Al_2O_3/TiAl 复合材料的原位合成、结构与性能研究(英文)

以 Ti, Al, TiO2和 Nb2O5混合粉为原料,采用热压反应合成技术制备了 Al2O3/TiAl 复合材料。对复合材料的微观组织与力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:产物由γ-TiAl, α2-Ti3Al, Al2O3和 NbAl3相组成。原位反应形成的细小 Al2O3粒子主要分布在基体晶界处。随着 Nb2O5含量的增加,晶粒明显细化,Al2O3粒子呈弥散分布在基体中。最终形成了由γ和γ α2构成的特殊组织。随着 Nb2O5含量的增大,复合材料的硬度逐渐增大,抗弯强度和断裂韧性在 Nb2O5含量为 6 wt%时达到最大,分别为 398.5 MPa 和 6.99 MPa·m1/2。     

攻击机机群多步骤对地攻击模拟数学模型

以平均动态学理论为基础,研究讨论了攻击机机群在整个战斗飞行过程中作战效能评估的基本原理,建立了战效评估的顶层分析数学模型,导出了效能指标与对地攻击靶场效能指标、国土防空系统突防效能指标及要地防空系统突防效能指标间的关系式,给出了完成作战任务集所需飞机架数、被击毁的总架数,总战斗飞行架次数以及武器总消耗量等的计算式,为评价攻击机机群在整个战斗飞行过程中的作战效能奠定了理论基础。     

CORBA规范及其技术核心

CORBA(通用对象请求代理结构)规范被称为是面向21世纪的软件总线.已成为流行的分布对象计算规范.CORBA规范的内容很丰富,本文着重从整体上把握CORBA的体系结构和核心内容.基于对CORBA的发展和技术特色的介绍,本文详细讨论了OMA(对象管理体系结构)模型、ORB系统组成和ORB运行过程.     

Selection of candidate salad vegetables for controlled ecological life support system

Higher plants, as one of the essential biological components of CELSS, can supply food, oxygen and water for human crews during future long-duration space missions and Lunar/Mars habitats. In order to select suitable leaf vegetable varieties for our CELSS Experimental Facility (CEF), five varieties of lettuce (“Nenlvnaiyou”, “Dasusheng”, “Naichoutai”, “Dongfangkaixuan” and “Siji”), two of spinach (“Daye” and “Quanneng”), one of rape (“Jingyou No. 1”) and one of common sowthistle were grown and compared on the basis of edible biomass, and nutrient content. In addition, two series of experiments were conducted to study single leaf photosynthetic rates and transpiration rates at 30 days after planting, one which used various concentrations of CO₂ (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 μmol mol⁻¹) and another which used various light intensities (100, 300, 500 and 700 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). Results showed that lettuce cvs. “Nenlvnaiyou”, “Siji” and “Dasusheng” produced higher yields of edible biomass; common sowthisle would be a good source of β-carotene for the diet. Based on the collective findings, we selected three varieties of lettuce (“Nenlvnaiyou”, “Dasusheng” and “Siji”) and one of common sowthistle as the candidate crops for further research in our CEF. In addition, elevated CO₂ concentration increased the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration, and elevated light intensity increased the rate of photosynthesis for these varieties. These results can be useful for determining optimal conditions for controlling CO₂ and water fluxes between the crops and the overall CELSS.     

固体火箭发动机多层结构壳体的导波频散特性分析

应用全局矩阵法,推导了多层结构壳体的导波频散方程,并分别针对固体火箭发动机四种不同层数的壳体导波频散曲线进行了求解,发现当结构层数和第一层厚度增加时,各模式曲线的间隔缩小．曲线数目增加,并有向零频方向靠拢的趋势。同时研究了粘接质量变化对频散特征的影响,随着胶层质量相对变差,频散曲线总体向左漂移。     

激光星间链路终端指向误差标定中的误差分离研究

针对激光星间链路终端指向误差在轨标定中航天器姿态测量误差影响标定结果的问题，本文提出了基于多链路测量的航天器姿态测量误差分离方法。该方法利用了导航星座中同一航天器同时建立多条链路的特点，获取不同方向的LCT指向误差测量数据。通过同时估计航天器姿态测量误差与LCT自身指向误差参数，实现了航天器姿态测量误差与LCT自身指向误差的分离。仿真结果表明：航天器姿态测量误差对LCT指向误差标定结果有显著影响，利用本方法进行误差分离后，LCT指向误差标定结果最大偏差由分离前的64.9 μrad下降到误差分离(6条链路)后的21.1 μrad，有效降低了航天器姿态测量误差对LCT指向误差标定结果的影响。该方法的有效性取决于链路条数和链路拓扑构型。     

Effect of salt stress on growth and physiology in amaranth and lettuce: Implications for bioregenerative life support system

Growing plants can be used to clean waste water in bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). However, NaCl contained in the human urine always restricts plant growth and further reduces the degree of mass cycle closure of the system (i.e. salt stress). This work determined the effect of NaCl stress on physiological characteristics of plants for the life support system. Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L. var. Huahong) and leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Luoma) were cultivated at nutrient solutions with different NaCl contents (0, 1000, 5000 and 10,000 ppm, respectively) for 10 to 18 days after planted in the Controlled Ecological Life Support System Experimental Facility in China. Results showed that the two plants have different responses to the salt stress. The amaranth showed higher salt-tolerance with NaCl stress. If NaCl content in the solution is below 5000 ppm, the salt stress effect is insignificant on above-ground biomass output, leaf photosynthesis rate, Fv/Fm, photosynthesis pigment contents, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and inducing lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, the lettuce is sensitive to NaCl which significantly decreases those indices of growth and physiology. Notably, the lettuce remains high productivity of edible biomass in low NaCl stress, although its salt-tolerant limitation is lower than amaranth. Therefore, we recommended that amaranth could be cultivated under a higher NaCl stress condition (<5000 ppm) for NaCl recycle while lettuce should be under a lower NaCl stress (<1000 ppm) for water cleaning in future BLSS.     

空间探索用梯度密度气凝胶的合成与应用进展

气凝胶是空间探索领域的关键功能材料.系统介绍了单一密度气凝胶和梯度密度气凝胶材料的分类、合成方法、复合工艺、特殊性能及其在空间探索领域的应用.其中,梯度密度气凝胶材料的合成是国际上的技术难点,笔者结合自身研究将其复合方式分为早期方法、分层粘贴法、逐层凝胶法和梯度溶胶共凝胶法,揭示了梯度气凝胶应遵循由单位深度的低差异到高...     

极大似然法在飞机极曲线辨识中的应用

介绍了利用极大似然法辨识飞机极曲线的基本原理。通过仿真研究及对实测飞行试验数据的处理，表明该方法能够辨识出光滑的非线性飞机极曲线，算法具有良好的收敛性及结果的唯一性，并且可方便地推广应用于工程中其它类型的非线性曲线辨识问题。     

MAG焊旋转喷射过渡熔滴运动形态的相关分析

用高速影方法折摄了Ａｒ＋Ｏ２保护气体时旋转喷射过渡的过渡形态，建立了液尖－－液流速运动的相关分析模型，并由此分析了熔滴运动的动态变化过程和旋转参数。结果表明：在液尖－－液流束－阴极斑点组成的运动系统中，液尖的运动起主导作用，阴极斑点液尖、液流速的运动拖曳作用。作用于阳极斑点上的不平衡力，是影响熔滴旋转喷射过渡的重要因素。