径向入射激波聚焦实验和数值模拟研究

为得到不同入射激波马赫数对凹腔内径向入射激波聚焦过程的影响,对马赫数为1.25和2.18的径向入射激波在实验段内反射聚焦的过程进行了实验和数值模拟研究。用高速CCD拍摄了凹腔中气流流场的纹影图片,并采用保持强稳定性的龙格—库塔格式、加权基本无振荡算法和块结构动态自适应网格加密对激波反射聚焦的过程进行了数值模拟,实验和数值模拟结果吻合较好。复杂的激波形状及其之间的相互作用(如激波反射,激波聚焦和不同激波的相互作用)在实验和数值模拟中都能很好地观测到。通过比较不同马赫数入射激波的反射聚焦过程,发现较高的马赫数下聚焦后能产生射流,而较低的马赫数下却没有。同时发现,入射激波马赫数能影响二次激波出现的位置和强度,进而影响聚焦过程流场的紊乱程度。     

导流块深度对抛物形凹面腔中激波反射聚焦的影响

为研究导流块深度对抛物形凹面腔内径向入射激波聚焦过程的影响,对马赫数为1.41的径向入射激波在导流块深度分别为0,5,10,15mm的凹面腔内反射聚焦过程进行了实验研究。结合高速CCD拍摄到的凹面腔中气流流场纹影照片和动态压力传感器测得的聚焦过程中流场的压力变化,对径向入射激波在凹面腔内的反射聚焦过程进行了描述。通过比较不同导流块深度下激波反射聚焦过程,发现随着导流块深度的加深,前导激波聚焦和反射激波聚焦的时间差会减小,使激波聚焦的强度增大,当导流块深度从0mm增加到15mm时,激波聚焦所致的峰值压力从0.39MPa增加到0.51MPa。但是,随着导流块深度的加深,压力增益下降,并使排气过程的难度加大,因此导流块深度为10mm左右时能取得较好的聚焦效果。     

AutoCAD环境下图形参数化实现方法研究

在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ图形环境下，基于对图形理解的策略，通过数据库中图形实体数据的分析和图形之间约束关系的推理，判断其中图形实体和尺寸实体的关系，并参照机械制图的隐含约束关系，建立图形和尺寸之间的联系，最后基于约束联系，生成ＡｕｔｏＬＩＳＰ参数化绘图程序，避免了人工编程，由此实现了图形的参数化，提高了绘图效率和ＣＡＤ技术的应用水平。     

Effect of Dimensions on the Efficiency of Radiant Energy Cells

This paper deals with the enhancement of the quantum efficiency and photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency of a p-n semiconducting cell by optimizing the dimensions of the cell. Based on the Shockley-Read statistics a general expression for the quantum efficiency of monochromatic incident radiant energy photons has been derived in terms of the absorption coefficient of the incident photons, the minority carrier diffusion length, the built-in electrostatic field appearing in diffused cells, and the surface recombination velocity in the exposed layer of the cell. Although the expressions derived may be used for all semiconducting p-n cells, special efforts have been made in the analysis and computations of the germanium p-n cell. The germanium cells show a great potential for photovoltaic energy conversion from radiant sources other than the sun. The results for germanium indicate that the quantum efficiency strongly depends upon the thicknesses of the exposed and base layers. The built-in electrostatic field and the surface recombination velocity in the exposed layer influence the quantum efficiency greatly. Optimization studies for the thicknesses of the exposed and base layers of an n-p type germanium for different values of minority carrier diffusion length, built-in electrostatic field, and surface recombination velocity have been worked out.     

声强测量的有效性分析及其在国产轻型飞机上的应用

本文对声强测量的有效性作了较全面分析，为精确的声测量奠定了基础。分析结果应用于某型飞机的声强测量中，为该型飞机的降噪工作提供了可靠的数据来源。     

浅谈高校贫困生心理突出问题及解决对策

高校贫困生是一个弱势群体，他们的思想状况比较复杂。不仅承受着经济和精神的双重压力，而且物质的贫困导致的自卑等种种心态也难以适度，从而使一些贫困生在思想认识和心理上存在着严重误区。本论文主要对高校贫困生心理突出问题进行分析，并且提出相应的解决对策。     

基于DSM的航天器信息建模方法及应用

将设计结构矩阵（DSM）技术应用于航天器研制的设计流程建模和信息建模,能够清晰准确地描述航天器各设计活动之间的信息耦合关系。根据航天器设计过程中跨分系统集成和协同设计的具体教学与培训需求,开发了一种基于DSM进行建模的工具软件,可用于建立一个基于设计参数信息的集成设计系统。根据其内在耦合关联关系,可实现各个分系统、各个模块、各个学科的参数信息一致和动态关联更新。     

Sliding mode control based guidance law with impact angle constraint

The terminal guidance problem for an unpowered lifting reentry vehicle against a sta- tionary target is considered. In addition to attacking the target with high accuracy, the vehicle is also expected to achieve a desired impact angle. In this paper, a sliding mode control （SMC）-based guidance law is developed to satisfy the terminal angle constraint. Firstly, a specific sliding mode function is designed, and the terminal requirements can be achieved by enforcing both the sliding mode function and its derivative to zero at the end of the flight. Then, a backstepping approach is used to ensure the finite-time reaching phase of the sliding mode and the analytic expression of the control effort can be obtained. The trajectories generated by this method only depend on the initial and terminal conditions of the terminal phase and the instantaneous states of the vehicle. In order to test the performance of the proposed guidance law in practical application, numerical simulations are carried out by taking all the aerodynamic parameters into consideration. The effec- tiveness of the proposed guidance law is verified by the simulation results in various scenarios.     

Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.