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1.
利用紫金山天文台观测的编号为McMath8207和McMath16171两个活动区光学资料,采用KR和KS两种理论模型,计算了活动区暗条电流演化过程.结果表明:不同的暗条扰动可以导致不同类型的耀斑;出现在强活动区新浮磁流附近的拱状暗条可用KR模型描述,它们往往处于较低层次,具有较强的初始电流,在新浮磁流的挤压和剪切作用下可形成中性电流片,导致高能耀斑发生.而符合KS模型的宁静暗条,在新浮磁流或耀斑波作用下亦可被激活,但其初始电流较弱,往往只能为热耀斑提供能量.  相似文献   

2.
1986年2月4日AR4711拱形双带黑子暗条系激活的分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
根据1986-02-04AR47ll由观测所确定的物理参数和特征值,采用电动力学方法数值计算该活动区中两个拱形黑子暗条在大耀斑爆发前的动力学演化过程.结果表明:(1)以旋涡黑子为标志的光球物质旋转运动和以暗条下方磁力线强剪切为特征的剪切运动引起暗条电流增加和背景磁场变化,电流和磁场的相互作用导致暗条向上运动,大耀斑爆发前暗条的上升速度达26km/S;(2)背景场位形对暗条整体动力学行为有很大影响,AR47ll在7×104km高度范围内场强随高度似乎按指数规律衰减.  相似文献   

3.
利用多卫星多波段的综合观测数据,通过追踪光球表面等离子体速度分析计算了耀斑爆发前后磁螺度的变化,发现耀斑爆发前活动区中光球表面存在强的水平剪切运动,活动区磁螺度的注入主要由这种剪切运动所产生;使用CESE-MHD-NLFFF重建了耀斑爆发前后活动区的磁场位形,推测出耀斑过程中存在磁绳结构的抛射.基于这些分析,给出了这一螺旋状抛射结构的形成机制:爆发前暗条西侧足点的持续剪切运动驱动磁通量绳增加扭转,高度扭缠的通量绳与东侧足点附近的开放磁力线重联并与东侧足点断开,进而向外抛出并伴随解螺旋运动.另外,利用1AU处WIND卫星的观测数据在对应的行星际日冕物质抛射中找到典型磁云的观测特征.这表明除了传统上双足点均在太阳表面的磁云模型,这种单足点固定于太阳表面的磁通量绳爆发图景同样可能在行星系际空间形成磁云结构.研究结果对进一步认识磁云结构具有重要意义.   相似文献   

4.
本文利用北京天文台提供的高空间分辨率的活动区纵场磁图对1988年的18个活动区进行分析研究,以寻求强SWF耀斑的先兆.结果表明,一磁流在异极性磁流区浮现,同极性磁流合并、异极性磁流侵入和纵向磁场强度剧增4种磁位形演化与强SWF耀斑有密切关系。文中还用1988年9—10月份的25个活动区的磁图和耀斑资料佐证上面的结果。  相似文献   

5.
磁力:宇宙动力之源   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
当人类知道地球是绕着太阳运转的时候,就总想应该有一根轴带动着地球运转。然而,到目前为止人类还没有找到它。而在天文学中也早就有人猜测到这一点,只是找不到证据。我们不得不承认要把磁与宇宙运转规律联系起来,不仅需要各种知识和资料,而且还需要具有这种立体思维的人。就像艺术家的创造风格一样,他的理解模式也与众不同。所以,就有了下面的理论与学说。初始状态下,宇宙是一个庞大的空间,以磁场为主要动力,使其不断运动;由S极和N极指导着运动方向,随着S极、N极的磁流方向而转动。磁流也就是磁性粒子流,由两极产生磁流从阳…  相似文献   

6.
通常认为,同步轨道区的电子通量增加是由于磁暴或者上游太阳风高速流的扰动所引起.近来的观测表明,起源于太阳活动的行星际高能电子也是引起同步轨道电子通量增加的重要原因之一.Zhao等在研究2000年7月14日太阳剧烈活动时发现,同步轨道区相对论电子通量巨幅增加时没有观察到上游太阳风高速流的扰动,并且磁暴发生在电子通量事件之后.采用解析磁场模型和实际磁场模型(T96模型)模拟来自太阳的相对论电子在磁尾中的运动特性.计算结果表明,当行星际磁场南向时,进入到磁尾的行星际相对论电子可以从较远的磁尾区域运动到同步轨道区域.这一研究结果从理论上论证了起源于太阳活动的高能电子可以对同步轨道区相对论电子通量的增加产生重要的作用.  相似文献   

7.
本文利用云南天文台耀斑H_α巡视观测、活动区白光照相及速度场资料,结合SMM的X射线资料和北京天文台的射电观测资料,对1980年7月14日日面3B级大耀斑进行了综合研究。对照耀斑过程的磁流浮现(EMF)模型,我们分析了活动区的形态变化特征,估算了耀斑释放的磁能、耀斑过程的特征时间及耀斑爆发时加速的电子总数和加速电子的平均能量。结果表明:(1)耀斑过程的EMF模型与观测结果基本符合,可以认为EMF模型能够较好地说明耀斑的物理过程。(2)根据对速度场资料及耀斑产生位置的分析,初步认为电流片可能位于速度中性线与磁中性线的交点处及其附近,或速度中性线与暗条的交点处及其附近。(3)观测和计算表明,硬x射线爆是由电流片中加速的高能非热电子所产生,而软X射线爆则由耀斑区的高温等离子体的热轫致辐射所产生。  相似文献   

