爆炸焊接316L不锈钢/Al复合管的界面及性能研究

采用爆炸焊接工艺对316L不锈钢管及铝管进行了爆炸复合.利用SEM,XRD对复合管结合区形貌及相组成进行了研究;测试了复合管的结合强度及过渡区的显微硬度,并进行了径向压扁及弯曲成形试验.结果表明:直线状及波状界面同时存在;过渡区域出现了明显的元素扩散现象并形成了金属间化合物;结合强度为75MPa,过渡区的显微硬度最高;压扁及推弯试验后的复合管未出现分层,制备出的复合管结合性能优异,可以承受大的塑性变形.     

直升机机动飞行新分析方法

提出了一种研究直升机机动飞行新的分析方法.不同于以往研究直升机机动飞行的逆解方法,该方法用若干导航参数来描述机动科目,简化了机动科目的数学描述,通过综合运用导航、控制和直升机飞行动力学方法来确定完成飞行品质规范规定的直升机机动飞行科目所需的操纵量,提高了研究机动飞行的分析计算效率.以UH60直升机为例,分别针对ADS-33E-PRF所规定的障碍滑雪机动科目和向心回转机动科目,得到完成机动科目所需的操纵,结果合理.     

叶片前缘双出口孔射流冷却效率数值模拟

利用数值模拟的方法研究了叶片前缘双出口孔射流冷却效率.该孔型是一种新概念气膜孔.吹风比变化范围为1.0～3.5,主流通道入口湍流度30%.结果表明,圆柱孔射流冷却效率和实验数据吻合较好,随着吹风比增加,单孔射流冷却效率减小.双出口孔有效地改善了叶片前缘冷却效率.吹风比从1.0增加到2.5时,冷却效率显著增加,吹风比为2.5和3.0时的冷却效率没有显著差别,吹风比为3.5时的冷却效率较低.双出口孔射流冷却效率径向分布比较均匀.      

基于统计特征的轴流压气机喘振检测

在分析四种型号轴流压气机36组试验数据的基础上,统计发现压气机出口总压脉动的有效值服从正态分布;有效值及其标准差因机型不同而不同,并随工作转速变化而变化.设计了基于统计特征的自动门限喘振在线检测系统.通过试验验证显示,可在喘振发生时发出报警信号.该方法计算简单,具有较大的工程应用价值.      

Fast Online Approximation for Hard Support Vector Regression and Its Application to Analytical Redundancy for Aeroengines

The hard support vector regression attracts little attention owing to the overfitting phenomenon. Recently, a fast offline method has been proposed to approximately train the hard support vector regression with the generation performance comparable to the soft support vector regression. Based on this achievement, this article advances a fast online approximation called the hard support vector regression (FOAHSVR for short). By adopting the greedy stagewise and iterative strategies, it is capable of online estimating parameters of complicated systems. In order to verify the effectiveness of the FOAHSVR, an FOAHSVR-based analytical redundancy for aeroengines is developed. Experiments on the sensor failure and drift evidence the viability and feasibility of the analytical redundancy for aeroengines together with its base-FOAHSVR. In addition, the FOAHSVR is anticipated to find applications in other scientific-technical fields.     

基于直升机/发动机非线性综合仿真模型的ALQR控制器设计

构建了UH-60A直升机六自由度非定常、非线性气动力模型以及完整的直升机/涡轴发动机非线性综合仿真模型。使用增广LQR方法设计了直升机飞行控制器,包线内大量仿真结果及与 控制器效果的对比表明该控制器解耦性能、指令跟踪性能优越,鲁棒性强。此外,该控制器设计过程简单和调参方便。借助上述综合仿真模型研究了发动机闭环系统与直升机的功率匹配关系,数字仿真表明,发动机能够满足直升机机常规飞行任务下的功率需求,功率涡轮转速下垂量满足直升机飞行操纵品质规范（ADS-33E）的要求。     

