大容量光通信系统中规则LDPC码的研究

为研究规则LDPC码在大容量光通信系统的性能,对不同列重和不同迭代次数的短规则LDPC码在大容量光信道中的误码率性能进行了数据仿真。发现确定码长的规则LDPC码,存在最优的列重,使得在相同的冗余度时,最大程度地改善大容量光通信系统的性能;此外,误码率随迭代次数的增加具有收敛的特性,LDPC码译码时应合理地选取迭代次数。     

基于EXIT图的非规则LDPC码在RICE衰落信道下的优化

EXIT(Extrinsic Information Transfer)图是分析LDPC码译码收敛性的一个简单有用的工具,可以用于非规则LDPC码度分布的优化。本文介绍了EXIT图的基本原理,并将其应用于RICE衰落信道,修正了RICE信道中未知信道状态信息情况下比特节点译码器曲线计算公式,并给出了RICE信道下的度优化结果。仿真结果表明,这种方法易于实现,而且经过优化的LDPC码在衰落信道中同样获得良好的性能。     

一种CCSDS深空标准的LDPC码高效实现

针对CCSDS(空间数据系统咨询委员会)深空通信标准LDPC(低密度奇偶校验码),为减少定点量化后的译码性能损失,提出了一种改进的译码修正算法。通过分析矩阵结构特点,并引入交错译码结构以及流水结构,设计了一种适合该标准深空通信LDPC码编译码器的高效实现结构。使用此结构,在Xilinx公司的XC5VSX95T芯片上实现了CCSDS深空通信标准的(8 192,4 096)LDPC码,在40次迭代情况下可以达到47m的吞吐率。实践表明:该设计可以灵活地移植应用于其他码率的CCSDS深空通信标准LDPC编译码器设计。     

局部概率传播译码的非系统低密度卷积码

低密度卷积码(LDCC)是低密度码(LDPC)经由其产生矩阵的侧滑变换成为带状产生矩阵而得到的,具有LDPC和卷积码的误码性能好等一些共同特征。LDCC码的和积算法译码方法可以进一步改进为局部概率传播译码方法。采用流水线结构的局部概率传播译码方法用于LDCC码得到了接近和积算法的译码性能,而且译码延迟比LDPC大为降低,译码器更为简单,便于实时工作。     

ARA LDPC码在深空测控通信系统中的应用

介绍了CCSDS推荐的应用于深空通信的低密度校验(LDPC)码,根据码字的原型图对这类累积重复累积(ARA)码的特性进行了讨论。ARA码不仅具有良好的性能,同时其编码复杂度低,译码器具备有效的并行实现结构,此外码字具有很好的系列性。结合我国"嫦娥一号"卫星测控通信系统的设计讨论了LDPC码的应用问题,采用LDPC码能够获得更大的编码增益,在我国深空测控通信系统中具有广阔的应用前景。     

一种适用于FPGA的LDPC编码设计

与Turbo码相比,LDPC码有更好的性能和更低的解码复杂度,但其缺点是编码复杂。根据Richardson和Urbanke(RU)建议的编码方案,本文提出了一种适于在FPGA上实现的LDPC编码方案,其复杂度随码长呈线性增长。该方案可灵活应用于不同的校验矩阵H,码长和码率的系统中。     

基于有限域上乘法群与均衡不完全区组的准循环LDPC码构造

构造低编码复杂度的准循环LDPC码是其在高速数据传输系统中有效应用的关键技术之一。本文通过引入有限域上乘法群,提出了一种新的基于均衡不完全区组(BIBD)的准循环LDPC码的构造算法。算法将基于BIBD的传统构造算法中的加法群替换为乘法群,简化了相应元素位置向量的计算;同时通过校验矩阵扩展(dis-persion)构造出能够抵抗长突发删除错误的好码。仿真结果表明,本算法构造的准循环LDPC码的围长至少为6,能够采用反馈移位寄存器实现线性复杂度的编码;利用和积译码算法进行迭代译码,AWGN与BEC信道下译码性能与随机构造的LDPC码相当。     