8.
利用AR2522活动区多波段的观测资料,分析了暗条演化与1B/M4级双带耀斑爆发之间的关系。结果表明:(1)足点的剪切运动导致暗条电流增强和耀斑贮能;(2)暗条上升运动和绞扭现象是单产要电流增强和耀斑贮能的结果;(3)Marttens-Kuin模型至少适合于解释与暗条快速上升有关的双带耀斑爆发。  相似文献   

9.
给出了椭圆暗条电流回路下暗条垂直平衡方程,并用它计算了NOAA131活动区暗条的平衡电流,分析了其暗条电流的特性。  相似文献   

10.
空间探测的最新结果表明,太阳大气中广泛存在小尺度喷发事件,这些事件被认为是由新浮现磁通量导致的小尺度磁重联的表现.小尺度磁重联同时会产生高频Alfven波.本文给出了建立在上述思想基础上的描述日冕加热及太阳风加速的时变二元流体模型的一组数值解,显示解的时间演化、收敛特性及守恒特性.在对由过渡区发出的高频Alfven波频谱的适当假设下,数值解能够解释日冕及太阳风等多方面的观测结果,包括日冕加热,极冕洞密度径向变化,太阳风近日冕底部加速,及在03AU观测到的高速流特征.  相似文献   

11.
Some sites for solar flares are known to develop where new magnetic flux emerges and becomes abutted against opposite polarity pre-existing magnetic flux (review by Galzauskas/1/). We have identified and analyzed the evolution of such flare sites at the boundaries of a major new and growing magnetic flux region within a complex of active regions, Hale No. 16918. This analysis was done as a part of a continuing study of the circumstances associated with flares in Hale Region 16918, which was designated as an FBS target during the interval 18 – 23 June 1980. We studied the initiation and development of both major and minor flares in Hα images in relation to the identified potential flare sites at the boundaries of the growing flux region and to the general development of the new flux. This study lead to our recognition of a spectrum of possible relationships of growing flux regions to flares as follows: (1) intimate interaction with adjacent old flux — flare sites centered at new/old flux boundary, (2) forced or “intimidated” interaction in which new flux pushes old field having lower flux density towards a neighboring old polarity inversion line where a flare then takes place, (3) “influential” interaction — magnetic lines of force over an old polarity inversion line, typically containing a filament, reconnect to the new emerging flux; a flare occurs with erupting filament when the magnetic field overlying the filament becomes too weak to prevent its eruption, (4) inconsequential interaction — new flux region is too small or has wrong orientation for creating flare conditions, (5) incidental — flare occurs without any significant relationship to new flux regions.  相似文献   

12.
17 emerging magnetic flux regions with arch filaments related to new sunspots were identified in Hale Active Region No. 16918 during the 7 day interval from 16–22 June. Most of the new flux regions were clustered around the filament channel between the old opposite polarity fields as were most of the flares. The two largest regions of new magnetic flux and a few of the smaller flux regions developed very near the end points of filaments. This suggests that the emergence of flux in existing active regions might be non-random in position along a filament channel as well as in distance from a filament channel.We have analyzed the positions of 88 flares to date during about half of each day. We find that slightly more than half (50%) of the flares, irrespective of their size, are centered within the new flux regions. About 1/5 (20%) were centered on the border between the new flux and the adjacent older magnetic field. Less than 1/3 occurred outside of the newly emerging flux regions but in many cases were very close to the newly emerging flux. We conclude that at least 2/3 of the flares are intimately related to the emerging flux regions while the remaining 1/3 might be either indirectly related or unrelated to the emerging flux.  相似文献   

13.
The decaying solar active region that crossed the central meridian on May 20, 1980 at latitude S13° produced a major flare (2B/X1) at 2054 on May 21. This region was a target of the international Flare Buildup Study and was well observed. The buildup was characterized by little flare activity during two days prior to the major flare but a great deal of activity in the filament that separated the opposite magnetic polarities of the active region. Large proper motions of sunspots and magnetic fields suggest that the magnetic field was stressed prior to the flare. The immediate trigger of the flare appears to have been an eruption of new magnetic flux in the center of the active region. The new flux erupted in a configuration that decreased the net flux of the active region and contributed to the decay of the region.  相似文献   

