Generalized input-estimation technique for tracking maneuveringtargets

A new input estimation technique for target tracking problem is proposed. Conventional input estimation techniques assume that the target maneuver level is constant within the detection window, which has been the major drawback of the techniques. The proposed technique is developed to overcome this drawback by modeling the target maneuver as a linear combination of some basic time functions. The resulting algorithm has a generalized formulation including earlier works on input estimation. A detection performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed by investigating the detection sensitivity according to the selection of maneuver models and other design parameters such as the detection window size, measurement noise level, and sampling step size. A computer simulation study shows that the estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is comparable to Bogler's input estimation method while the computation time is greatly reduced     

Simulation of elastoplastic deformation of helicopter skid landing gear springs

A technique is proposed for calculating the stress strain state and power intensity of helicopter skid landing gear springs operating under conditions of dynamic loading taking into account a physically and geometrically nonlinear deformation scheme. Using real helicopter structures, the sufficient reliability of the technique developed is confirmed by comparison with experimental results. The solution convergence conditions are analyzed by the method proposed under approximation of the material deformation diagram with stressed spline.     

Design and implementation of a matrix converter PMSM drive without a shaft sensor

A novel controller design for a sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, which is fed by a matrix converter is proposed. First, a rotor position estimating technique is proposed to obtain the shaft angle of the motor. Next, a two-degree-of-freedom proportional-integral (PI) controller, including a forward-loop controller and a load compensator, is proposed to improve the performance of the system. The whole drive system has satisfactory transient responses and load disturbance rejection abilities. In addition, the parameters of the PI controller are calculated by using a frequency-domain parameter optimization technique. Only simple algebraic computation is required. Finally, a 32-bit TMS320C40 digital signal processor is used to execute the sensorless technique and all of the control loops, including a current-loop and a speed-loop. Several simulated and experimental results are shown to validate the theoretical analysis.     

基于图像分析的荫罩网孔检测系统

提出一种利用图像分析方法进行荫罩网孔检测的新技术。介绍了系统的结构、基本功能以及实现方面的一些关键技术。讨论了软件实现方面的一些关键技术 ,给出了有关处理的具体算法。实际使用表明 ,该系统检测精度高 ,操作简便 ,可显著提高工作效率。     

基于双重卡尔曼滤波器的发动机故障诊断

提出了一种基于双重卡尔曼滤波器的航空发动机健康参数估计方法,实现了传感器发生故障情况下发动机故障的准确诊断.采用发动机动态工作点的测量数据,解决了可测量参数偏少导致故障诊断困难的问题;球面采样平方根UKF(UnscentedKalmanfilter)故障诊断滤波器具有更好的滤波稳定性与更低的计算量的要求,提高了故障诊断算法的效率与精度.某型双轴涡扇发动机故障诊断仿真结果表明,该方法可以准确的同步实现气路部件与传感器的故障诊断,是一种有效的航空发动机故障诊断方法.      

DECENTRALIZED ROBUST CONTROL FOR UNCERTAIN FLEXIBLE SPACE STATION

ＤＥＣＥＮＴＲＡＬＩＺＥＤＲＯＢＵＳＴＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＦＯＲＵＮＣＥＲＴＡＩＮＦＬＥＸＩＢＬＥＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＡＴＩＯＮＷａｎｇＱｉｎｇ；ＣｈｅｎＸｉｎｈａｉ（ＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＡｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ，ＮｏｒｔｈｔｖｅｓｔｅｒｎＰｃｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａ...     