航空通信系统中的LDPC编译码研究

低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC)是目前最优秀的码字之一,其接近香农传输极限的性能使其成为第五代通信系统(5G)唯一的数据信道编码。介绍了LDPC码的编译码原理和迭代译码结构,并对码长为4096,码率为1/2的LDPC码进行MATLAB仿真和FPGA工程实现。仿真结果和工程实现结果均表明:所选取的LDPC码实现简单,性能优异,对航空通信系统中信道编码的选取具有重要的指导意义。     

基于纠删码的遥测链路丢帧恢复技术

针对遥测系统在恶劣天气条件、航天器姿态调整、天线指向偏离、脉冲干扰等各种因素影响下出现的遥测信号闪断以至接收机丢帧问题,提出一种适用于闪断信道的纠删码技术,用于恢复丢失的数据帧.首先介绍LDPC（低密度奇偶校验）纠删码的编译码算法,然后构造一种以短码长的随机码为外码、IRA（不规则重复累积）LDPC码为内码的级联纠删码,最后给出纠删码的应用策略和实现纠删码所需的CCSDS（空间数据系统咨询委员会）协议扩展.通过仿真实验和分析,得到了LDPC纠删码和级联纠删码的纠删性能,得出级联纠删码与LDPC纠删码均可获得接近理想的纠删性能的结论,且级联纠删码的构造更为灵活,可适应不同的应用环境,对CCSDS协议进行适当扩展后即可支持纠删码在CCSDS遥测链路中的应用.     

一种新的有效的群签名方案

介绍了一种有效的群签名方案。该方案的安全性是基于译码问题的难度和线性码的纠删特性和ElGamal签名方案的安全性。已知[n,k,d]码和相应的数字签名方案,则签名和群公钥的长度分别是n+5和n2+5。对于方案的计算代价,签名过程除O(n)算术运算外基本上与ElGamal方案相同;打开签名的过程非常有效,只需O(d2)运算量。方案允许新成员加入群时不修改群公钥。通过向某些成员分发新的成员资格证书,可以将成员从群中删除。     

Design and analysis of new p(n,k) polyphase pulse compression codes

P(n,k) codes as a new class of polyphase pulse compression codes are introduced and analyzed in detail. The P(n,k) codes are conceptually derived by step approximation of the phase function of a nonlinear-frequency modulated (NLFM) Chirp signal with a favorable energy density spectrum. The significant advantages of P(n,k) codes over conventional polyphase codes are lower autocorrelation sidelobes and an improved tolerance of low Doppler shifts and precompression bandwidth limitations. The primary disadvantage of the P(n,k) codes over conventional codes is a loss in range resolution. The uniform P(n,k) codes are especially attractive for radars employing digital signal professing because their favorable correlation properties also remain when quantization effects are taken into account     

GF（q）域上的低密度校验（LDPC）码的译码及其在深空通信中的应用

低密度校验码是一类能有效逼近香农限的好码,而高进制的LDPC码具有比二进制LDPC码更好的性能,但其译码复杂度太高不利于工程应用。本文提出了一种基于协同优化算法的低复杂度的高进制LDPC码的译码算法,并讨论了其在深空通信中的应用。     

Cross-layer design of LT codes and LDPC codes for satellite multimedia broadcast/multicast services

According to large coverage of satellites, there are various channel states in a satellite broadcasting network. In order to introduce an efficient rateless transmission method to satellite multimedia broadcasting/multicast services with finite-length packets, a cross-layer packet transmission method is proposed with Luby transform （LT） codes for efficiency in the network layer and low density parity check （LDPC） codes for reliability in the physical layer jointly. The codewords generated from an LT encoder are divided into finite-length packets, which are encoded by an LDPC encoder subsequently. Based on noise and fading effects of satellite channels, the LT packets received from an LDPC decoder either have no error or are marked as erased, which can be mod- eled as a binary erasure channels （BECs）. By theoretical analysis on LT parameters and LDPC parameters, the relationships between LDPC code rates in the physical layer and LT codes word lengths in the network layer are investigated. With tradeoffs between the LT codes word lengths and the LDPC code rates, optimized cross-layer solutions are achieved with a binary search algorithm. Verified by simulations, the proposed solution for cross-layer parameters design can provide the best transmission mode according to satellite states, so as to improve throughput performance for satellite multimedia transmission.     

