一种自适应控制增稳方案的实时仿真研究

 本文介绍一种侧向自适应控制增稳方案的实时数模混合仿真研究工作。内容包括软件设计编制和系统试验分析。研究结果表明:系统软件设计合理,运算精度高,稳定可靠;自适应控制增稳方案具有良好的自适应功能;带有该系统的飞机飞行品质满足MIL-F-8785C和MIL-F-9490C的要求。文章在最后指出了今后研究工作的方向和应解决的问题。     

利用κ—ε湍流能量闭合方法对城市街渠内气流结构的模拟

利用非静力、能量闭合的大气边界层模式分别绎二维情况下不同高宽比的街渠内部的气流结构和三维情况下城市街渠在来流方向不同的条件下的内部气流结构进行了数值模拟。并且对三维情况下街渠的上风向建筑物顶部的风向与街渠中心近地面的风向之间的关系和街渠内部上层的风向与街渠中心近地面的风向之间的关系进行了模拟研究，将这些结果与G T Johnson等人的现场观测和模式模拟结果进行了比较，表明两者有较好的一致性。     

转动惯量测量研究的进展及展望

对转动惯量测量的研究情况作了综述,对三线摆法、扭摆法、落体法等转动惯量测量方法的测量原理及其优缺点进行了总结,介绍了针对以上缺点的一种新的测量方法,预测该方法将代表转动惯量测量的发展方向。     

Application of the Mars Organic Analyzer to nucleobase and amine biomarker detection

The Mars Organic Analyzer (MOA), a portable microfabricated capillary electrophoresis instrument being developed for planetary exploration, is used to analyze a wide variety of fluorescamine-labeled amine-containing biomarker compounds, including amino acids, mono and diaminoalkanes, amino sugars, nucleobases, and nucleobase degradation products. The nucleobases cytosine and adenine, which contain an exocyclic primary amine, were effectively labeled, separated, and detected at concentrations <500 nM. To test the general applicability of the MOA for biomarker detection, amino acids and mono- and diamines were extracted from bacterial cells using both hydrolysis and sublimation followed by analysis. The extrapolated limit of detection provided by the valine biomarker was approximately 4 x 10(3) cells per sample. Products of an NH(4)CN polymerization that simulate a prebiotic synthesis were also successfully isolated via sublimation and analyzed. Adenine and alanine/serine were detected with no additional sample cleanup at 120 +/- 13 microM and 4.1 +/- 1 microM, respectively, corresponding to a reaction yield of 0.04% and 0.0003%, respectively. This study demonstrates that the MOA provides sensitive detection and analysis of low levels of a wide variety of amine-containing organic compounds from both biological and abiotic sources.     

交互多模型PHD滤波跟踪多目标方法

在机动多目标跟踪问题中,目标数未知或随时间而变化,概率假设密度（PHD）滤波可以在每一时间步估计多目标状态和目标数,但单模型方法不能给出精确的估计。提出了一种交互多模型PHD滤波方法,建立多模型描述多目标运动方式,利用PHD滤波结合多模型跟踪目标运动轨迹。同时,给出了多传感器交互多模型PHD滤波方法,以提高目标跟踪精度。     

基于时频域转换及雨流法的电子设备随机振动概率疲劳损伤预测

针对电子设备随机振动疲劳损伤存在高度的不确定性问题,提出了一种基于频时域转换及雨流法的概率疲劳损伤预测方法,用于预测某航空电子设备在特定随机振动载荷条件下的疲劳损伤分布。通过采用“等效单元谱”近似计算,本文提出的方法能够在短时间内给出电子设备的损伤概率分布,且计算得到的疲劳寿命均值与试验结果吻合较好。因此在开展复杂功率谱密度（Power spectral density, PSD）载荷谱作用下的随机振动疲劳损伤计算时,具有计算效率高、工程适应性强等优势。     

基于空谱融合特征主动学习的高光谱图像分类

针对高光谱图像分类过程中存在的样本量少和分类精度低的问题,提出一种基于空谱融合特征主动学习的高光谱图像分类方法。主要包括构造三通道图像,全卷积网络提取空间特征,空谱特征结合,主动学习方法选择训练样本几个部分。通过结合像素的光谱特性和相邻像素间的空间关联,提取出可以反映像素空谱联合特性的综合特征,提高了像素特征的表达能力。为克服高光谱图像标注数据少、缺乏训练样本的问题,应用主动学习算法,充分选择更具有代表性的样本进行训练,达到少样本情况下较高的分类正确率。通过在标准数据集上进行实验,结果表明:该方法可以达到在总样本数1%作训练样本的情况下,分类正确率达到99.79%,优于传统的高光谱分类算法。     

基于时程卷积自编码的机翼绕流特征识别方法

机翼周围的流动状态直接影响其受力特性,流动特征的识别与分析对保证机翼的气动力研究尤为关键。基于空间流场参数的流动特征识别结果受主观阈值影响大;基于流场快照数据的流动特征分析难以完整表征流场的时变特征,且大范围的流场快照获取难度大,因而其实用性受限。本文基于流场时程数据的低维表征模型提出了无监督自动编码的流场时程特征识别方法。采用深度学习技术充分挖掘时程信号中的隐含的流动特征,建立流场时程数据的低维表征模型;进一步对低维的表征编码进行分析,将包含不同时序特征的测点样本进行特征聚类,实现了基于空间点时程数据的流场特征提取与识别。通过对NACA0012翼型的流场进行特征提取与分析验证了所得流动特征低维表征的准确性,实现了基于流场时程数据的流动分离区自动识别。本文可为相关流场特征提取、特征分析和特征表征等问题的研究提供新的方法与参考。     

防风网对煤堆遮风效果的风洞实验研究

为了考察防风网对堆场煤堆的遮风效果,进行了防风网与煤堆之间区域的流场可视化实验。使用风洞模拟大气边界层条件,并将开孔率为38．5％的防风网模型布置在煤堆模型前方。实验中采用粒子成像测速（PIV）系统测量了防风网和堆场区域的平均风速分布,并且获得了煤堆表面的摩擦风速分布,进一步估算煤堆起尘量的变化情况。实验发现,防风网可有效降低煤堆表面迎风区域的摩擦风速,而对背风面的流场分布影响较小。研究结果可为防风网的遮护作用提供一定的实验支持。     

Modeled microgravity increases filamentation, biofilm formation, phenotypic switching, and antimicrobial resistance in Candida albicans

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for a variety of cutaneous and systemic human infections. Virulence of C. albicans increases upon exposure to some environmental stresses; therefore, we explored phenotypic responses of C. albicans following exposure to the environmental stress of low-shear modeled microgravity. Upon long-term (12-day) exposure to low-shear modeled microgravity, C. albicans transitioned from yeast to filamentous forms at a higher rate than observed under control conditions. Consistently, genes associated with cellular morphology were differentially expressed in a time-dependent manner. Biofilm communities, credited with enhanced resistance to environmental stress, formed in the modeled microgravity bioreactor and had a more complex structure than those formed in control conditions. In addition, cells exposed to low-shear modeled microgravity displayed phenotypic switching, observed as a near complete transition from smooth to "hyper" irregular wrinkle colony morphology. Consistent with the presence of biofilm communities and increased rates of phenotypic switching, cells exposed to modeled microgravity were significantly more resistant to the antifungal agent Amphotericin B. Together, these data indicate that C. albicans adapts to the environmental stress of low-shear modeled microgravity by demonstrating virulence-associated phenotypes.