一种改进的RatSLAM仿生导航算法

RatSLAM 是模拟鼠类感知环境机制提出的一种定位与构图的导航算法, 算 法的提出者利用该方法成功地进行了66km 的车载试验。在机器人导航领域,RatSLAM 是非常优秀的纯视觉仿生导航算法。然而,该算法完全依赖视觉信息,在复杂的环境中 存在可靠性低、导航精度不高的问题。在RatSLAM 的基础上引入光学双轴速度传感器和 MIMU 信息, 建立了融合光学双轴速度传感器和MIMU 信息的航位推算模型, 对Rat- SLAM 仿生导航算法进行了合理改进,搭建了硬件系统并进行了动态车载实验。实测结 果表明改进的仿生导航算法环境适应性更强、导航精度更高。     

旋转调制光纤陀螺惯导寻北精度探索

高精度寻北是旋转调制光纤陀螺惯导实现高精度导航的前提,也是其技术优势的体现。针对当前旋转调制光纤陀螺惯导在快速高精度寻北中遇到的问题,对其寻北精度极限进行了深入研究,梳理出4项最主要的影响因素,对其影响机理、误差模型、量级进行了深入的分析,并通过样机试验进行了验证。结果表明,尽管随机游走系数是制约寻北精度极限的最终因素,但陀螺刻度系数误差、扰动速度、航向效应等误差处理不好,将严重影响旋转调制寻北精度;通过采取措施,高精度光纤陀螺旋转调制惯导5min寻北精度已达到35″(3σ),进一步提高精度的措施正在研究中。     

高速飞行器空腔脉动压力主动控制与非线性数值模拟

空腔脉动压力(空腔噪声)预测是高速飞行器内埋弹舱的关键技术之一。非线性噪声求解方法是近年来新提出的一种噪声求解方法,为研究该方法对空腔噪声的预测性能,将雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程与之相结合。首先,通过RANS求解空腔周围流场,得到初始湍流统计平均解,其中包含平均流场基本特征及强制设定的湍流脉动的统计描述。然后,采用非线性噪声求解方法重构噪声源并高精度模拟压力脉动的传播,计算了马赫数Ma=1.5和Ma=5条件下的空腔噪声。结果表明,噪声特性计算值与试验结果基本吻合,说明非线性噪声求解方法对于高速空腔流动噪声具有较好的预测能力。在此基础上,研究了马赫数Ma=1.5和Ma=5条件下在空腔前缘加入气帘喷流主动控制措施对噪声的抑制作用,并得出在超声速和高超声速条件下,气帘喷流对于空腔脉动压力都有较好的抑制作用。     

考虑约束的机载导弹导轨发射数值模拟

采用计算流体动力学和刚体动力学模型耦合求解的方法,对导轨发射的机载导弹分离过程进行了模拟,导弹运动过程包含了双(多)吊挂约束、单吊挂约束和自由运动三个阶段,为了模拟单吊挂约束状态下导弹的运动,在刚体六自由度运动方程基础上,发展了约束形式的刚体动力学模型,通过计算刚体自由转动(欧拉陀螺)和旋转刚体的进动(拉格朗日陀螺)两个算例,得到与理论解吻合的计算结果,验证了运动模型的正确性。在此基础上,对某机载导弹的发射过程进行了数值模拟,模拟中根据后挂点所处不同位置分别采用直线运动、单铰链约束和六自由度运动模型。通过数值仿真,获取了发射过程的运动轨迹和姿态变化,结果表明中等攻角下翼吊导弹受到横向洗流的作用,产生较大的侧向力和偏航力矩,导致导弹发生横滚产生弹架干涉。单吊挂约束下导弹俯仰运动受到法向气动力、重力以及法向过载的作用,严苛条件下可能引起弹架干涉。     

高超声速进气道快速破膜开启的流动特性

进气道处于起动状态是保证超燃冲压发动机正常工作的前提,进气道帽罩快速开启时的非定常效应可以有效提高进气道的起动能力。采用非定常数值计算深入研究了唇口帽罩不同安装位置开启时的非定常效应对进气道起动过程的影响,分析了不同帽罩安装位置开启时进气道流场的演化过程,并揭示了喉道分离泡的形成机理。研究结果表明,当帽罩上游不存在分离泡时,破膜非定常激波在压缩面反射,与上游复杂波系作用形成沿壁面的低速流,在唇口激波作用下在喉道形成分离泡。帽罩安装靠近唇口可通过缩短激波/边界层作用距离减小低速流动区范围,进气道临界起动内压比随之增大;而当帽罩上游出现大分离泡时,分离泡会先演变为低速流,之后在唇口激波作用下重新聚集形成大尺度分离,进气道临界起动内压比显著降低。     