结构试验与分析一致性评估技术

介绍了CATAS系统的试验与分析一致性评估技术。通过建立试验结果与计算结果之间的线性回归关系,提出了一致性模糊综合评估方法。在保证一定试验可靠度的前提下,结合区域对比曲线,该方法可以指导修改计算模型。通过对Y7-200A的位移测量和计算结果,验证了该方法的有效性。     

Novel Approach for ISAR Image Cross-Range Scaling

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging systems produce electromagnetic images of targets in the range-Doppler domain. In order to rescale the image in a homogeneous range-cross range domain (meters by meters), the modulus of the target effective rotation vector must be known. Although in some cases it can be retrieved by means of ancillary data, in most cases the modulus of the target effective rotation vector must be estimated. A blind technique is proposed for estimating the modulus of the target effective rotation vector that exploits information carried by the chirp rate of scattering centres. A technique based on image segmentation, local polynomial Fourier transform (LPFT), and image contrast (IC) maximisation is used in order to extract the scattering centres and estimate their chirp rate. Simulated and real data analyses are provided to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Efficient fault tolerant estimation using the IMM methodology

Space systems are characterized by a low-intensity process noise resulting from uncertain forces and moments. In many cases, their scalar measurement channels can be assumed to be independent, with one-dimensional internal dynamics. The nominal operation of these systems can be severely damaged by faults in the sensors. A natural method that can be used to yield fault tolerant estimates of such systems is the interacting multiple model (IMM) filtering algorithm, which is known to provide very accurate results. However, having been derived for a general class of systems with switching parameters, the IMM filter does not utilize the independence of the measurement errors in different channels, nor does it exploit the fact that the process noise is of low intensity. Thus, the implementation of the IMM in this case is computationally expensive. A new estimation technique is proposed herein, that explicitly utilizes the aforementioned properties. In the resulting estimation scheme separate measurement channels are handled separately, thus reducing the computational complexity. It is shown that, whereas the IMM complexity is exponential in the number of fault-prone measurements, the complexity of the proposed technique is polynomial. A simulation study involving spacecraft attitude estimation is carried out. This study shows that the proposed technique closely approximates the full-blown IMM algorithm, while requiring only a modest fraction of the computational cost.     

A new quadrature sampling and processing approach

A quadrature sampling and array signal processing technique that differs from earlier approaches in that is processes the data before the Hilbert transformation is presented. A fast Fourier transformation (FFT) technique that performs the discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) on the sampled data directly without Hilbert transformation is proposed for frequency-domain signal processing. For array signal processing, the proposed approach does not perform Hilbert transformation prior to signal combining. It features high processing speed, low distortion, and hardware simplicity. Error analyses, performance evaluation, and computer simulation results are included     

Detection of satellite attitude sensor faults using the UKF

A novel fault detection (FD) method for nonlinear systems using the residuals generated by the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is proposed. The errors of the UKF are derived and sufficient conditions for the convergence of the UKF are presented. As the local approach is a powerful statistical technique for detecting changes in the mean of a Gaussian process, it is used to devise a hypothesis test to detect faults from residuals obtained from the UKF. Further, it is demonstrated that the selection of a sample number is important in improving the performance of the local approach. To illustrate the implementation and performance of the proposed technique, it is applied to detect sensor faults in the measurement of satellite attitude.     

基于数字图像相关方法的非接触高温热变形测量系统

 为测定高速飞行器材料与结构的高温变形,将基于图像的变形测量的数字图像相关(DIC)方法与基于红外辐射加热装置和闭环控制的瞬态气动热试验模拟系统相结合建立了一套非接触高温热变形测量系统。该系统通过瞬态气动热试验模拟系统中的红外辐射加热装置对被测试样施加快速和精确可控的热载荷,温度加载范围从室温到1 200 ℃。在热加载过程中用数字摄像机记录不同温度下被测试样表面的数字图像,随后用DIC方法对这些记录的数字图像进行分析,从中提取被测试样表面的全场热变形。为验证该高温变形测量系统的性能,测量了铬镍奥氏体不锈钢在20～550 ℃温度范围内的热变形和热膨胀系数(CTE),结果显示该系统可快速方便地对航空航天材料的全场高温热变形进行精确测量。     

平流层飞艇总体多目标优化设计与决策

将多目标优化与多属性决策相结合应用于平流层飞艇总体多目标优化中。建立平流层飞艇多目标优化模型,实现优化模型参数化建模,采用多目标进化算法NSGA－Ⅱ得到Pareto最优解集,构成多属性决策矩阵,采用模糊熵权TOPSIS（ M－TOPSIS）法对Pareto非劣解进行排序,获得最佳设计方案。最终结果验证了NSGA－Ⅱ平流层飞艇多目标优化中的有效性。     

