are improved about 19.95%, 17.89% and 23.07% compared to the original results, respectively. It is worth noting that this proposed method is also suitable for other GNSS, such as GLONASS and BDS, but the corresponding CNR model must be established simultaneously.     

Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Attitude Control Scheme for Spacecraft with Actuator Faults

An active fault tolerant control scheme is investigated for the attitude control systems of spacecraft with external disturbance and actuator faults by using the sliding mode technique. Firstly,the dynamic equations and kinematic equations of spacecraft are given. For the dynamic mode of spacecraft in faulty case,a fault diagnosis component is used for fault detection and estimation by using a nonlinear observer. According to the fault estimation information obtained during the fault diagnosis,the fault tolerant control scheme is developed by adopting the backstepping sliding mode control technique. Meanwhile,the Lyapunov theory is used to analyze the stability of the closed-loop attitude systems. Finally,simulation results for the attitude dynamics models show the feasibility of the proposed fault tolerant scheme.     

HCKF性能评估及其在传递对准中的应用

针对高阶容积卡尔曼滤波(HCKF)算法在传递对准中的应用问题，提出综合运用多变量函数泰勒级数展开和计算复杂度分析的性能评估方法。基于高阶球面-径向容积准则建立HCKF算法模型，并对其估计精度和计算量进行量化和对比分析：HCKF具有5阶泰勒级数展开精度且计算复杂度为O(n 4)，综合性能优于高斯厄米特积分滤波(GHQF)和无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)。将三种非线性滤波算法应用到舰机大失准角传递对准系统中，摇摆台试验结果表明：HCKF的估计精度比UKF高17%，计算量比GHQF小2个数量级，与HCKF性能评估结果一致。     

Postcapture stabilization of space robots considering actuator failures with bounded torques

Space robotics is regarded as one of the most impressing approaches for space debris removal missions. Due to the residual momentum of debris, it is essential to stabilize the base rapidly after capture. This paper presents a novel control strategy for stabilization of a space robot in postcapture considering actuator failures and bounded torques. In the control strategy, the motion of the manipulator is not regarded as a disturbance to the base; in contrast, it is utilized to compensate for the limitation of the control torques by means of an inverse dynamical model of the system. Different scenarios where actuators are external mechanisms or momentum exchange devices have been carried out, and for actuator failures, both single- and two-actuator failures have been considered. Regarding to the performance of actuators, control torques are bounded. In cases that either single or two actuators have failed, the base can be stabilized kinematically when actuators are external mechanisms, but can only be stabilized dynamically when only momentum exchange devices are used. Finally, a space robot with a seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator in postcapture is studied to verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed control scheme. Simulation results show that the whole system can be stabilized rapidly.     

双凸极发电机电压调节的DSP控制实现

采用励磁电流负反馈技术的模拟调压器在航空发电机调压器上得到了应用，对这种模拟调压器进行研究，可以得到其对应的传递函数。文中将模拟调压器的传递函数进行数字化，得到了可以应用于数字调压器的控制算法。针对双凸极无刷直流发电机的调压要求，设计了以ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３２为核心的数字调压器硬件平台。采用上述控制算法的数字调压器对双凸极无刷直流发电机进行实验，取得了良好的控制效果。实验结果表明，在数字调压器中，采用     

杆状物对舰载比幅测向的影响研究

通过对杆状物信号反射的分析,研究了舰上杆状物对无源比幅测向的影响,对其中杆状物与天线距离、杆状物截面半径、长度、入射雷达信号波长等因素造成的无源比幅测向误差进行了定量分析。     

微量Sc和Zr对Al-Mg-Mn合金组织和性能的影响

研究了添加微量Sc和Zr对系列Al-Mg-Mn合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：微量Sc和Zr添加到Al-Mg-Mn合金中，热轧态合金的拉伸强度和屈服强度分别提高了75MPa-90MPa和90MPa-94MPa；经冷轧后340℃／1h稳定化退火，合金拉伸强度和屈服强度分别增加了85MPa-95MPa和90MPa。100MPa，而延伸率仍保持在11％-12％；并能显著细化合金的铸态晶粒，强烈抑制合金的热轧态和板材冷轧后退火过程中的再结晶，晶粒组织成纤维状；使合金强化的机制为晶粒细化强化、亚结构强化和铝钪锆化合物粒子引起的析出强化。     

快速离子氮化渗氮层相组成和微观组织形貌研究

渗氮件的性能与渗氮层的化合物相组成和扩散层的微观结构密切相关。本文基于渗氮温度和氮势对渗氮层形成与分解的影响规律，借助X射线衍射分析和透射电子显微技术，对循环氮势快速离子氮化渗氮层相组成和微观组织形貌进行了深入研究，探讨了其快速渗氮的机理。结果表明，与常规离子渗氮工艺相比，通过周期地控制渗氮温度和氮势变化，快速离子渗氮不仅能显著地提高渗氮速度和增加材料的渗氮层深，而且使合金氮化物种类明显增多，扩散层中的沉淀硬化物也更细小弥散，有利于改善渗氮层质量和提高渗氮工件性能。     

气泡雾化喷嘴水平喷射特性的研究

研究了一种喷嘴的雾化与流场特性。在喷嘴上游以一定方式将空气或其它种类的气体注入液体中形成两相流动，用水在常温、常压下进行试验。研究了水平喷射时，喷嘴的气体注入方式、气孔大小、锥形收敛段的结构尺寸及气液比对喷嘴雾化和流场特性的影响。试验结果表明，气泡雾化喷嘴水平喷射与竖直向下喷射存在明显的差别，喷射方向不同，喷嘴内的两相流动不同，因而雾化特性不同，收敛段的结构对雾化特性也有影响。该喷嘴的显著特点是在小气液比下可获得较好的雾化效果，因而具有深入研究的价值     

聚合物淬火介质CH-202M在钢铁零件淬火上的基础研究

 聚合物淬火介质冷却金属时于金属表面形成一层聚合物隔离膜,45钢和40Cr钢在不同浓度介质中淬火,可得到比水淬、油淬更大的淬透深度和更小的淬火变形,并可防止淬火开裂。淬火后的组织正常,机械性能符合要求。故表明,此种介质用于钢铁零件淬火非常有效。本文还对使用中的一些管理问题进行了阐明。