几种基于组合方法的复合材料层合板壳单元

 为了方便合适地选取单元进行工程分析,本文基于开放式结构有限元分析系统SiPESC.FEMS,提出一种基于经典模型的复合材料层合板壳单元程序计算框架。此框架利用组合的方法,考虑平面壳单元中板、膜单元之间的关系以及程序编制过程中的重用性、灵活性等特点,采用了软件设计中的构造器(Builder)模式实现不同的复合材料层合板壳单元。本框架具有一定的通用性和可扩展性,能够处理复杂荷载、边界条件及三维空间不同材料铺设方向的层合板壳的结构分析问题。基于此方法实现了5种复合材料层合板壳单元,通过数值算例分析对比讨论各单元性能,显示了本框架具有简单实用等特点以及采用组合方法构造单元的优势。     

局部贴敷黏弹性阻尼层圆柱壳振动频率与阻尼有限元分析

在引入黏弹性材料复模量模型和考虑圆柱壳弹性边界的基础上,研发了有限元程序来解决考虑频率依赖性的复合圆柱壳振动频率与阻尼的非线性计算问题。创建了一种4节点24自由度复合壳单元来模拟局部贴敷黏弹性阻尼层圆柱壳的力学行为,推导了单元的刚度及质量矩阵。提出由6个弹簧组组成的周向变刚度弹性约束模型来模拟圆柱壳底部的弹性边界条件。确定了复合圆柱壳的动力学有限元方程,并描述了用特征向量增值法求解其振动频率与阻尼的迭代计算过程。对贴敷ZN-1自由阻尼层圆柱壳进行了实例计算,结果表明：该算法的计算结果与实验测试值误差最大为369%,另外黏弹性材料的频率依赖性对复合结构固有频率影响小于001%,而对模态损耗因子影响最大为10947%。     

开孔Voronoi泡沫支柱形状变化对力学性能的影响

针对开孔泡沫材料提出了新的支柱形状控制方程,并在Voronoi随机泡沫模型基础上,研究了支柱形状变化对其各向同性弹性性能、非线性压缩和拉伸力学行为的影响;讨论了支柱细腰程度和模型随机度共同作用的影响效果,并比较了两种因素作用效果的大小.结果表明,支柱细腰程度的增大明显降低了泡沫材料的弹性模量和无量纲应力.同时,支柱细腰程度对泡沫力学性能的影响要大于模型随机度的影响,并随模型随机度的增加而增大.      

一个非线性拟协调退化壳有限元

 根据非线性协调有限元列式方法,构造了几何非线性拟协调9结点四边形退化壳有限元。首先给出9结点四边形退化壳单元的几何描述和位移模式;接着讨论了非线性协调有限元列式方法;假设应力和应变;然后用所构造的壳单元,进行了方板、圆拱、球壳和圆柱壳的数值分析,并同精确解以及其他单元的解答进行了比较。结果表明本文壳单元是准确的和有效的。     

蜂窝夹层结构中胶粘剂的模拟和研究

提出了一套定量研究蜂窝夹层板中胶粘剂作用的方法。从建立蜂窝芯、胶粘剂和面板的板单元有限元模型出发,用有限元软件计算了在线弹性范围内有胶粘剂和无胶粘剂蜂窝夹层板模型在受均布载荷情况下的变形,并作了对比分析,指出了胶粘剂对夹层板的加强作用,为定量研究胶粘剂在夹层结构中作用的模拟开辟道路。同时对胶粘剂的剥离性能进行了研究,总结了影响胶粘性能的因素。     

高温环境下板壳结构局部屈曲理论研究

传统高温板壳结构的热屈曲分析方法,在解决热-机械载荷耦合作用下复杂板壳结构的屈曲问题时存在较大的局限性,合理的局部热屈曲理论分析方法有助于提高板壳热结构设计水平。因此,根据高温板壳的结构特征和力学特征,在"机械载荷等效成局部边界压应力效应"假设前提下,提出了四种典型的应力等效的局部热屈曲模型,基于初始后屈曲渐近分析理论,建立了一套有效的局部热屈曲理论分析方法。采用上述方法,研究了完善和具有初始缺陷板壳的弹性热后屈曲性态,具体分析了带预载的四边简支模型,带预载的四边固支模型,带预载的三边简支、一边自由模型以及带预载的三边固支、一边自由模型,给出了板壳长度尺寸、厚度等参数对热屈曲载荷的影响规律,并将其推广到高阶热屈曲问题中。分析结果表明:板体现为分叉式屈曲,壳体现为跳跃式屈曲;在长宽比一定的情况下,长度越长,屈曲临界载荷越小,厚度越厚,屈曲临界载荷越高。     

