航空直流发电机炭片调压器原理分析及其检测电路设计

本文采用与目前书中不同的叙述方法分析了炭片调压器受力情况,得出炭片调压器在正常工作状态下是一阶动态数学模型,同时分析得出产生拍合现象的原因,在此基础上建立起整个直流电机调压系统的数学模型,根据实测而得的参数对系统进行了有负载扰动作用下的动态和稳态性能分析;最后根据调压系统的数学模型,设计了炭片调压器调试检测晶体管电路,代替电磁式调试检测装置。经实验完全可以满足要求,并且体积小,造价低,易于调试和变更参数,使用携带方便。     

基于MATLAB的飞机电源系统仿真

首先建立了飞机自动调压系统的传递函数,然后利用MATLAB软件中的控制系统工具箱对其进行了仿真研究;通过设计校正环节及其参数,使调压系统的静态精度和动态性能均达到预定的要求。     

并联TBCC排气系统流场结构数值模拟及实验研究

为探索并联TBCC排气系统在宽马赫数飞行范围内的性能变化规律,针对某TBCC排气系统构型开展了飞行包线内的数值模拟分析。为验证数值模拟方法的可靠性,对该实验模型完成了典型工作点静特性风洞实验,获得了相应的流场结构和壁面压力分布规律,并将实验结果与数值模拟结果进行了对比。研究结果表明:并联TBCC排气系统双通道气流在涡轮下壁面出口处发生严重干扰导致出口流场复杂。优化设计TBCC排气喷管,有利于降低气流干扰对整个排气系统流场结构和推力性能的影响;飞行包线内,排气系统总的推力系数均高于0.9。气流大面积分离导致冲压发动机低马赫数时性能较低,但其对排气系统整体的推力性能影响很小;数值模拟得到的壁面沿程压力分布、流场波系结构等均与实验结果非常吻合,因此,数值计算结果用来评价TBCC排气系统性能的可靠性得到实验验证。     

负载电流反馈补偿法在双凸极无刷直流发电机数字调压器中的应用

分析了双凸极无刷直流发电系统突加、卸负载时的工作机理及滤波电容的影响,在此基础上提出了负载电流反馈补偿控制方法,以提高系统的动态性能。实验结果表明,在系统突加和突卸负载两种情况下,加入负载电流反馈补偿控制后,不仅电压恢复时间明显缩短,而且电压波动幅值也大大减小,系统的动态特性得到了明显的提高。该方法可推广应用到不同类型的直流发电机的数字调压控制中。     

多绕组双流发电机励磁调压系统建模与Saber仿真

双流发电机励磁调压系统对发电机交直流电源的输出具有重要作用。文章主要分析了励磁调压系统的组成及工作原理,系统分别采用交/直流调压器(WZT-3型/SLT型),实现飞机发动机起动所需 115/200V、400Hz交流电和 28/56 V、0～70 V直流电的输出。采用 Saber建立仿真模型,仿真结果验证了励磁调压系统的可行性。     

基于励磁电流前馈调节的航空直流发电系统建模分析

 高压直流(HVDC)发电系统因为其效率高、质量轻以及可靠性高等诸多优点成为航空供电系统的首选,其系统输出端存在着用于滤波的大电容,这使得采用传统PI调节方案的调压器不能满足系统的动态性能要求。因此,提出了采用励磁电流前馈(ECF)的调压器技术。对该技术进行了详细的理论分析,分别建立了有励磁电流前馈环和无励磁电流前馈环的发电系统的数学模型。比较2个系统的性能,发现有励磁电流前馈环的发电系统截止频率得到了较大的提高。实验表明,在突加负载和突卸负载2种情况下,加入励磁电流前馈环控制,系统能够迅速响应,保持稳定并且超调量小,动态性能得到了明显提高。该方法可推广到不同类型的航空发电系统的调压控制中。     

航空发动机空气起动系统性能匹配计算方法

为了探索航空发动机空气起动系统的匹配机理,寻找改善全包线内系统性能的技术途径,通过对系统各单元工作特性及相互制约条件的分析,在综合辅助动力装置(APU)、引气管路、调压装置、空气涡轮起动机(ATS)特性计算模型的基础上,发展了一种基于各单元匹配的空气起动系统性能计算方法。该方法能够准确获取系统设计点、各单元特征参数及边界条件,确定APU引气特性、引气管路损失特性、ATS喉道面积和调压装置蝶阀调节规律,进而实现空气起动系统全包线特性计算。利用试验数据对模型进行了校验,结果表明,输出功率计算误差3.5%、引气流量计算误差4%。该模型克服了目前工程上只能单点计算,且需反复迭代的缺陷,为空气起动系统总体性能设计和评估提供了一种有效的分析工具。     

