雷达信号的模糊聚类分选方法

随着现代电子战的激烈对抗,复杂体制雷达迅速增加并逐渐占居主导地位,侦察接收机接收到的雷达信号更加复杂和密集.为克服传统信号分选算法的局限性,采用基于模糊聚类分析的雷达脉冲信号分选方法,此方法能利用雷达信号的特征参数有效地分选出非常规和常规雷达信号.首先介绍模糊聚类的基本原理,并进行信号分选仿真实验.仿真结果证明分选结果较理想,验证了此方法的有效性和可行性.该方法易编程实现,适用于处理大量数据,是一种解决密集复杂脉冲信号分选问题的新途径.     

高距离分辨率的低截获概率雷达信号性能研究

首先,分析步进频率雷达信号实现高分辨率的优缺点,在此基础上设计了一种改进的步进频率信号-参差脉冲重复间隔步进频率信号;然后,分析了该信号的处理过程。与步进频率信号在高速目标下成像失真相比,参差脉冲重复间隔步进频率信号的多普勒性能有了很明显的改善。最后,分析了参差脉冲重复间隔步进频率信号的低截获概率特性。     

弹载合成孔径雷达自适应重频分析与设计

弹载合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)的目标距离、视线角由于高速逼近目标而快速变化,这导致传统的固定脉冲重复频率(Pulse Repetition Frequency,PRF)(简称重频)波形难以兼顾弹载SAR雷达在成像各方面的约束条件,故需要根据当前弹体运动和弹目关系变化情况实时计算重频。详细分析了影响重频选择的各项因素,包括避免距离模糊、方位模糊、高度杂波、发射遮挡影响及SAR成像分辨率、系统相参性要求等影响因素,并设计了自适应重频计算的工作流程。某SAR雷达系统实验表明,该设计能够在实际飞行弹道条件下根据实际弹目关系自适应调整脉冲重复频率,从而更好地实现SAR雷达系统的工作性能,有效解决了固定重频波形不能适应弹载SAR工作条件的难题。     

脉冲超宽带信号测量性能分析

超宽带技术是一项新兴的无线通信技术,具有极其广阔的发展前景,但目前仅用于室内短距离通信,少见用于航天测控系统。为了将超宽带技术应用于测控系统中,以模糊函数为工具,对脉冲超宽带信号的测量性能进行分析。首先推导矩形脉冲串信号和载波调制矩形脉冲串信号的模糊函数,并对其模糊特性进行仿真分析。在此基础上,主要针对用于测控系统的伪码调制脉冲超宽带信号,利用其模糊函数分析其测距测速性能。结果表明:该超宽带信号具有良好的测距测速性能,其最大无模糊距离为1个伪码周期,最大无模糊多普勒频率为脉冲重复频率的倒数;单脉冲宽度越窄,其测距性能越好而测速性能越差。     

改进 K-均值算法在雷达辐射源信号预分选中的应用

雷达辐射源信号分选是电子对抗领域一个关键技术,随着电子技术的发展,电磁环境日趋复杂,信号分选的难度越来越大,在这样的条件下,我们应该寻求新的解决问题的方法.本文首先概述了雷达辐射源信号分选意义、系统组成和分选流程,然后介绍了改进 K-均值算法.为了有效实现信号分选,提出了基于改进K-均值算法的信号分选方法,该方法可对到达角、载频和脉宽参数进行分选.最后进行了仿真实验,结果表明该方法实现简单,分选效果较好     

基于自然聚类的信号分选新方法

多站无源定位系统中,如何对各站收到的交错脉冲列实现正确的脉冲分选和配对是决定定位效果的关键技术之一。针对直方图分选方法存在的直方格分裂,某一维时差相同的2个辐射源难于分选等问题,提出一种基于自然聚类的脉冲分选新方法。仿真结果表明,该算法能较好克服直方图方法的以上缺点,并且较好地解决了脉冲漏分选问题。     

一种步进频率信号认知雷达波形优化设计方法

认知雷达常用于完成探测、跟踪、成像及识别等多重任务,为提高其综合性能,需兼顾多方面因素研究其波形优化设计问题。基于此,提出一种基于压缩感知（CS）RIPless准则的步进频率信号认知雷达波形优化设计方法。首先,建立了目标回波信号稀疏模型,分析了其与发射信号模糊函数之间的关系。其次,根据模型中观测矩阵的构造,基于RIPless准则,将波形设计问题转化为概率分布的互相干参数及其协方差矩阵的条件数的优化问题,从而通过自适应寻优算法,获得优化的步进频率信号脉冲重复时间间隔序列和子脉冲频率序列。相较于传统方法,所提方法在信号发射与接收之间形成了信息实时反馈和信号优化重构的闭环,在高概率准确重构目标径向一维距离像的同时,也实现了发射信号模糊函数的优化。最后,仿真计算验证了所提方法的有效性。     

