液体火箭发动机诱导轮空化热力学效应研究

为了研究空化热力学效应,以模型诱导轮为研究对象,改变流量、水温等条件,对其内部空化流动进行了可视化实验研究,完整记录了从空化初生至性能断裂点各工况的空化区形态。结果表明:温度对诱导轮无空化水力性能没有显著影响,但是高温下诱导轮的空化性能断裂点被显著延后,体现了热力学效应的影响。对比不同温度下的空化区形态,发现热力学效应的强弱与流动工况密切相关,在小空化数下体现得更为显著。同时引入一种半经验的理论模型预测热效应对空化性能的影响,小流量(Φ=0.071)下预测结果与实验结果平均偏差为5.5%,大流量(Φ=0.088)下平均偏差为10.8%,验证了模型在本文应用条件下的可靠性。     

基于正交优化设计的诱导轮空化性能研究

为了研究不同结构因素对诱导轮空化性能的影响及主次顺序,基于正交优化设计,采用数值模拟的方法,通过诱导轮可视化试验进行验证,对某型诱导轮及其改型进行了分析。仿真计算得到的不同空化数下空穴形态与实验结果吻合较好,断裂空化数的计算结果与实验结果误差为0.3%。仿真及实验结果表明,诱导轮发生扬程断裂不仅与空穴区占流道体积的大小有关,还与空穴区在流道中分布的位置有关,空穴区位置越靠后,越容易发生扬程断裂;对诱导轮空化性能及水力效率影响最大的结构因素为入口安放角,其次为入口修圆包角;入口等螺距段长度和变螺距段长度较小时可以提高诱导轮的空化性能。     

环下润滑结构对径向收油环收油效率影响的数值计算研究

为研究环下供油润滑系统中的流动过程和收油环收油效率的影响因素及其影响规律,基于VOF(Volume of fluid)两相流模型和滑移网格模型的数值计算方法,建立了环下润滑系统内部流场的计算模型。通过数值计算,获得了收油环的收油效率并验证了数值计算结果的有效性,分析和探讨了不同结构参数对收油效率的影响。计算结果表明:利用本文数值计算方法得到的收油效率和流动现象与已有实验和数值计算结果均一致;供油喷嘴角度和收油环外径均主要影响滑油射流冲击收油叶片的飞溅量和收油叶片切割滑油量,收油效率取决于二者的相对大小,θ=0°,θ=9°和r0=2mm,r0=6mm时收油效率取极大值;收油叶片数量和供油喷嘴与收油叶片间距离分别影响收油叶片切割滑油射流的时间间隔和滑油射流在到达收油叶片前的流动,不影响滑油射流冲击收油叶片的飞溅量和收油叶片切割滑油射流的量,对收油效率的影响较小。     

On the convergence of iterative methods for bearings-only tracking

This paper deals with the analysis of the convergence of iterative methods for bearings only tracking (BOT). A geometric and unified framework is developed. Explicit sufficient conditions ensuring convergence of iterative methods for maximization of the likelihood functional are then derived     

A residual based adaptive unscented Kalman filter for fault recovery in attitude determination system of microsatellites

This paper presents an adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) to recover the satellite attitude in a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) subsystem of microsatellites. The FDD subsystem includes a filter and an estimator with residual generators, hypothesis tests for fault detections and a reference logic table for fault isolations and fault recovery. The recovery process is based on the monitoring of mean and variance values of each attitude sensor behaviors from residual vectors. In the case of normal work, the residual vectors should be in the form of Gaussian white noise with zero mean and fixed variance. When the hypothesis tests for the residual vectors detect something unusual by comparing the mean and variance values with dynamic thresholds, the AUKF with real-time updated measurement noise covariance matrix will be used to recover the sensor faults. The scheme developed in this paper resolves the problem of the heavy and complex calculations during residual generations and therefore the delay in the isolation process is reduced. The numerical simulations for TSUBAME, a demonstration microsatellite of Tokyo Institute of Technology, are conducted and analyzed to demonstrate the working of the AUKF and FDD subsystem.     

Bearings-only tracking for maneuvering sources

Classical bearings-only target-motion analysis (TMA) is restricted to sources with constant motion parameters (usually position and velocity). However, most interesting sources have maneuvering abilities, thus degrading the performance of classical TMA. In the passive sonar context a long-time source-observer encounter is realistic, so the source maneuver possibilities may be important in regard to the source and array baseline. This advocates for the consideration and modeling of the whole source trajectory including source maneuver uncertainty. With that aim, a convenient framework is the hidden Markov model (HMM). A basic idea consists of a two-levels discretization of the state-space. The probabilities of position transition are deduced from the probabilities of velocity transitions which, themselves, are directly related to the source maneuvering capability. The source state sequence estimation is achieved by means of classical dynamic programming (DP). This approach does not require any prior information relative to the source maneuvers. However, the probabilistic nature of the source trajectory confers a major role to the optimization of the observer maneuvers. This problem is then solved by using the general framework of the Markov decision process (MDP)     

推进剂微重力加注稳定性仿真分析

针对表面张力贮箱的空间补给,分析了其中的加注稳定性问题,并用FLUENTVOF模型对其进行仿真模拟.分析表明微重力下推进剂加注极易发生不稳定的气液混合现象,需要对加注流量进行控制,或者在贮箱内部增加挡板结构以消减入口液体的动量.     

The Solar Sail Materials (SSM) project – Status of activities

SSM (Solar Sail Materials) is an on-going project for the European Space Agency (ESA) relying on past and recent European solar sail design projects. It aims at developing and testing future technologies suitable for large, operational solar sailcrafts.     

固有模态函数（IMF）积检测器——以低信噪比情况下超宽带雷达信号检测为例

首次提出了一种固有模态函数积检测器。首先通过经验模式分解（EMD）把带噪信号分解成有限个固有模态函数（IMF）。检测的基本思路是，对各个IMF分量的绝对值作逐点乘积，用于抑制噪声并凸现信号，最后进行滤波和判决。本文以UWB信号为例，数据源于UWB雷达实验系统。在低信噪比（SNR），UWB脉冲与噪声波形相似，且噪声概率密度函数（PDF）未知情况下，进行实验。结果表明，当峰峰信噪比低于5dB时，该检测器性能优于Teager能量算子（TEO）。     

Target motion analysis with multiple arrays: performance analysis

The performance analysis of source trajectory estimation using measurements provided by multiple platforms (or arrays) is studied. In numerous practical situations, the maneuvering ability of the receiver (e.g., a ship towing linear arrays) is limited, leading to the assumption that the observer motion is rectilinear and uniform. Even if this hypothesis appears quite restrictive, practical and tactical considerations fully justify its interest. This leads to consider multiple (platform) target motion analysis (denoted MTMA) and to analyze the performance of such trajectory estimation methods