某型发动机润滑供油系统流量仿真分析

为加快某型发动机的研制进度,保证其可靠工作,以现有发动机成熟润滑系统为基础进行润滑系统改进设计.为评估供油系统工作情况,利用英国流体系统仿真软件Flowmaster对供油系统进行部件级和系统级流量仿真分析.重点对系统中调压活门和调压差活门的溢流特性、压力与流量的关系进行仿真分析,得到满足系统循环量要求的调节量,根据仿真结果对系统各处喷嘴和节流嘴尺寸提出改进建议,包括调整前轴承腔8处喷嘴尺寸和附件机匣节流嘴尺寸等.     

时效和调压浇注对ZL101A-T6合金性能的影响

实验比较了重力铸造和调压铸造对ZL101A-T6铝合金的力学性能的影响。结果表明,在相同的熔铸工艺和热处理条件下,调压铸造试样的强度,特别是延伸率得到大幅度提高。     

液体火箭发动机实验台液路系统工作过程仿真

从一维可压缩液体的瞬变管流方程出发,采用有限体积法,对液体火箭发动机实验台液路系统工作过程进行了一维数值仿真,并将计算结果与实验结果进行了比较与分析。结果表明,该方法较好的描述了发动机实验台液路系统的工作过程,能为实验台系统的设计、故障诊断、优化以及实验发动机的性能分析提供指导。      

Sensorless synchronous reluctance drive with standstill starting

This paper presents a novel sensorless synchronous reluctance drive system. Based on the dynamic model of the synchronous reluctance motor (SRM), a new rotor position estimator is proposed. This estimator is only related to the rate change of the stator currents. It is not related to the parameters, speed, voltage, and external load of the motor. As a result, the estimator is simple and robust. Based on the proposed estimator, a sensorless synchronous reluctance drive has been implemented. This drive system can start from standstill and accelerate to a rated speed; the traditional open-loop starting method, therefore, is unnecessary. A digital signal processor, TMS-320-C30, is used to implement the estimating and control algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed system works well. The adjustable speed range can be from 1 r/min to 1800 r/min. Moreover, by adding the position-loop controller the proposed system can perform as a position control drive as well. Several experimental results validate the theoretical analysis.     

基于旋转高频信号注入法的内置式永磁同步电机低速段转子位置检测及其误差补偿

旋转高频信号注入法注入信号较为稳定,且位置估计过程不依赖电机参数,因而十分适用于内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)的零、低速转子位置检测。针对传统高频信号注入法无法辨别磁极的问题,用电压方波注入法检测磁极,结合有限元软件仿真,来合理选取方波电压幅值和时长,有效缩短了磁极判断耗时。分析了滤波器和信号离散化对位置估计精度的影响,提出在低速段可用线段拟合带通滤波器中心频率处的相频特性曲线,推导所需补偿角度与电机转速的关系。在理论分析的基础上,采用基于DSP28335的样机平台进行试验,结果表明磁极判断过程稳定,耗时较短,补偿后的位置估计值相比补偿前有明显改善,调速过程中系统动态性能良好。     

Design and implementation of a sensorless switched reluctance drivesystem

This paper presents a new sensorless switched reluctance drive system. The drive system can perform well when the system is operated in the pulse-width modulated (PWM) region. By suitably shaping an induced voltage in an inactive phase which is adjacent to an energized phase of a switched reluctance motor (SRM), the shaft position of the rotor can be easily obtained. As a result, the position sensor can be eliminated. First, the theoretical analysis of the proposed method is presented. By systematic theoretical analysis, a voltage signal which can easily estimate the shaft position of the motor is derived. This signal is only related to the input dc voltage of the converter, and the self and mutual inductances of the motor. Then, a new method to measure the self and mutual inductances of the SRM is proposed. After that, the design for a simple circuit which can synthesize the required voltage signal for rotor position estimation is presented. Next, how a 32-bit microprocessor system is used to execute the position and speed estimation, speed-loop control, and current-commands generation is shown. A closed-loop drive system is thus achieved. Several simulated and experimental results validate the theoretical analysis. A new direction in the design and implementation of a sensorless switched reluctance drive system is presented     