Adaptive control for feedback-linearized missiles withuncertainties

A robust adaptive control scheme is proposed that can be applied to a practical autopilot design for feedback-linearized skid-to-turn (STT) missiles with aerodynamic uncertainties. The approach is to add a robust adaptive controller to a feedback-linearizing controller in order to reduce the influence of the aerodynamic uncertainties. The proposed robust adaptive control scheme is based on a sliding mode control technique with an adaptive law for estimating the unknown upper bounds of uncertain parameters. A feature of the proposed scheme is that missile systems with aerodynamic uncertainties can be controlled effectively over a wide operating range of flight conditions. It is shown, using Lyapunov stability theory, that the proposed scheme can give sufficient tracking capability and stability for a feedback-linearized STT missile with aerodynamic uncertainties. The six-degree-of-freedom nonlinear simulation results also show that good performance for several uncertainty models and engagement scenarios can be achieved by the proposed scheme in practical night conditions     

A technique for presentation and application of the propeller fan multidimensional characteristics in semi-full-scale simulation of a gas turbine engine and its automatic control system

A technique for linear interpolation of the multidimensional characteristics of a coaxial propeller fan with opposite rotation propellers is proposed; the technique makes it possible to simulate the turbofan engine operation in the entire range of flight conditions and reduce expenses for fullscale tests. The mathematical models obtained meet the requirements imposed in the semi-full-scale simulation.     

执行器故障的挠性航天器姿态滑模容错控制

针对挠性航天器执行器卡死与失效故障的姿态稳定控制问题,提出一种改进型滑模容错控制策略.与传统的滑模控制相比,该方法能削弱传统滑模控制中抖振现象对姿态控制精度的影响,且它采用自适应技术在线估计系统中的不确定参数,从而保证控制性能对外部干扰、不确定甚至时变转动惯量具有良好的鲁棒性.该控制器并不需要任何在线或离线的故障信息,...     

Layernet: a self-organizing protocol for small ad hoc networks

A self-organizing protocol is proposed for small ad hoc networks. Among this protocol's original features is the initial creation of an asynchronous sparse tree topology followed by a transition to a more fully connected network and synchronous scheduling. An efficient address bundling technique and unique reliability simulation results for this protocol are also presented     

飞机横侧响应反馈控制律设计

以某原型机为例对三自由度电传系统横侧响应反馈控制律的设计原理及计算方法进行了探讨，所提出的参数顶修正法能使指标检验与系统控制参数调整构成稳定闭环，进一步提高了匹配精度。经数字仿真和实时仿真试验证明，所提出的方法能够满足总体要求。     

Momentum transfer-based attitude control of spacecraft with backstepping

A nonlinear control law design based upon the backstepping approach is addressed for attitude maneuver control of spacecraft by momentum transfer (MT) in the presence of disturbance. For MT, a traditional method usually applies constant torque as an input, which tends to produce significant residual oscillation. Enhanced methods such as optimal control can somewhat reduce the residual oscillation, but may not be enough for minimum residual motion. Feedback linearization technique can drive the final nutation angle small enough, but it is rather sensitive to parameter uncertainty. The proposed method here takes advantage of nonlinear control approach with small steady-state nutation angle. Sensitivity about parameter uncertainties by feedback linearization can be reduced by the backstepping technique. Stability of the resulting control law is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theory. Boundedness of the control law is presented to validate practical merit of the proposed control law.     

Technique of integral diagnostics for a radio-frequency inductively coupled plasma discharge unit of an RF ion thruster

A technique of integral diagnostics for an RF inductively coupled plasma gas discharge unit of an ion thruster is proposed. This technique includes a priori measurements of antenna coil electrical parameters in free space and in assembled state as well as experimental determination of the antenna coil currents with and without discharge.