月表地形环境对着陆器热控系统的影响分析

月球着陆器着陆月表之后的外热流环境与地球轨道卫星外热流环境的最大区别在于月表红外热流的影响.分析月表地形特征是确定月表红外热流影响范围的基础.文章根据调研分析选择了月海地区可能存在的平坦月表、斜坡、石块和撞击坑4种典型地形特征以及月表的热物性参数,并通过计算分析得出了月表地形对着陆器热控系统的一些影响规律--其中平坦月表和斜坡的影响最大,石块和小型撞击坑的影响可以忽略,大型撞击坑可以等效为斜坡的影响.     

有翼再入飞行器气动外形集成设计优化

气动外形设计是有翼再入飞行器（RV-W）的关键技术之一。分析了气动参数对再入飞行性能的影响,探讨了有翼再入飞行器气动外形设计的规律和准则。基于上述设计准则,以类X-37B飞行器为研究对象,集成几何参数化建模、气动力、气动热、热防护等学科快速分析方法,采用多学科设计优化方法,以最优气动特性为目标对飞行器气动外形进行了优化;得到优化气动外形后,对飞行器热防护系统（TPS）进行了轻量化设计优化。结果表明,优化外形的气动特性相比初始外形得到了较大的提升,设计优化得到的热防护系统重量占比（8.7%）优于同类飞行器的热防护系统重量占比统计数据,说明了本文有翼再入飞行器气动外形集成设计优化方法的有效性,可为同类飞行器提供参考。     

微型扑翼飞行器的气动建模分析与试验

用计算流体力学的数值模拟方法研究了微扑翼飞行器的扑翼飞行的非定常空气动力学问题。在对昆虫扑翼飞行运动的仿生模拟基础上 ,对实际可飞的微扑翼飞行器的扑翼运动建立了三维翼型的运动学与空气动力学模型。利用任意拉格朗日欧拉 ( ALE)有限元方法求解出 N-S方程的数值解 ,证明简单扑翼布局所提供的升力足以克服微扑翼飞行器本身的重力使其飞行。在此基础上 ,分别计算并分析了拍动幅值、俯仰幅度以及扑翼频率等各种扑翼参数对升力的影响。最后 ,探索性的扑翼风洞试验与飞行试验结果在一定程度上验证了文中计算方法的可行性      

RCS分析中多次反射的计算及程序实现技术

介绍目标RCS分析计算中多次散射的计算方法,计算多次散射时主要考虑面元-面元之间的相互作用,计算过程采用几何光学法(GO)、物理光学法(PO),在总后向RCS计算中还运用了等效电磁流法.同时,文中讨论计算多次散射的程序实现技术.最后,给出计算例子,考虑多次散射时总的后向RCS计算结果与前人发表的实验结果相吻合.      

在非定常气动力作用下弹性飞行器的动稳定性及主动控制

首先导出了在非定常气动力作用下的弹性飞行器纵向运动方程。而后就简化的非定常气动力数学模型提出了分析气动弹性对飞行器稳定性影响的方法。并从有效抑制飞行器的弹性振动角度研究主动反馈控制、操纵面及陀螺位置合适选择的最优综合设计问题。     

基于激光多普勒测速仪的车载捷联惯导系统行进间快速对准方法研究

在载体线运动状态下,单纯依靠捷联惯组自身的测量是无法实现自主对准的,此时传统的粗对准方法误差大甚至不可用。本文设计了一种基于激光多普勒测速仪的行进间快速对准方法,理论分析表明,通过对传统惯性系对准算法中加入速度及加速度修正项完全可以实现载体存在非周期线运动情况下的快速对准。仿真结果表明,在激光多普勒测速仪测速精度在0.5%、输出速度更新频率在20Hz的情况下,输出对准姿态角在150s以内即可收敛到稳态值,横摇角和俯仰角误差在25″以内,航向角误差在0.03°以内,可以满足一定精度范围内的快速对准需求,也可以为后续的精对准过程提供较为准确的初始姿态。     

Modeling novel methodologies for unmanned aerial systems–Applications to the UAS-S4 Ehecatl and the UAS-S45 Bálaam

The rising demand for Unmanned Aerial Systems(UASs) to perform tasks in hostile environments has emphasized the need for their simulation models for the preliminary evaluations of their missions. The efficiency of the UAS model is directly related to its capacity to estimate its flight dynamics with minimum computational resources. The literature describes several techniques to estimate accurate aircraft flight dynamics. Most of them are based on system identification. This paper presents an alternative methodology to obtain complete model of the S4 and S45 unmanned aerial systems. The UAS-S4 and the UAS-S45 models were divided into four sub-models, each corresponding to a specific discipline: aerodynamics, propulsion, mass and inertia, and actuator. The‘‘aerodynamic\" sub-model was built using the Fderivatives in-house code, which is an improvement of the classical DATCOM procedure. The ‘‘propulsion\" sub-model was obtained by coupling a two-stroke engine model based on the ideal Otto cycle and a Blade Element Theory(BET) analysis of the propeller. The ‘‘mass and the inertia\" sub-model was designed utilizing the Raymer and DATCOM methodologies. A sub-model of an actuator using servomotor characteristics was employed to complete the model. The total model was then checked by validation of each submodel with numerical and experimental data. The results indicate that the obtained model was accurate and could be used to design a flight simulator.     

高速飞行器热结构工作时变模态参数辨识

高速飞行器由于其很高的飞行速度而无可避免地受到气动加热作用的影响,进而引起结构特性的时变。采用理论或有限元方法(FEM)进行数值分析,难以获取反映结构在飞行(工作)状态下的真实模态参数。通过辨识获取高速飞行器热环境下的时变结构模态参数是一项十分具有挑战性的任务。针对此问题,引入参数化时频域的最大似然方法,对气动加热作用下的高速飞行器升力面结构的时变模态参数进行了辨识。通过模拟真实飞行状态的数值算例研究,说明参数化时频域的最大似然方法能够很好地辨识出低信噪比(SNR)情况下的模态频率和模态振型,验证了参数化时频域最大似然方法适用于具有显著时变特征的高速飞行器热结构的时变结构模态参数辨识,可为将来相关的工程研究和应用提供良好的理论支持。     

Reliable flight performance assessment of multirotor based on interacting multiple model particle filter and health degree

Multirotor has been applied to many military and civilian mission scenarios. From the perspective of reliability, it is difficult to ensure that multirotors do not generate hardware and software failures or performance anomalies during the flight process. These failures and anomalies may result in mission interruptions, crashes, and even threats to the lives and property of human beings. Thus, the study of flight reliability problems of multirotors is conductive to the development of the drone industry and has theoretical significance and engineering value. This paper proposes a reliable flight performance assessment method of multirotors based on an Interacting Multiple Model Particle Filter (IMMPF) algorithm and health degree as the performance indicator. First, the multirotor is modeled by the Stochastic Hybrid System (SHS) model, and the problem of reliable flight performance assessment is formulated. In order to solve the problem, the IMMPF algorithm is presented to estimate the real-time probability distribution of hybrid state of the established SHS-based multirotor model, since it can decrease estimation errors compared with the standard interacting multiple model algorithm based on extended Kalman filter. Then, the reliable flight performance is assessed with health degree based on the estimation result. Finally, a case study of a multirotor suffering from sensor anomalies is presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.