纤维增强树脂基复合材料激光切割热影响探析

作为一类典型难加工材料，实现以碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP）、芳纶纤维增强树脂基复合材料(AFRP）为代表的纤维增强树脂基复合材料(FRP）的高精密、高质量加工是业界的追求目标。初探了激光脉冲宽度、波长对于典型FRP切割边缘热影响区的影响规律，比较了不同FRP材料精密切割对于激光参数需求的异同。发现纳秒激光、连续激光等传统激光因加工热效应明显而不适合精密切割，而皮秒激光、飞秒激光等超快激光可以实现热影响区宽度仅0.01mm~0.1mm量级的高质量切割，且热影响区宽度几乎不依赖于脉冲宽度；缩短超快激光波长有利于减小AFRP材料的热影响区宽度，但对于CFRP材料则不明显。考虑到高功率皮秒激光一般比对应的飞秒激光更经济，可使用倍频后得到的短波长皮秒激光实现对AFRP的精密切割，对于CFRP则考虑本征波长的皮秒激光即可。     

The influence of orbital maneuver on autonomous orbit determination of an extended satellite navigation constellation

The right ascension of the ascending node is unobservable if only the inter-satellite ranging is used for autonomous orbit determination (AOD) of an Earth navigation constellation. However, if an Earth-Moon libration point satellite is added to the Earth navigation constellation to construct an extended navigation constellation, all the orbital elements can be determined with only the inter-satellite ranging. Furthermore, the extended navigation constellation can provide navigation information for interplanetary probes. For such an extended navigation constellation, orbital control needs to be considered due to the instability of the libration-point satellite orbit. This study concerns the influence of satellite orbital maneuver on the AOD of the extended navigation constellation. An AOD method under orbital maneuver is proposed. A low thrust controller is designed to achieve libration point satellite autonomous orbit maintenance by using AOD results. A navigation constellation consisting of three GPS satellites and one libration point satellite are designed for simulation. The simulation results show that libration point satellites can achieve autonomous navigation and autonomous orbit maintenance by only using inter-satellite ranging information. The rotation drift error of the Earth navigation constellation is also suppressed.     

基于落点预测的高旋火箭弹弹道修正算法

高旋火箭弹的修正控制是基于等效力实现的二维弹道修正控制，由于弹体存在陀螺进动和马格努斯效应，在控制力作用下产生的附加攻角引起的升力与控制力的矢量合为等效力，其大小与方向在控制过程中不断变化，不能简单根据偏差量（修正量）的比例关系来确定控制力的方向。基于此，分析了控制力与等效力的关系，提出了一种基于弹道落点预测的控制算法。首先利用弹道落点预测模型实时预测落点与目标的偏差量，然后利用小扰动法构造偏差量对控制量的敏感系数矩阵，通过偏差量与敏感系数矩阵解算出纵、横两个方向的需用控制量。采用修正前后速度矢量的位置关系得到控制量的合矢量及其方位角，并利用控制量的合矢量与等效力计算出控制周期，在控制周期内按照等效力方位角调整控制力的方向实现对高旋火箭弹的精确控制，解决了非线性耦合问题。仿真结果表明该算法具有较高的控制精度，为工程应用提供理论依据。     

我国计量行业法规政策和发展趋势分析

计量是实现单位统一、保证量值准确可靠的活动，关系国家安全、国计民生。为夯实计量基础、提升计量能力，抓住计量事业发展的新机遇，本文从行业法规政策、计量发展趋势等方面开展相关研究，为从事计量管理和技术研究工作的人员提供参考。     

Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Rolling Element Bearings Based on Different Degradation Stages and Particle Filter

A method is proposed to improve the accuracy of remaining useful life prediction for rolling element bearings,based on a state space model(SSM)with different degradation stages and a particle filter. The model is improved by a method based on the Paris formula and the Foreman formula allowing the establishment of different degradation stages. The remaining useful life of rolling element bearings can be predicted by the adjusted model with inputs of physical data and operating status information. The late operating trend is predicted by the use of the particle filter algorithm. The rolling bearing full life experimental data validate the proposed method. Further,the prediction result is compared with the single SSM and the Gamma model,and the results indicate that the predicted accuracy of the proposed method is higher with better practicability.     

基于螺旋理论的环形桁架式可展天线构型综合

基于螺旋理论针对环形桁架式可展天线机构的构型综合问题进行研究，首先概述基于螺旋理论的约束综合法，然后分析环形桁架可展天线机构的收展原理，将环形桁架机构分为上下环形边两部分，通过综合环形边机构并连接上下环形边便可得到环形桁架机构；采用移动副(P)来描述各个节点花盘的运动特性，通过基于螺旋理论的约束综合法针对环形边支链机构进行分析与综合，得到了16种约束支链机构，通过分析与优选得到了两种约束支链机构；采用综合得到的约束支链机构组合得到了环形边链路机构并通过连接组合与推演得到了四种环形桁架可展开机构；最后针对综合得到的四种环形桁架机构在Solidworks软件中进行了三维建模与运动仿真，校验了各机构的可展性。本文的研究为可展天线机构的构型综合提供了一种新思路，综合得到的几种环形桁架机构在空间可展开天线领域具有较好的应用前景。     

激光陀螺捷联惯导系统旋转调制技术综述

激光陀螺旋转调制技术是一种系统级误差自补偿技术，能够有效调制陀螺和加速度计的误差，提高导航系统的精度。首先分析了旋转调制型捷联惯导系统的基本原理和类型，然后从转位方案的编排、惯性测量单元旋转速度和转停时间的选取、旋转机构的导航解算、旋转机构的误差分析、载体角运动隔离等多方面，对激光陀螺旋转调制技术进行了综述，并探讨了我国旋转调制技术的重点研究方向，提出了合理的建议。     

基于视景仿真的引战配合效率评估方法

针对舰空导弹飞行试验中导弹引战配合性能难以直接观测,以及靶标与典型作战对象差异较大的问题,提出了一种基于视景仿真的引战配合效率评估方法,实现了导弹对典型目标的引战配合效率评估。基于某型舰空导弹引战系统的工作原理,建立了引信启动模型、战斗部毁伤模型和目标毁伤效果评估模型,实现了对典型目标引战配合及毁伤的定量分析。仿真模型经过靶试飞行试验数据检验,仿真结果与实际靶试结果基本吻合,仿真模型得到了有效验证。所提供的毁伤评估手段可为导弹性能鉴定及导弹对防空体系贡献度提供参考依据,对后续靶场开展相关舰空导弹试验鉴定具有借鉴意义。     

Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Attitude Control Scheme for Spacecraft with Actuator Faults

An active fault tolerant control scheme is investigated for the attitude control systems of spacecraft with external disturbance and actuator faults by using the sliding mode technique. Firstly,the dynamic equations and kinematic equations of spacecraft are given. For the dynamic mode of spacecraft in faulty case,a fault diagnosis component is used for fault detection and estimation by using a nonlinear observer. According to the fault estimation information obtained during the fault diagnosis,the fault tolerant control scheme is developed by adopting the backstepping sliding mode control technique. Meanwhile,the Lyapunov theory is used to analyze the stability of the closed-loop attitude systems. Finally,simulation results for the attitude dynamics models show the feasibility of the proposed fault tolerant scheme.