基于混合遗传算法的多冲量最优变轨

针对航天器多冲量最优变轨问题,建立了多冲量最优变轨的数值优化模型,给出了一种遗传算法(GA)与序列二次规划算法(SQP)结合的混合优化算法.该算法不需初值猜测,全局和局部搜索能力强并且计算效率高.仿真计算了燃料最优交会和时间最短拦截问题,比较了GA,SQP以及混合遗传算法的性能.针对混合遗传算法得到的不同冲量次数变轨的优化结果,分析了冲量次数对变轨性能指标的影响.结果表明混合遗传算法综合性能最高,冲量次数对不同性能指标的影响不同.仿真算例验证了模型和算法的有效性.     

熔体混熔制备Si相增强Al-8wt．％Si合金

采用熔体混熔方法结合挤压铸造制备了Al—8wt．％Si合金。利用SEM、DSC、TEM和力学性能测试等分析手段研究了合金的组织及性能。结果显示,通过将高温的A1-30％Si合金熔体和低温的工业纯铝金属液混和,凝固形成的亚共晶成份Al.08wt．％Si合金中含有3％左右的细小初生si相。与传统熔体变质处理后制备Al．8wt．％Si合金的相比,经初生Si相增强的Al—Si合金拉伸强度达到185MPa,抗弯强度达到437MPa,分别提高15％和19％,同时延伸率增加近1倍达到6．7％。     

反推发动机失效模式对返回舱着陆姿态的影响分析

以稳定下降阶段的降落伞-返回舱系统的动力学模型为基础,针对反推发动机不同的失效模式,建立了4种返回舱反推力模型,通过计算获知了4种返回舱着陆角和速度的变化情况,计算结果可为反推发动机失效情况下被动缓冲装置的设计输入提供参考,同时也可为返回舱着陆安全性评估和制定故障预案提供一定的参考。     

温度条件对碳纤维上浆剂与双马树脂反应及其复合材料界面粘结的影响

为了研究工艺温度对复合材料界面的调控作用,设计采用三阶段固化工艺(即扩散、固化和后固化),考察了不同温度制度下3种碳纤维/双马树脂(BMI)复合材料界面粘结性能的变化规律。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)深入分析了上浆剂对纤维表面粗糙度和化学特性的影响,研究了上浆剂的反应活性及其与双马树脂的反应性,采用微珠脱粘方法测试了碳纤维/树脂的界面剪切强度(IFSSs)。结果表明,200℃处理2h后3种碳纤维上浆剂均发生部分反应,并且170℃,2h后上浆剂均与双马树脂发生化学反应。对比不同温度条件可以发现后固化阶段对碳纤维/双马体系的界面剪切强度影响显著,未经后固化的复合材料界面性能最低;110℃和140℃恒温扩散阶段对碳纤维/双马体系的界面剪切强度的影响不明显。同种温度条件下,CF1和CF3上浆剂与双马树脂的反应程度高于CF2,相应的CF1和CF3与双马树脂的界面剪切强度较高,表明上浆剂与双马树脂间的化学反应程度是影响其界面粘结性能的主要因素。该研究结果对我国碳纤维上浆剂的研制具有参考价值。     

A closed-form solution for moving source localization using LBI changing rate of phase difference only

Due to the deficiencies in the conventional multiple-receiver localization systems based on direction of arrival(DOA) such as system complexity of interferometer or array and amplitude/phase unbalance between multiple receiving channels and constraint on antenna configuration,a new radiated source localization method using the changing rate of phase difference(CRPD)measured by a long baseline interferometer(LBI) only is studied. To solve the strictly nonlinear problem, a two-stage closed-form solution is proposed. In the first stage, the DOA and its changing rate are estimated from the CRPD of each observer by the pseudolinear least square(PLS) method,and then in the second stage, the source position and velocity are found by another PLS minimization. The bias of the algorithm caused by the correlation between the measurement matrix and the noise in the second stage is analyzed. To reduce this bias, an instrumental variable(IV) method is derived. A weighted IV estimator is given in order to reduce the estimation variance. The proposed method does not need any initial guess and the computation is small. The Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) and mean square error(MSE) are also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be close to the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

Optimization of beamforming and path planning for UAV-assisted wireless relay networks

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs） acting as relay platforms have attracted considerable attention due to the advantages of extending coverage and improving connectivity for long-range communications. Specifically, in the scenario where the access point （AP） is mobile, a UAV needs to find an efficient path to guarantee the connectivity of the relay link. Motivated by this fact, this paper proposes an optimal design for beamforming （BF） and UAV path planning. First of all, we study a dual-hop amplify-and-forward （AF） wireless relay network, in which a UAV is used as relay between a mobile AP and a fixed base station （BS）. In the network, both of the AP and the BS are equipped with multiple antennas, whereas the UAV has a single antenna. Then, we obtain the output signal~to-noise ratio （SNR） of the dual-hop relay network. Based on the criterion of maximizing the output SNR, we develop an optimal design to obtain the solution of the optimal BF weight vector and the UAV heading angle. Next, we derive the closed-form outage probability （OP） expression to investigate the performance of the dual-hop relay network conveniently. Finally, computer simulations show that the proposed approach can obtain nearly optimal flying path and OP performance, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, we find that increasing the antenna number at the BS or the maximal heading angle can significantly improve the performance of the considered relay network.     

基于自适应粒子滤波的涡扇发动机故障诊断

针对涡扇发动机非线性、非高斯的特点,提出了一种自适应的粒子滤波算法用于涡扇发动机气路部件突变故障的诊断.为了减小算法的计算量并且保证滤波精度,分析了滤波精度和样本数目的关系,提出根据滤波过程中状态的方差自适应地调整粒子数,在保证一定的滤波精度下可以有效地减少滤波过程中使用的粒子数,提高了算法的实时性.同时,引入扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)用于更新粒子,产生重要概率密度函数,在一定程度上避免了粒子的退化.通过某型涡扇发动机的仿真分析表明:改进的算法相比标准粒子滤波算法用于涡扇发动机气路部件故障诊断时,参数估计的方均根误差减小了50%左右,且算法的计算量减小了30%.     

激光诱导碳等离子体在强激光冲击合成金刚石微晶中的作用

通过对Ｒａｍａｎ光谱及激光诱发碳等离子体的进一步分析研究，讨论了强激光冲击合成金刚石微晶过程中碳等离子体的作用机制。碳等离子体可视为高活性、高动能碳粒子集团，其对石墨相的作用同时包括能量传输和质量传输两个过程，因此碳等离子体在促进石墨相结构畸变、结构重组乃至相变方面起到了重要的作用；从能量阈值角度分析了碳等离子体与石墨相之间的四种磁撞类型，并据此对Ｒａｍａｎ谱线随激光功率密度的变化规律提出了较为合