一种新的运载火箭上面级和航天器轻型增压系统

为减小运载火箭上面级和航天器增压系统的体积和质量，设计了一种新的轻型主、副两路定压力值控制增压系统。该系统可最大限度利用气瓶内气体，具有冗余增压结构，提高了系统可靠性，并设置气动隔离活门。适于多次启动飞行，且结构简单。有关的测试和飞行试验结果表明，所设计的增压系统主、副路工作协调，反应迅速，性能稳定可靠。     

运载火箭贮箱增压控制技术发展综述

随着运载火箭低成本、高可靠性的发展趋势,对贮箱增压的控制技术提出了更高的要求。在研究国内外火箭的增压控制技术现状的基础上,总结提炼出增压控制技术的发展趋势,为后续新型火箭的研制提供参考。     

复合材料Ⅰ型结构热压罐零吸胶工艺树脂压力测试及硬模传压均匀性分析

针对977-2/IMS预浸料在热压罐零吸胶工艺下采用H型方式成型的Ⅰ型零件,分别采用标准固化制度及阶梯加压制度进行了树脂压力在线测试,基于测试结果,分析了树脂压力与罐压的等效性及硬模传压的均匀性,提出了实际零件硬模传压的测试制度参考.结果表明:单侧硬模传压区域的树脂压力在稳定后与罐压一致,验证了预浸料在热压罐零吸胶工艺下树脂压力与铺层压力的等效性;双侧硬模传压区域的树脂压力存在载荷平衡的过程,稳定后不同区域的树脂压力均匀并与罐压一致;与阶梯加压制度相比,标准固化制度下树脂压力在测试初期存在一定波动,稳定后两种工艺制度下的树脂压力一致,这为热分布差异相对较大零件的树脂压力测试提供了方法参考.     

Effects of punch size,magnetic field,and magnetorheological elastomers medium on forming T-shaped thin-walled Inconel 718 tubes

This study aims at investigating the impact of using the Magnetorheological Elastomers(MREs) medium to improve the formability of T-shaped Inconel 718 tubes during the bulging process. Besides, the influence of the punch size and the intensity of the magnetic field on the branch height and wall thickness distribution of the T-shaped Inconel 718 tubes are also explored. The results showed that the parts formed by the punch with a length of 5 mm in the pressurization zone have better forming quali...     

运载火箭贮箱增压消能器流场数值仿真方法研究

在液体运载火箭贮箱的入口,通常采用增压消能器对贮箱增压气体进行均流、减速,使增压气体平稳、缓慢地降落在推进剂液面上。增压消能器通常由多层筛网、导流锥、扩容腔等部件组成。根据美国NASA的半人马座火箭采用的喇叭口消能器结构和参数,使用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对该种喇叭口形消能器的稳态工作过程进行了数值仿真,获得了消能器工作时的内部流场。通过与美国Lewis中心的消能器试验数据对比,发现仿真结果与试验结果吻合,验证了仿真方法的正确性。研究表明:消能器内部的一级筛网是产生能量损耗的主要来源,设置容腔及增大流通面积能有效降低气体的流动速度,多层筛网对均匀气体分布起到很好的效果。本文应用的流场仿真方法可以推广至其他类型的消能器,为增压消能器的选型、优化设计起到参考作用。     

一种高压孔板气体大流量校准技术研究

建立一种高压孔板气体大流量校准装置,解决了增压输送系统高压孔板流量系数计量难题。该装置可实现最高压力30MPa,最大质量流量18000kg/h（氮气）的气体流量检测,不确定度为0.5%（k=2）。     

脉冲发动机建压段瞬态燃速模型

针对脉冲发动机工作时间短,压强高的特性,对建压阶段的瞬变燃烧过程进行了模型研究。该模型基于非稳态凝聚相能量方程,并耦合气相热反馈为求解该能量方程的边界条件,从而引入压强对燃烧过程的作用。模型中压强的变化规律由同样条件下的试验p-t曲线拟合得到。通过模型计算,可以对建压过程中推进剂表面温度随时间的变化规律、各压强下的瞬态燃速做出预测,结果与试验数据较好地吻合。用该瞬态燃速进行建压段内弹道仿真,与稳态数据相比,更接近实测曲线,表明该模型可以用于脉冲发动机建压段的瞬态燃速的预估。     

Simulation of mass and heat transfer in liquid hydrogen tanks during pressurizing

In order to accurately predict the heat and mass transfer behaviors and analyze key factors affecting pressurization process in the hydrogen tank, a comprehensive 2 D axial symmetry Volume-Of-Fluid(VOF) model is established by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) method.The effects of phase change, turbulence and mass diffusion are included in the model and relationships between physical properties and temperature are also comprehensively considered. The phase change model is based on Hertz-Knudsen equation and the mass transfer time relaxation factor is determined by the NASA's experimental data. The mass diffusion model is included in gaseous helium pressurizing. The key factors including the inlet temperature, inlet mass flow rate, injector types and pressurizing gas kinds are quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the experiment, the simulation results show that the deviation of pressurizing gas mass consumption, condensing mass and ullage temperature are 3.0%, 7.5% and 4.0% respectively. The temperature stratification is existed along the axial direction in the surface liquid region and the ullage region, and the bulk liquid is in subcooled state during pressurizing. The location of phase change mainly appears near the vapor–liquid interface, and the mass transfer expressing as condensation or vaporization is mainly determined by the heat convection and molecular concentration near the vapor–liquid interface.The key factors show that increasing the inlet temperature and inlet mass flow rate could shorten the pressurizing time interval and save the pressurizing gas mass. The proportion of the total energy addition of the tank absorbed by the ullage region, the liquid region and the tank wall respectively is greatly influenced by the injector types and more heat transferred into the ullage would result in a faster pressure rising rate. Gaseous hydrogen pressurization has a higher efficiency than gaseous helium pressurization. The simulation results presented in this paper can be used as a reference for design optimization of the pressurization systems of cryogenic liquid launch vehicles so as to save the mass of pressurizing gases and shorten the pressurizing time interval.     

固体火箭点火超压形成机理与影响因子研究

为研究固体火箭点火超压的形成机理和影响因子,以Ariane 5火箭固体助推器1/35缩比模型为研究对象,〖JP+1〗基于可压缩气体三维Navier-Stokes方程建立固体火箭尾焰流场的数学模型。同时,使用有限速率/涡耗散模型表征尾焰复燃反应,采用有限体积法求解火箭尾焰流场控制方程,得到箭体尾部近场的点火超压幅值与分布情况。与试验数据比较,数值结果较好的反映了点火超压的过程特性。进而,采用该数学模型和求解方法,研究了点火超压的影响因子。计算结果表明,尾焰复燃反应对点火超压的影响较小,与无复燃反应的计算结果比较,点火超压的峰值相对变化幅度不大于1.85%,点火超压的波形与分布特性的变化可以忽略;建压速率越快,点火超压峰值越大,且呈非线性比例关系增长;喷管膨胀比主要影响点火超压的波形,对其峰值影响较小。     

新一代运载火箭推进剂贮箱的冗余氦气增压系统

介绍了新一代运载火箭推进剂贮箱的冗余氦气增压系统组成和工作原理。分析了增压系统几种一度故障模式下的冗余功能。地面试验验证结果表明:该增压系统采用互为备份的增压主路和副路,副路是主路的完全冗余,有一度故障的容错能力,同时降低了对增压系统中减压阀性能的要求,减少了减压阀的设计难度,提高了氦气增压系统的可靠性。