Erosion of a Polyimide Material Exposed to Simulated Atomic Oxygen Environment

Oxygen plasma source generated by thermal cathode filament discharge has been used to study the erosion process of polyimide (PI) materials in atomic oxygen (AO) environment, and their mass loss, surface morphology and surface chemical compositions have been examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after exposure to incremental AO flux. The data indicate that the physical adsorption of AO at the samples' surface results in the increase of oxygen concentration when polyimide is exposed to AO flux. Then selective chemical reactions of groups of polyimide materials with AO yield volatile organic compounds, sample mass loss is on linear increase and carpet-like surface morphology forms. In the initial exposure to AO, the reaction occurs mainly between AO and carbon in specific location of aromatic ring, then the reaction rate of C=O groups gradually increases. After AO exposure, the oxygen concentration increases while nitrogen and carbon concentration decreases. Reaction rate of groups containing nitrogen is slower compared with carbon and oxygen.     

Low C/N_0 Carrier Tracking Loop Based on Optimal Estimation Algorithm in GPS Software Receivers

Suppressing jitter noises in a phase locked loop(PLL) is of great importance in order to keep precise and continuous track of global positioning system(GPS) signals characterized by low carrier-to-noise ratio(C/N0).This article proposes and analyzes an improved Kalman-filter-based PLL to process weak carrier signals in GPS software receivers.After reviewing the optimal-bandwidth-based traditional second-order PLL,a Kalman-filter-based estimation algorithm is implemented for the new PLL by decorrelating the model error noises and the measurement noises.Finally,the efficiency of this new Kalman-filter-based PLL is verified by experimental data.Compared to the traditional second-order PLL,this new PLL is in position to make correct estimation of the carrier phase differences and Doppler shifts with less overshoots and noise disturbances and keeps an effective check on the disturbances out of jitter noises in PLL.The results show that during processing normal signals,this improved PLL reduces the standard deviation from 0.010 69 cycle to 0.007 63 cycle,and for weak signal processing,the phase jitter range and the Doppler shifts can be controlled within ±17° and ±5Hz as against ±25° and ±15 Hz by the traditional PLL.     

基于自适应近似法的复合材料先进格栅加筋结构优化设计(英文)

针对复合材料高级格栅加筋结构(AGS)的后屈曲约束优化问题,发展出基于自适应近似法的优化方法。设计将后屈曲考虑入结构的承载能力,比传统的以线性屈曲载荷为极限载荷的设计方法进一步提高结构效率。采用"梁偏移"技术对加筋-蒙皮联结进行有限元建模,并用Newton-Raphson法对AGS的后屈曲响应进行求解。通过少量次数的结构分析建立结构极限载荷的Kriging近似模型,并将之用于优化过程,以显著提高优化工作效率。使用多岛遗传算法运行优化计算,得到问题的全局最优解。针对问题的设计变量取值范围较大的特点,发展出基于自适应近似法的优化方法,计算结果证明该法比一般的基于近似法的优化方法能够显著减少结构分析次数。工作在有限元分析软件MSC.PATRAN/MARC、工程辅助软件iSIGHT中进行,验证了其相关功能,为复合材料AGS结构件的初步设计工具奠定基础。     

A Quadrilateral Element-based Method for Calculation of Multi-scale Temperature Field

In the analysis of functionally graded materials (FGMs), the uncoupled approach is used broadly, which is based on homogenized material property and ignores the effect of local micro-structural interaction. The higher-order theory for FGMs (HOTFGM) is a coupled approach that explicitly takes the effect of micro-structural gradation and the local interaction of the spatially variable inclusion phase into account. Based on the HOTFGM, this article presents a quadrilateral element-based method for the calculation of multi-scale temperature field (QTF). In this method, the discrete cells are quadrilateral including rectangular while the surface-averaged quantities are the primary variables which replace the coefficients employed in the temperature function. In contrast with the HOTFGM, this method improves the efficiency, eliminates the restriction of being rectangular cells and expands the solution scale. The presented results illustrate the efficiency of the QTF and its advantages in analyzing FGMs.