Experimental,analytical and numerical investigation on tensile behavior of twisted fiber yarns

Stitched composite materials are emerging as a promising material due to their high interlaminar strength, combined performance and light weight. The mechanical properties of stitch yarns are very essential for stitched composite structures. In this study, the tensile behaviors of the twisted fiber yarn in stitched composites were investigated experimentally, analytically and numerically. Two kinds of cross-sectional area of twisted yarn are proposed and discussed. The paper presents an intersecting circle model to describe the cross-section of twisted fiber yarns, and a physics-based theoretical model to predict the effective tensile moduli. The numerical models take into account the cross-sectional characteristic and the twist architecture. The investigation shows that: the sum of each fiber area should be used for experimental analysis; and the cross-sectional area surrounded by the yarn profile should be used for theoretical predictions and finite element (FE) simulations. The relative errors of the prediction method and the FE simulation are less than 2% and 1%, respectively. The friction between the fibers is derived, and the effect of friction on mechanical properties is discussed. The investigation method will serve as a fundamental component of twisted fiber bundle/yarn analysis.     

俄罗斯SAM-6导弹进气道气动特性计算

本文对ＳＡＭ—６导弹进气道的气动特性进行了计算。同时列出了ＳＡＭ—６导弹进气 道实物吹风实验得到的总压恢复系数σＫ,对实验结果与理论计算结果进行了分析。     

多相开路故障下的双三相PMSM统一容错控制策略

多相电机在定子开路故障下具有良好的容错性能,与此相关的设备和控制策略改进方面的研究理论也不断被提出。然而,却少有基于统一模型的适用于多相开路故障的容错控制策略。提出了一种应用于双三相永磁同步电机(PMSM)系统三相或三相以下开路故障的容错控制策略,并获得了良好的电机电力和动态性能。针对发生单相到三相开路故障的PMSM提出了统一数学模型,提取出每种故障下对应电机不对称性的矩阵。通过电压方程,推导出每种故障对应的解耦变换矩阵。为了对相电流中的每种谐波进行无差别抑制,建立了谐波子空间。考虑开路故障相数的增加,提出了用于三相开路的有中性点电流的容错控制策略,达到了降低相电流幅值和提升系统冗余度的目的。最后通过试验和仿真结果,验证了理论分析的正确性。     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INFRARED RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS FROM HOT JET

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航空发动机砂尘吸入物静电监测仿真实验

提出了航空发动机砂尘吸入物静电监测的仿真实验方法,实验以软件ANSYS电磁场分析模块建立有限元模型为基础,模拟不同粒径、荷质比、运动速度及质量浓度情况下砂尘吸入物的静电感应信号,并分别从时域与频域对感应电荷与电压信号进行分析,研究砂尘吸入物的粒径及其他宏观参数与静电监测信号之间的关系,建立用以表征砂尘颗粒粒径大小的特征指标。基于IDMS(进气监测系统)感应电压信号功率谱密度分布建立了特征向量,并以其曼哈顿距离与欧氏距离作为特征指标表征砂尘颗粒粒径大小。经仿真实验验证:特征指标与砂尘粒径呈正相关,且不受砂尘吸入物运动速度及荷质比变化的影响,但受砂尘吸入物质量浓度影响。进一步研究将利用质量浓度对特征指标进行修正,并开展验证实验。      

Novel AC-DC and DC-DC converters with a diode-capacitor multiplier

This paper presents a transformerless ac-dc and or dc-dc converter with a high output voltage multiplicity, which contains only one switch. The converter consists of an inverter and a diode-capacitor multiplier (DCM) and provides a voltage gain equal to double the number of multiplier steps. In the case of ac-dc conversion the proposed converter offers a practically unit power factor and provides a sine wave input current. The analysis of the steady state as well as the transient behavior of the DCM is given and simplified equivalent circuits are proposed. The prototype of the DCM has been built and tested to show the validity of the proposed converter. The theoretical analysis, the computer simulation results, and the experimental testing results are in good agreement.