FEC design for remote control and data transmission of aeronautic and astronautic vehicles

This paper focuses on the advanced Forward Error Correction(FEC) based on LowDensity Parity-Check(LDPC) codes for remote control and data transmission of Aeronautic and Astronautic Vehicles(AAV). It shows that the nontransparent LDPC codes with odd row weights are able to resist phase inversion with a small computational overhead. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to use FEC to resist phase inversion. Then, a high hardware-efficient FEC design for AAV, which is capable of correcting random errors as well as phase inversion, is proposed based on circulant decomposition with circulant size of 2s. Such a(4096, 2048) LDPC code has been adopted in a data transmission system due to its excellent error performance and hardware efficiency.     

一种准循环低密度校验码部分并行编码结构设计

为了满足在一个系统中使用多码率低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）码字的需求,设计了一个多码率准循环LDPC（QC LDPC）码编码器;按照功能,将编码器分成输入缓存单元（ISU）、生成矩阵存储单元（GMSU）、矩阵乘法运算单元（MMU）以及输出缓存单元（OSU）4个主要组成部分;通过使用多个小块存储器组合的方式设计ISU可以使无效存储空间降到最低;通过分析各种码率生成矩阵特点,将矩阵进行分割,从而将各种码率生成矩阵所需要的信息存储在若干个存储单元中;MMU用于完成信息位与矩阵的乘法与求和运算,运算单元的数目和GMSU的数目相等;OSU中包括两个存储器,采用乒乓操作,以提高编码速率。通过管脚的选择,此编码器支持0.4, 0.6以及0.8码率3种编码模式。最后用Altera公司的现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）EP1S801508C7对编码器进行了实现。结果显示此编码器仅耗费5 339个逻辑单元,占FPGA总逻辑单元的7%,耗费439 296比特的存储器资源,占FPGA总存储器资源的6%。     

线性分组码不可检错误概率新的下限

线性分组码的不可检错误概率是评价自动请求重传(ARQ)系统的重要参数。不可检错误概率的计算涉及码的重量分布,而大部分码的重量分布还不知道,因此,研究不可检错误概率的限显得非常重要。本文得到了GF()上(n,k)线性分组码不可检错误概率的两个新的下限,在一定程度上,改进了Wolf等人的结果。由于新的限与码的重量结构无关,因此可以方便地估计任何线性分组码的不可检错误概率。     

High Hardware Utilization and Low Memory Block Requirement Decoding of QC-LDPC Codes

This paper presents a simple yet effective decoding for general quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes, which not only achieves high hardware utility efficiency (HUE), but also brings about great memory block reduction without any performance degradation. The main idea is to split the check matrix into several row blocks, then to perform the improved message passing computations sequentially block by block. As the decoding algorithm improves, the sequential tie between the two-phase computations is broken, so that the two-phase computations can be overlapped which bring in high HUE. Two overlapping schemes are also presented, each of which suits a different situation. In addition, an efficient memory arrangement scheme is proposed to reduce the great memory block requirement of the LDPC decoder. As an example, for the 0.4 rate LDPC code selected from Chinese Digital TV Terrestrial Broadcasting (DTTB), our decoding saves over 80% memory blocks compared with the conventional decoding, and the decoder achieves 0.97 HUE. Finally, the 0.4 rate LDPC decoder is implemented on an FPGA device EP2S30 (speed grade -5). Using 8 row processing units, the decoder can achieve a maximum net throughput of 28.5 Mbps at 20 iterations.