探针测定流场的水动力学问题

研究探针测定水流场针孔压力测量反应时间的影响因素，给出探针测试系统合理参数，分析探针杆水力共振和受水绕流阻力挠曲的影响，提出相应对策，以提高测试精度。     

0.8m 风洞风扇系统的设计和运转

为提高低速风洞的最大风速，根本的措施是设计高转速大功率的风扇系统。风扇系统的设计首先在于有一个良好的设计方法，选择高升阻比的风扇翼型，根据需要恰当地确定设计工况点，合理选择桨叶和反扭导流片的各个参数，如桨毂比、实度、升力系数和圆弧角等。设计中针对已经设计的外形，进行性能计算，可以迅速鉴别设计的优劣，检查是否能满足设计要求，节约研制成本和缩短周期。     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

运载火箭姿态系统自适应神经网络容错控制

针对运载火箭姿态系统跟踪问题,考虑干扰、执行器故障和模型不确定因素的影响,设计了一种基于自适应神经网络的非线性容错控制律。该控制算法结合了连续的终端滑模控制,径向基神经网络和自适应控制方法。首先,基于滑模控制理论,设计了一种快速终端滑模面,保证系统跟踪误差能够在有限时间收敛至零。然后,在终端滑模面基础上,提出了一种基于自适应径向基神经网络估计的终端滑模控制律。利用自适应参数的神经网络逼近系统参数并提高抗干扰性能,采用平滑连续控制策略消除了终端滑模中的颤动现象。通过李雅普诺夫的分析方法证明了闭环系统的收敛性和全局稳定性。采用数值仿真,验证了提出的基于自适应径向基神经网络的终端滑模控制律具有较好的跟踪性能和精度。     

双拦截弹拦截单目标边界型微分对策制导律研究

针对战术弹道导弹、高超声速巡航导弹和无人飞行器等新型具有高机动性能的防空目标,为提高成功拦截的概率,采用多枚拦截弹进行拦截。应用微分对策理论,将双拦截弹拦截单目标的末段制导问题建模为“二对一追踪-逃逸”对策模型。考虑最大加速度约束,研究了两枚拦截弹的拦截空间分解和对策空间分布,并通过仿真研究了制导律性能。结果表明：采用两枚拦截弹拦截时,脱靶量对目标机动方向的转变时间具有很好的鲁棒性。     

双模GNSS接收机中可重构FFT处理器设计

在双模GNSS接收机中,GPS和BD2卫星的PN码长度不同,造成接收机中的捕获通道不能通用。提出一种可重构的FFT实现方法,利用1024点FFT以及可复用的基2/基4处理单元组成可重构FFT,实现2048点FFT或4096点FFT,使得接收机能够利用同一个FFT模块捕获GPS信号或BD信号,从而节省了接收机的硬件资源。同时可通过复用FFT的方法共用捕获通道,为提高捕获速度和精度提供硬件基础。     

焊接过程电信号在线监测研究现状及发展趋势

详细介绍了各种在线监测和分析方法在焊接过程电信号监测以及焊接质量评估中的应用，分析每一种在线监测方法的特点和焊接质量方面的应用现状。对各种在线监测方法在焊接质量监测中应用的发展趋势进行了分析和预测。     

Improved ZCS-PWM commutation cell for IGBTs application

An improved zero-current-switching pulsewidth-modulated (ZCS-PWM) commutation cell is presented, which is suitable for high-power applications using insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) as the power switches. It provides ZCS operation for active switches and zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) operation for passive switches. Besides operating at constant frequency and reducing commutation losses, the proposed ZCS-PWM switch cell has no additional current stress and conduction loss in the main switch. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed ZCS-PWM commutation cell, it was applied to a boost converter. Operating principle, theoretical analysis, design guidelines, and a design example are described and verified by experiment results obtained from a prototype rated 1 kW and operating at 40 kHz. The PWM switch model and state-space averaging approach is also used to estimate and examine the steady-state and dynamic character of ZCS-PWM boost converter system. Finally, the application of the proposed soft-switching technique in the dc-dc nonisolated converters is presented.     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.