双层柱壳和单层柱壳战斗部侵彻性能对比分析

采用数值模拟的方法对双层柱壳和单层柱壳的半穿甲爆破型战斗部的侵彻性能进行了对比分析。计算发现：侵彻20 mm厚靶板时,采用双层柱壳不会对战斗部侵彻性能产生明显影响,但是在侵彻较厚的25 mm靶板时,双层柱壳战斗部的侵彻性能要比单层柱壳战斗部略差;而焊接强度对双层柱壳战斗部侵彻性能的影响比单层柱壳要大。     

各向异性Kelvin开孔泡沫模型的弹性性能

在弹性小变形情况下,基于构造的各向异性Kelvin模型对开孔泡沫材料的变形进行了分析。综合考虑了胞体中斜支柱的轴向、弯曲和剪切变形以及水平支柱的轴向变形的影响,利用最小势能原理得到了材料的弹性性能与各向异性比及相对密度的关系。研究结果表明,各向异性比越大,沿胞体伸长方向的相对弹性模量和泊松比越大,而在垂直于胞体伸长方向上的相应值反而越小;两个方向上的相对弹性模量均随相对密度增加而增大,泊松比的变化趋势则正好相反。本文预测结果较好地符合了实验数据的变化趋势,且与已有的G-K模型比较接近,证明了该模型的有效性。     

直板叶片振动响应试验的相似关系确定方法

针对直板叶片弹性振动响应相似问题,基于板壳振动理论,根据方程分析法得到叶片振动响应相似关系,并采用ANSYS有限元软件对原型与模型进行数值仿真对比。基于振动响应的机理分析,通过相似关系得到载荷加载时间等参数,结合有限元预测系数法对模型叶片振动响应时程曲线进行校正。针对不完全几何相似关系,通过敏感性分析法确定畸变模型与原型在固有频率、加载时间以及位移等参数下的相似比。结果表明:通过相似理论结合有限元预测系数法可以提高模型时程曲线预测精度;采用敏感性分析法得到了振动响应不完全几何相似关系,解决了大时间相似比下的响应预测问题。为实际工程中大型复杂结构的相似模型设计奠定了理论基础。     

跨声速开式空腔模型分离特性研究

采用非定常RANS方程求解器、非结构动网格技术及六自由度方程耦合的数值仿真技术,对跨声速条件下的开式空腔模型分离特性进行仿真研究,对比分析了高度、弹射力组合以及斜板措施对模型分离轨迹及姿态的影响。仿真结果表明,较高的飞行高度有利于改善模型的分离特性;弹射力对模型姿态影响较大,当弹射力组合提供一定的低头力矩时,模型分离下落较平稳;斜板措施可有效地改善模型下落姿态角,更利于安全分离。     

Numerical Modeling of the Compression Process of Elastic Open-cell Foams

The random models of open-cell foams that can reflect the actual cell geometrical properties are constructed with the Voronoi technique. The compression process of elastic open-cell foams is simulated with the nonlinear calculation module of finite element analysis program. In order to get the general results applicable to this kind of materials, the dimensionless compressive stress is used and the stress-strain curves of foam models with different geometrical properties are obtained. Then, the influences of open-cell geometrical properties, including the shape of strut cross section, relative density and cell shape irregularity, on the compressive nonlinear mechani- cal performance are analyzed. In addition, the numerical results are compared with the predicted results of cubic staggering model. Numerical results indicate that the simulated results reflect the compressive process of foams quite well and the geometrical properties of cell have significant influences on the nonlinear mechanical behavior of foams.     

壁面厚度随机度对闭孔Voronoi泡沫材料弹性性能的影响

基于闭孔Voronoi随机模型,通过引入壁面厚度随机度,研究了壁面厚度不均匀性对各向同性和各向异性闭孔泡沫弹性性能的影响,并讨论了壁面厚度随机度与模型随机度共同作用下的影响效果.结果表明,壁面厚度随机度对各向同性和各向异性弹性模量均起减小的作用,且其在各向同性时的影响效果要低于模型随机度的影响,而在各向异性情况下则要高于模型随机度的影响.但是,壁面厚度随机度对闭孔泡沫的泊松比影响却很小.      