14.
We present an automated system for detecting, tracking, and cataloging emerging active regions throughout their evolution and decay using SOHO Michelson Doppler Interferometer (MDI) magnetograms. The SolarMonitor Active Region Tracking (SMART) algorithm relies on consecutive image differencing to remove both quiet-Sun and transient magnetic features, and region-growing techniques to group flux concentrations into classifiable features. We determine magnetic properties such as region size, total flux, flux imbalance, flux emergence rate, Schrijver’s R-value, R (a modified version of R), and Falconer’s measurement of non-potentiality. A persistence algorithm is used to associate developed active regions with emerging flux regions in previous measurements, and to track regions beyond the limb through multiple solar rotations. We find that the total number and area of magnetic regions on disk vary with the sunspot cycle. While sunspot numbers are a proxy to the solar magnetic field, SMART offers a direct diagnostic of the surface magnetic field and its variation over timescale of hours to years. SMART will form the basis of the active region extraction and tracking algorithm for the Heliophysics Integrated Observatory (HELIO).  相似文献   

15.
The structure and dynamics of a box in a stellar corona can be modeled employing a 3D MHD model for different levels of magnetic activity. Depending on the magnetic flux through the surface the nature of the resulting coronal structures can be quite different. We investigate a model of an active region for two sunspots surrounded by magnetic field patches comparable in magnetic flux to the sunspots. The model results in emission from the model corona being concentrated in loop structures. In Gudiksen and Nordlund (2005) the loops seen in EUV and X-ray emission outline the magnetic field, following the general paradigm. However, in our model, where the magnetic field is far from a force-free state, the loops seen in X-ray emission do not follow the magnetic field lines. This result is of interest especially for loops as found in areas where the magnetic field emerging from active regions interacts with the surrounding network.  相似文献   

16.
The amount of emergence and submergence of magnetized plasma and the horizontal motion of the footpoints of flux tubes might be crucial for the dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Although the rate of flux emergence and submergence can be observationally determined near the polarity inversion line (Chae et al., 2004), the same is not true for regions away from the PIL. Also, the horizontal motions cannot be directly measured in the solar photosphere. In this sense, the evolution of the photospheric magnetic field provides valuable information which can be used to estimate photospheric plasma flows since magnetic field and plasma are closely associated (frozen-in-condition). We used three methods to estimate the photospheric plasma motion from magnetic field observations. The methods were applied to photospheric vector magnetic field data of active region NOAA 9077, observed by the Huairou Solar Observing Station (HSOS) of the National Astronomical Observatories of China before and after the ‘Bastille Day’ flare on July 13th and 14th, 2000.  相似文献   

17.
A semi-analytical model for the electrodynamic development of two-ribbon flares is presented. A current filament above a bipolar active region starts rising according to the model of Van Tend and Kuperus. Due to this motion large induced electric fields arise at a magnetic neutral line far below the filament, resulting in and associated with magnetic reconnection and the formation of a current sheet. The interaction of this current sheet with the original current filament, the background magnetic field and the boundary layer of the photosphere determine the further electrodynamic development of the flare. The model predicts the energy release, the time of maximum, the height of the energy source and other quantities reasonably well.  相似文献   

18.
利用MMS观测数据,对磁层顶通量绳内离子惯性尺度(di)的结构进行分析研究.结果发现,许多不同尺度(约1di至数十di)的通量绳内都存在具有di尺度的电流 j m,其方向在磁层顶局地坐标系的-M方向,即与磁层顶查普曼-费拉罗电流同向,由电子在+M方向的运动( v em)携带.这些电流结构具有以下特征:磁鞘与磁层成分混合,磁场为开放形态;离子去磁化,电子与磁场冻结;N方向(即垂直于磁层顶电流片方向)的电场 E n显著增大,幅度达到约20mV·m-1,并伴有明显的尖峰状起伏,该增强和尖峰状起伏的电场对应于霍尔电场.分析表明,电流、电子与离子运动的偏离以及霍尔电场之间遵从广义欧姆定律,三者密切关联.进一步对磁层顶磁重联的探测数据进行分析发现,在很多重联区内也存在与通量绳内相似的结构,其尺度约为di量级,其中霍尔电场 E N、电流 j M和电子速度 v eM均与通量绳内对应物理量的方向相同且幅度相近.基于上述观测事实,采用经典FTE通量绳模型,对通量绳内电流、电子运动和霍尔电场的起源进行了初步探讨,认为其来源于磁层顶无碰撞磁重联区内的相应结构,并且后者在离子尺度通量绳的形成过程中起到重要作用.   相似文献   

19.
The “disparition brusque” (DB) of a filament (N20, E35) has been observed above an active region with the Multichannel Subtractive Double Pass (MSDP) spectrograph operating on the Meudon Solar Tower, from 10h45 UT to 13h30 UT on June 22, 1981.Velocity fields and intensity fluctuations are measured in the Hα line. The DB doesn't take place simultaneously in all parts of the filament : thin threads (thickness <3 arc seconds) with upward radial velocities reaching about 50 km/s are successively observed inside the prominence from S to N regions. These motions correspond likely to the rise of material along magnetic loops closely related to the prominence structure. The dynamics inside such a magnetic loop is investigated : a high speed flow (supersonic, likely superalfvénic) strongly accelerated is evidenced and a deformation of the flux tube, probably due to the centrifugal forces exerted by the flow on the magnetic lines, is suggested.These results are compared with some theoretical works on dynamics inside magnetic loops, especially to siphon flow models. However, as in the case of the prominence support problem, better theoretical models are still needed.  相似文献   

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