ALTEA: anomalous long term effects in astronauts. A probe on the influence of cosmic radiation and microgravity on the central nervous system during long flights.

The ALTEA project participates to the quest for increasing the safety of manned space flights. It addresses the problems related to possible functional damage to neural cells and circuits due to particle radiation in space environment. Specifically it aims at studying the functionality of the astronauts' Central Nervous Systems (CNS) during long space flights and relating it to the peculiar environments in space, with a particular focus on the particle flux impinging in the head. The project is a large international and multidisciplinary collaboration. Competences in particle physics, neurophysiology, psychophysiology, electronics, space environment, data analyses will work together to construct the fully integrated vision electrophysiology and particle analyser system which is the core device of the project: an helmet-shaped multi-sensor device that will measure concurrently the dynamics of the functional status of the visual system and passage of each particle through the brain within a pre-determined energy window. ALTEA is scheduled to fly in the International Space Station in late 2002. One part of the multi-sensor device, one of the advanced silicon telescopes, will be launched in the ISS in early 2002 and serve as test for the final device and as discriminating dosimeter for the particle fluences within the ISS.     

振动攻丝最大扭矩的计算模型

 振动攻丝工艺参数的选择对于振动攻丝的工艺效果的好坏具有重要影响。目前一般通过大量单因素实验来获取合理的工艺参数。这种方法周期长、成本高,严重限制了该技术的应用。因此研究振动攻丝工艺参数的简易确定技术极为必要。作者提出了一种新的描述回弹量和重复切削次数的关系式,并在此基础上利用重复切削理论建立了振动攻丝最大扭矩的一般计算模型。通过数值仿真验证了该模型与试验结果的一致性。该模型的建立为简化工艺参数的获取过程提供了一种有效途径。     

纳米氧化镧对黑索今热分解的催化作用

用室温湿固相反应制备了纳米氧化镧，并进行了表征，用DSC研究了纳米氧化镧对环三次甲基三硝胺（黑索今，RDX）热分解反应的催化作用，并提出了该催化反应机理，实验结果表明，纳米氧化镧能有效地催化RDX的热分解，使RDX的二次分解肩峰消失，使RDX分解放热峰的后半峰变得陡直，并极大地增大了RD的表观分解热。     

考虑非线性扭转影响的薄壁梁翘曲特性分析

 考虑翘曲和大扭角变形的影响,研究薄壁梁结构轴向与扭转非线性耦合弹性变形问题。忽略高阶非线性的影响,结合升阶谱有限元方法,形成对称的非线性几何矩阵,从而建立一个稳定的非线性方程数值解模型。针对矩形截面薄壁梁结构,通过与线性结果对比,分析非线性对截面翘曲正应力、自由端转角的影响。     

基于服务发现的网络性能测量系统体系结构研究

 在分析现有网络性能测量技术的基础上, 提出了一种新型的面向服务的网络性能测量系统的体系结构, 旨在将网络性能测量作为网络基础设施的一个组成部分, 为用户提供基于服务发现的透明访问。介绍了该系统的体系结构以及主要组件的系统设计。     

The sun in the far infrared and sub-mm region

A review is given of the solar radiation between wavelengths of approx. 5 m. and 1 mm. After discussing the astrophysical background (Section 2), we review the brightness temperatures measured in the continuous spectrum in the disk center (Section 3), and compare them with model predictions. The observed limb darkening (or brightening) is described in Section 4, and the line spectrum in Section 5. In Section 6 considerations are given on the usefulness of infrared observations for the investigation of small structures on the Sun.     

喷嘴雾化特性模糊评判模型

利用模糊综合评判法构造喷嘴雾化模糊关系矩阵，建立了描述喷嘴雾化特性的模糊数学模型，利用该模型分别对不同工况下的空气雾化喷嘴，离心式喷嘴雾化特征进行了理论计算，通过聚类，对5种实验工况进行了分类，计算的分类情况与实验结果基本一致，对空气雾化喷嘴，离心式喷嘴不同实验工况的雾化效果进行了正确的评判。     

Rosina – Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis

The Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA) will answer important questions posed by the mission’s main objectives. After Giotto, this will be the first time the volatile part of a comet will be analyzed in situ. This is a very important investigation, as comets, in contrast to meteorites, have maintained most of the volatiles of the solar nebula. To accomplish the very demanding objectives through all the different phases of the comet’s activity, ROSINA has unprecedented capabilities including very wide mass range (1 to >300 amu), very high mass resolution (m/Δ m > 3000, i.e. the ability to resolve CO from N₂ and ¹³C from ¹²CH), very wide dynamic range and high sensitivity, as well as the ability to determine cometary gas velocities, and temperature. ROSINA consists of two mass spectrometers for neutrals and primary ions with complementary capabilities and a pressure sensor. To ensure that absolute gas densities can be determined, each mass spectrometer carries a reservoir of a calibrated gas mixture allowing in-flight calibration. Furthermore, identical flight-spares of all three sensors will serve for detailed analysis of all relevant parameters, in particular the sensitivities for complex organic molecules and their fragmentation patterns in our electron bombardment ion sources.     

粉末高温合金粘塑性试验评定与本构模型参数估计

 开展了粉末高温合金 FGH95 550℃、600℃和 650℃等 3种温度下控制应变率单向拉伸试验和 550℃下循环加载试验研究,结果表明 :600℃以下,快、慢应变率时,5%的试验应变范围内应力—应变曲线都一直上升,不存在应力饱和现象,热恢复效应不显著;但 650℃下慢应变率时则存在较明显的应力饱和现象,反映出在此条件下必须考虑蠕变效应。温度越高应变率对 FGH95的拉伸力学性能影响越明显,但总的说来是一种应变率不甚敏感的循环硬化材料。最后,在试验的基础上建立了 FGH95的 Bonder-Partom统一弹-粘塑性本构模型,理论与试验吻合较好,表明该模型能够模拟 FGH95的应力-应变关系曲线、应变率响应特性以及循环硬化特性,从而为 FGH95粉末高温合金构件的高温应力分析打下了基础。     

Book reviews

Space Science Reviews -