A novel surrogate modeling strategy of the mechanical properties of 3D braided composites

In this paper, a surrogate-based modeling methodology is developed and presented to predict the elastic properties of three dimensional (3D) four-directional braided composites. Using this approach, the prediction process becomes feasible with only a limited number of training points. The surrogate models constructed using Finite Element (FE) method and Diffuse Approximation, reduce the computational time and cost for preparing experimental samples. In the FE model, multiscale method is applied to couple the computations of elastic properties at microscale and mesoscale. Subsequently, a parametric study is performed to analyze the effects of the three design parameters on the elastic properties. Satisfactory results are obtained via the surrogate-based modeling predictions, which are compared with the experimental measurements. Moreover, the predictions obtained from surrogate models concur well with the FE predictions. This study orients a new direction for predicting the mechanical properties based on surrogate models which can effectively reduce the sample preparation cost and computational efforts.     

基于静强度分布的复合材料疲劳寿命分布的预测模型(英文)

The reasons of the static strength dispersion and the fatigue life dispersion of composite laminates are analyzed in this article. It is concluded that the inner original defects, which derived from the manufacturing process of composite laminates, are the common and major reason of causing the random distributions of the static strength and the fatigue life. And there is a correlative relation between the two distributions. With the study of statistical relationship between the fatigue loading and the fatigue life in the uniform confidence level and the same survival rate S-N curves of material, the relationship between the static strength distribution and the fatigue life distribution through a material S-N curve model has been obtained. And then the model which is used to describe the distributions of fatigue life of composites, based on their distributions of static strength, is set up. This model reasonably reflects the effects of the inner original defects on the static strength dispersion and on the fatigue life dispersion of composite laminates. The experimental data of three kinds of composite laminates are employed to verify this model, and the results show that this model can predict the random distributions of fatigue life for composites under any fatigue loads fairly well.     

重力作用下的粒子扩散模型及数值模拟

建立了粒子在重力、流体阻力和随机力作用下的烟幕扩散模型,测试了某种纳米碳纤维材料在烟幕箱里的扩散,利用线性回归分析估计了测试光路上的质量浓度,计算了烟幕的沉降速率。分别用本文建立的模型和随机游走模型模拟了该材料在烟幕箱里的扩散过程,模拟计算得到的质量浓度和沉降速率表明,本文建立的模型所模拟的结果更接近于实际测量结果。     

基于均匀化方法的缝纫层压板拉伸弹性模量有限元预测

利用均匀化方法研究缝纫复合材料层压板的弹性性能，给出了相应的数学分析模型。建立了有限元分析的单胞模型，并进行求解。计算结果表明，利用这种半解析模型可以得到缝纫层压板的弹性模量的上下限，其平均值与实验结果平均值吻合得很好。     

Research on the Plane Multiple Cracks Stress Intensity Factors Based on Stochastic Finite Element Method

Taylor stochastic finite element method (SFEM) is applied to analyze the uncertainty of plane multiple cracks stress intensity factors (SIFs) considering the uncertainties of material properties, crack length, and load. The stochastic finite element model of plane multiple cracks are presented. In this model, crack tips are meshed with six-node triangular quarter-point elements; and other area is meshed with six-node triangular elements. The partial derivatives of displacement and stiffness matrix with respect to all the random variables obtained by Taylor SFEM are derived. Meanwhile, the mean and variance expressions of SIF under uncertain factors are also derived. Parallel double-crack illustrative example of using the proposed method is given. The calculation results indicate that the uncertainty of SIF is influenced by the distance of the cracks, the smaller the distance of cracks is, the greater the SIF uncertainty is, and the uncertainties of material elastic modulus, load and crack length markedly affect the uncertainty of SIF; and the Poisson ratio of material has little influence. Among the variables, the elastic modulus has the greatest effect on SIF uncertainty. The next is external load. The crack length has lower effect on SIF uncertainty than both the elastic modulus and external load.     

颗粒在非各向同性均匀湍流中的扩散

本文是颗粒在非各向同性均匀湍流场中扩散的数值研究结果。通过采用一组预置协方差的随机数模拟雷诺应力来表示随机的湍流流场。本文报导了湍流强度、速度松弛时间和雷诺应力对颗粒扩散的影响。     

用Monte Carlo法分析固体火箭发动机推力终止过程内弹道散布

用辨识方法确定了带反喷固体火箭发动机推力终止过程中的瞬变参数，视这些参数是服从正态分布的随机变量，用Ｍｏｎｔｅ ｃａｒｌｏ方法分析了推力终止过程内弹道的散布。结果显示，推力终止过程中不同时刻压力散布服从正态分布，据此求出了弹道散布的数字特征和分布函数，研究结果对带反喷管的固体火箭发动机设计有参考价值。