A bistatic SAR mission for earth observation based on a small satellite

The authors present a new scientific space mission consisting of a satellite carrying a receiving- only SAR which receives the signal transmitted by the ENVISAT-1 SAR. The integration of ENVISAT-1 SAR and bistatic radar data offers an improved potentiality of surface classification, three-dimensional observation, and the opportunity of advanced scientific experiments in the field of bistatic scattering. The small satellite nominal orbit and the attitude manoeuvres are designed in order to maintain an adequate overlap between the two radar swaths along the whole orbit, taking into account the ENVISAT-1 attitude and pointing. A preliminary satellite design (2-year lifetime) is then performed to evaluate the orbit decay and to determine the appropriate orbit manoeuvres (every 4 days) to control the satellites relative phase. The numerical simulation shows that a spacecraft of about 584kg is able to meet the mission requirements.     

GPS based onboard and onground orbit operations for small satellites

In extension to common applications such as groundtrack displays and antenna steering, the SGP4 orbit model is proposed for operational orbit determination in small satellite missions. SGP4 is an analytical orbit model for Low-Earth orbiting satellites that is widely used for the propagation of NORAD twoline elements. Twoline elements may hence be generated completely independent of NORAD. Their use as exclusive source of orbital information simplifies the operations concept and reduces mission costs through the extensive use of existing low-cost mission support software. Due to small computer resource requirements of 8–10kByte, the SGP4 model may also be applied for onboard orbit computations making use of e.g. a 80186 processor, thus ensuring full compatibility of ground-based and onboard operations. The proposed approach is particularly suited in combination with a space-borne GPS receiver, were the C/A-code navigation solutions are treated as measurements that are adjusted in a least-squares sense using the SGP4 model. As consequence, inherent drawbacks of the pure navigation solutions such as data gaps and scatter as well as limited velocity accuracy are avoided, while the operational navigation activities are kept at a minimum. The feasibility of the concept is illustrated based on real GPS navigation data from the TOPEX/Poseidon and the MIR space station with an inherent data quality of 50–100 m. It is shown that 3 hours of data within a 4 day period are sufficient to keep the position error within 4 km, that is considered sufficient for most applications.     

CAD/CAPP集成系统中工序图的自动生成方法

介绍了一种在CAD/CAPP集成系统中工序图自动生成的较通用的方法,提出了两种不同实现途径。并以实例表明在Pro/Engineer系统中得到了成功应用。     

k-ε-g紊流燃烧模型数值研究

本文对k-ε-g紊流燃烧模型中模型系数C_R,C_(g1),C_(g2)的选定和计算浓度脉动均方值g的不同方法进行数值研究。计算结果表明模型系数值的选定直接与化学反应速率有关,而其中C_R影响最大。g的计算虽然可有不同方法,而其中微分方程求解最佳。并用实验数据来验证计算结果。     

自旋稳定卫星海上测控姿章联控及实现

介绍了同步轨道自旋稳定卫星海上姿态章动联合控制原理。通过分析等倾角进动过程,建立了理论与实际执行角、同步脉冲执行次数和时延的计算模型,并给出了姿章联控系统的组成及实现过程。     

三维极小脱靶量与极小能量综合最优控制律研究与仿真

根据空间平台拦截器与目标的相对运动方程,基于线性系统最优控制理论提出了一种综合三维极小脱靶量与极小能量的最优控制律。给出了最优推力大小与方向控制,以及最优过渡时间和关机时刻确定的模型。仿真结果表明:该最优控制律控制精度高,易于工程实现。     

炉渣滤床技术处理亚麻生产废水

为了确定处理包头亚麻厂亚麻生产废水的设计方案，设计之前在现场进行了生产试验。在包头亚麻厂污水处理站，模拟炉渣滤床制造了3米高的炉渣滤层，滤渣从工厂锅炉房取用，将实际排放的亚麻煮漂车间、细纱车间、粗纱车间的生产废水混合后，通过炉渣滤层过滤处理，处理后出水由厂化验室和包头环保局化验。试验结果表明，处理后的排水各项指标完全达到国家排放标准。该工艺处理费用低，运行效果稳定，管理简便，具有明显的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。     

论会计专业公关素质的培养

会计公关渐趋重要,但尚未受到足够重视,本文分析会计专业学生应具备的公关素质以及如何进行培养。     

基于Web服务的企业基础信息集成模型

政府部门中企业基础信息存放分散,系统和数据源异构,共享和交换困难,形成了“信息孤岛”。提出了一种基于Web服务的解决模型,该模型实现了异构系统、异构数据源之间的数据交换和信息共享,有效地解决了“信息孤岛”的问题。     

8mm衰减标准装置

对8mm衰减标准装置的工作原理、系统设计、主要技术特点、误差分析等进行了详细介绍,并附有测试和分析数据。该装置达到了80dB的量程、全频段和±0.003dB/10dB的准确度。