相控阵主动雷达导引头波形策略

针对高脉冲重复频率脉冲多普勒(HPRF-PD)体制的相控阵主动雷达导引头中存在的距离遮挡问题,设计了一种新的波形选择策略。首先,利用提出的脉冲重复频率(PRF)波形选择策略,离线计算得到距离对应PRF的波形查找表。然后,通过叉积自动频率控制环路滤波(CPAFCLF)算法预估下个相参处理间隔(CPI)导引头与目标间的径向相对速度,并联合提出的基于Sage-Husa带有速度预测的自适应"当前"统计模型(SH-ACSMVP)算法得到的距离跟踪值,获得下个CPI的距离预测值。在跟踪机动目标场景中,相比于"当前"统计(CS)模型跟踪算法及基于"当前"统计模型的自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波(CAUKF)算法,本文算法得到的距离预测误差更小,误差收敛速度更快。根据此距离预测值从波形查找表中选择波形发射,作为下个CPI的发射波形,实现后续跟踪阶段的抗距离遮挡,提高目标跟踪性能。仿真结果表明了本文所设计波形选择策略的正确性及有效性。     

雷达接收机软件化脉冲压缩算法研究

以雷达软件化接收系统回波信号脉冲压缩处理为例,利用FFT算法分析了雷达软件化接收系统脉冲压缩处理软件化的可行性,并进行雷达回波脉压处理的仿真.     

电子对抗技术的仿真

最近已研制成功一种用于鉴定电子对抗(ECM)技术—如“对眼”(CrossEye)技术—效果的设备,该技术从分置的独立天线向敌方雷达系统(如单脉冲雷达)发射射频(RF)信号。这项发明将雷达发射的RF信号分为两路,加上ECM信号,并在每个脉冲重复间隔后校准雷达-ECM混合信号,使之达到相位和幅度平衡。再将该信号在仿真雷达天线处下变频至中频。此天线之后,注频网络又将该信号的频率上变频,加上计算机控制的输入(包括回波信号),然后送到雷达接收机进行最后处理。     

Improved algorithm for estimating pulse repetition intervals

This paper presents an improved algorithm for estimating pulse repetition intervals (PRIs) of an interleaved pulse train which consists of several independent radar signals with different PRIs. The original version of this algorithm is a complex-valued autocorrelation-like integral, which leads to a kind of PRI spectrum wherein the locations of the spectral peaks indicate the PRI values. The original algorithm, however, has a serious drawback in that it is vulnerable to timing jitter (PRI jitter). We analyze the cause of this vulnerability and propose an improved algorithm using overlapped PRI bins which have shifting time origins. The improved algorithm has proven to be quite effective in obtaining the PRI spectrum for jittered pulse trains, which enables detection of mean PRIs by thresholding     

An approach for parameter estimation of combined CPPM and LFM radar signal

In this paper, the problem of parameter estimation of the combined radar signal adopting chaotic pulse position modulation (CPPM) and linear frequency modulation (LFM), which can be widely used in electronic countermeasures, is addressed. An approach is proposed to estimate the initial frequency and chirp rate of the combined signal by exploiting the second-order cyclostationarity of the intra-pulse signal. In addition, under the condition of the equal pulse width, the pulse repetition interval (PRI) of the combined signal is predicted using the low-order Volterra adaptive filter. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed cyclic autocorrelation Hough transform (CHT) algorithm is theoretically tolerant to additive white Gaussian noise. When the value of signal noise to ratio (SNR) is less than 4 dB, it can still estimate the intra-pulse parameters well. When SNR = 3 dB, a good prediction of the PRI sequence can be achieved by the Volterra adaptive filter algorithm, even only 100 training samples.     

A novel pulse TOA analysis technique for radar identification

A new processing technique is presented for identifying individual pulse trains in a buffer load of pulse time-of-arrival (TOA) data from radar warning receiver sets currently in use for electronic warfare (EW). The method is based on the numerical characteristics of the matrix of the differences of the TOA data points. In particular, for a uniform pulse repetition interval (PRI) emitter, this matrix is a symmetrical harmonic Toeplitz matrix the inverse of which has banded tridiagonal form. This form leads to an estimator for the PRI in terms of the trace of the inverted matrix     

Phase-Coded Interrupted CW Signals and Processors

High resolution radars require signals with large time-bandwidth product such as CW signal and coherent pulse train (CPT). We discuss a phase-coded interrupted CW (ICW) signal which is the combination of CW signal and CPT. Phase codes used here are with perfect periodic autocorrelation. The periodic ambiguity function of ICW signals is studied including single-carrier signal and multi-carrier signal. It is interesting that the gate function has different effects on two signals and contributes to a multi-carrier ICW signal which yields nearly perfect autocorrelation. Meanwhile we also suggest an efficient receiver approach to ICW signals, which can reduce the computational burden of the processor and utilize the good properties of P3 and P4 codes.     

Modified Barker Code Approximating Huffman's Impulse-Equivalent Sequence

It is shown by use of D.A. Huffman's polynomial representation for a finite sequence of contiguous pulses in a pulse train that Barker's binary-coded sequences can be modified, by a weighting of pulse amplitudes, to a condition where time sidelobes in the pulse compressed signal are substantially reduced. In such a pulse amplitude modification there is a sacrifice in pulse train energy since each pulse does not have maximum energy. Results here are provided for Barker's sequence of length 13 only.     

Prime sequences for asynchronous pulse repetition interval agileradar

We propose the use of prime sequences in pulse repetition agile radar to increase the immunity of the radar to reconnaissance and deceptive jamming. The prime sequences are mapped into state agile mapped (SAM) sequences and are used to determine the pulse repetition interval (PRI) of the radar. We show that this produces a system with low mutual interference between radars and with a low probability of ambiguous range measurement resulting in good resistance to active deceptive jamming