航空领域重大关键技术项目发现影响因素研究

高质量的项目发现是实现技术创新的重要前提和保障,而分析航空领域重大关键技术项目发现的影响因素,能有效对其项目发现过程进行支撑。在总结知识聚合一般过程、分析航空领域重大关键技术项目发现特点的基础上,构建基于知识聚合过程的航空领域重大关键技术项目发现模型;通过访谈分析、问卷调查等方式总结航空领域重大关键技术项目发现的影响因...     

Achieving the capacity of half-duplex degraded relay channels using polar coding

In this paper, a novel transmission protocol based on polar coding is proposed for the half-duplex degraded relay channel. In the proposed protocol, referred to as the partial message relaying, the relay only needs to forward a part of the decoded source message that the destination needs according to the exquisite nested structure of polar codes. Theoretically, it is proved that the scheme can achieve the capacity of the half-duplex relay channel under the decode-and-forward （DF） cooperation strategy while enjoying low encoding/decoding complexity. Practically, in order to minimize the global transmission power, the optimization of the power allocation is performed between the source and the relay by using information theoretic tools. Furthermore, a joint iterative soft parallel interference cancellation receiver structure is developed to suit to the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional scheme designed by low-density parity-check （LDPC） codes.     

Experimental study of partially-cured Z-pins reinforced foam core composites：K-Cor sandwich structures

This paper presents an experimental study of a novel K-Cor sandwich structure rein- forced with partially-cured Z-pins. The influence of pultrusion processing parameters on Z-pins characteristics was studied and the effect of Z-pins on mechanical properties was disclosed. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and optical microscopy （OM） methods were employed to determine the curing degree of as-prepared Z-pins and observe the implanted Z-pins in the K-Cor structure. These partially-cured Z-pins were treated with a stronger bonding link between face sheets and the foam core by means of a hot-press process, thereby decreasing burrs and cracking defects when the Z-pins were implanted into the Rohacell foam core. The results of the out-of-plane tensile tests and the climbing drum peel （CDP） tests showed that K-Cor structures exhibited superior mechanical performance as compared to X-Cor and blank foam core. The observed results of failure modes revealed that an effective bonding link between the foam core and face sheets that was provided from partially-cured Z-pins contributed to the enhanced mechan- ical performances of K-Cor sandwich structures.     

Uncertain multiobjective redundancy allocation problem of repairable systems based on artificial bee colony algorithm

Based on the uncertainty theory, this paper is devoted to the redundancy allocation problem in repairable parallel-series systems with uncertain factors, where the failure rate, repair rate and other relative coefficients involved are considered as uncertain variables. The availability of the system and the corresponding designing cost are considered as two optimization objectives. A crisp multiobjective optimization formulation is presented on the basis of uncertainty theory to solve this resultant problem. For solving this problem efficiently, a new multiobjective artificial bee colony algorithm is proposed to search the Pareto efficient set, which introduces rank value and crowding distance in the greedy selection strategy, applies fast non-dominated sort procedure in the exploitation search and inserts tournament selection in the onlooker bee phase. It shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms NSGA-II greatly and can solve multiobjective redundancy allocation problem efficiently. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate this approach.     

基于热声网络法的燃烧不稳定性分析研究

为研究预混燃烧的燃烧不稳定性,采用低阶热声网络分析方法确定燃烧不稳定性的模态特征及非线性特性。在热声网络程序中利用声网络来描述燃烧室结构的声学特性,利用速度脉动的函数描述火焰的热释放脉动。在火焰模型中,在线性模型中增加非线性以求解不稳定模态的极限环幅值。分析了钝体模型燃烧室中火焰模型参数对燃烧不稳定性的影响,模拟结果与实验结果符合得很好。结果表明声网络方法结合非线性火焰模型能描述燃烧系统的燃烧不稳定性和直接预测极限环幅值。