Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

面向集中力扩散的回转曲面加筋拓扑优化方法

为了提高航天器回转曲面加筋型连接结构的集中力扩散效率,需要开展回转曲面加筋集中力扩散结构设计。传统放射肋设计方法普遍依赖设计经验、难以满足集中力高效扩散需求。因此,提出一种面向集中力扩散的回转曲面加筋拓扑优化方法。第1步,建立了一种基于各向异性过滤技术的集中力扩散拓扑优化方法,保证拓扑优化结果满足回转曲面加筋制造工艺要求;第2步,提出了一种基于网格变形技术的拓扑优化结果智能重构方法,可高效准确地对回转曲面加筋拓扑优化结果进行模型自动重构。基于所提出方法,以卫星平台对接环这种典型的回转曲面加筋壳为对象开展算例研究,并将优化结果与传统放射肋设计结果进行对比。结果表明,所提出的优化方法可得到加筋构型清晰、满足回转曲面加筋制造工艺要求的优化结果,且具有集中力扩散效率高、网格质量依赖性低、拓扑特征重构高效等优点。     

基于无人机平台的机动式标校系统设计与应用

随着我国航天事业的不断发展,地面卫星测控网也日益完善,呈现出数量多、分布广、频段宽、工作体制多等特点。为提高航天测控装备标校的精度和效率,克服传统标校方式所具有的造价高、操作繁杂等缺点,研制了一套车载机动式、基于无人机(UAVs)平台的航天测控装备标校系统。该系统采用实时载波相位差分定位(RTK)技术,配备多类高度集成小型化目标载荷,可对地面统一测控、雷达和光电装备进行精度鉴定以及日常进行大动态范围标校和训练等工作。首先,介绍了系统的工作原理、系统组成及精度鉴定数据处理流程;其次,基于外场实验,给出了该系统的鉴定效果;最后,相较于目前测试性能单一的标校系统,该系统具有集成度高、机动性强、覆盖频段广、可完成性能实验多等优点,有更好的使用和推广价值。     

Validate the IRI2007 model by the COSMIC slant TEC data during the extremely solar minimum of 2008

During 2008, the solar activity is extremely low. The satellite observations show that the ionospheric height and electron density is much lower than the predictions by the international reference ionosphere (IRI) model. In this paper, we compared the slant total electron content (TEC) observed by the COSMIC satellites during 2008 with the IRI model results. It is found that the IRI model with IRI2001 and IRI2001 Cor. topside options will always overestimate the electron density in both lower and higher altitudes. But the rest two topside options (NeQuick, and TTS) tend to overestimate the electron density in the F layer and underestimate it in the topside altitudes. The switch altitude between overestimation and underestimation and the latitude-local time distribution of the model deviation depend on the topside option. The current investigation might be useful for the model improvement as well as data assimilation work based on the IRI model and the LEO TEC data.     

GA-BP神经网络在航空发动机状态监测中的应用研究

针对航空发动机状态监测问题,引入人工神经网络为发动机复杂非线性系统建立精确模型;选择以GA-BP贝叶斯算法作为神经网络训练算法,建立优化设计近似模型;以发动机排气温度的预测为例,构建了一个GA-BP神经网络对航空发动机状态进行预测。结果表明,GA-BP神经网络收敛速度快,泛化能力强,优于标准BP神经网络,因而为航空发动机状态监测提供了一种有效的方法。     

高温环境对振动测试信号传输参数的影响

为了研究发动机试车运行时高温环境对振动特性测试信号传输参数的影响, 利用电磁场-热耦合理论, 探讨了温度场对电磁场各场量的影响.结合实际测试传输网络, 提出了一种能有效提取多导体传输参数的传输电路法.该方法用经典的能量法进行了验证, 取得了很好的一致性.电阻和电感参数均随环境温度的升高而增加, 且电阻受温度影响的变化幅度尤为明显.多输出响应时多导体的邻近耦合响应随温度升高而加剧, 互电参数受温度和导体间距的影响明显.      

一种求解D-S诊断识别框架方法

利用D-S证据理论进行故障诊断时,首先需准确地确定出诊断识别框架,这是D-S故障诊断的先决条件.在导弹武器等复杂系统中,存在着故障原因与故障征兆之间关联关系不确定的现象,增加了求取诊断识别框架的困难.为此,提出了一种求取复杂系统的D-S诊断识别框架方法.首先,基于基本诊断模型,给出了诊断贝叶斯网络模型.以及求解诊断贝叶斯网络模型的方法;然后,给出了征兆集合等概念以及求解故障识别框架的方法;最后,通过示例验证了方法的正确性.     

Lightning Related Transient Luminous Events at High Altitude in the Earth’s Atmosphere: Phenomenology, Mechanisms and Effects

This paper presents a literature survey on the recent developments related to experimental and modeling studies of transient luminous events (TLEs) in the middle atmosphere termed elves, sprites and jets that are produced in association with thunderstorm activity at tropospheric altitudes. The primary emphasis is placed on publications that appeared in refereed literature starting from year 2008 and up to the present date. The survey covers general phenomenology of TLEs and their relationships to characteristics of individual thunderstorms and lightning, physical mechanisms and modeling of TLEs, past, present and future orbital observations of TLEs, and their chemical, energetic and electric effects on local and global scales.