一种惯导系统工具误差在线估计方法研究

为了在高动态条件下对惯导系统工具误差进行在线估计,提出了基于卫星导航接收机原始测量信息的惯导/卫星导航深组合导航滤波方法,该方法是以卫星导航接收机伪距和伪距率作为观测量,对惯导系统位置、速度、姿态角和陀螺、加速度计零位等误差进行实时估计,并进行闭环补偿,解决了惯导系统长航时使用时,惯导系统误差随时间快速发散等问题。经理论仿真和试验验证,该方法可以有效地抑制惯导系统误差,具有工程实用价值。     

基于对偶四元数的INS/GPS组合导航算法研究

在基于对偶四元数的捷联惯导解算方法的基础上,推导了以惯性系作为导航系的惯导误差方程,在此基础上设计了卡尔曼滤波组合导航算法。通过激光惯导跑车采集数据,进行了仿真分析,试验结果表明,该组合导航算法能有效的消除惯导累积的速度误差和位置误差,相比于目前广泛应用的INS/GPS组合导航算法,本文描述了INS/GPS组合导航的另一种实现方式,获得了相当的精度,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

载波相位平滑伪距在GPS/SINS紧组合导航系统中的应用

针对GPS/SINS紧组合导航系统中伪距噪声大从而引起组合导航系统精度低的问题,提出了将载波相位平滑伪距方法引入到组合导航系统中,利用具有较高精度的载波相位对低精度伪距进行平滑滤波,在建立观测方程的同时,为了减小Kalman滤波器计算量,选用最佳4颗卫星的伪距与伪距率作为观测值,并提出了一种四面体选星法,该方法不需要进行矩阵求逆运算,减小了运算量。利用光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统与GPS接收机搭建了实验验证系统,通过车载实验对所提出的方法进行了验证,实验结果表明,经过载波相位平滑后的伪距噪声得到了降低,从而能够进一步提高GPS/SINS组合导航系统的定位精度,其位置误差均方根值相比无载波相位平滑减小近40%。     

动态自适应GPS/INS组合导航方法

为了提高导航测量系统的精度,改善其可靠性,提出了一种动态自适应高精度GPS/INS组合导航的新形式。这种新形式通过判断GPS可见卫星数目,动态自适应调整组合导航方法,保证了组合导航结果的高精度。在RTK GPS可靠基线范围内,且可观测卫星数目大于等于4的情况下,利用RTK GPS的cm级的定位定速结果与INS进行松组合;而在因信号干扰或建筑物阻挡造成卫星失锁时,利用GPS伪距、伪距率与INS进行紧组合。通过仿真验证了方法的高精度,具有良好的应用前景。     

信息融合技术在组合导航系统中的应用

提出了无线电近程导航系统(RSRN S)与IN S/GPS的综合过程,探讨了RSRN S和IN S/GPS综合应用过程中的信息融合技术问题。采用GPS伪距、伪距率以及无线电近程导航定位与IN S组合,建立了卡尔曼滤波方程,设计了飞行轨迹,对相关的信息融合技术进行了初步讨论,并给出了惯性元件精度较低时组合系统的仿真输出。这种组合导航方案可以充分利用各种导航传感器的信息,有效提高导航系统的精度。     

空空导弹SINS飞行中对准技术

针对空空导弹捷联惯导系统传递对准的精度和快速性之间的矛盾,设计一种利用弹载北斗卫星导航信息的捷联惯导系统飞行中对准算法,详细推导了惯性系下基于北斗卫星伪距/伪距率的飞行中对准模型,优化了飞行中对准的量测方程,对北斗卫星接收机的钟差和钟漂进行了降维处理.相应的数学仿真试验结果表明,所提算法能够在飞行过程中实现捷联惯导系统的初始对准,在10s内对准精度优于6',同时该算法通过在线标定惯性传感器随机启动误差,能够提高捷联惯导系统导航精度和导弹系统抗干扰能力.     

SINS/GNSS组合导航测试系统用惯导模拟源技术研究

针对光纤陀螺SINS(捷联惯性导航系统)与GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)组合导航产品高动态性能测试难的问题,本文研究了一种组合导航测试系统,并对捷联惯导模拟源进行了重点研究.首先以捷联惯导解算算法为基础逆推出了捷联惯导模拟源算法,然后对捷联惯导模拟源进行了功能实现,可以与导航卫星信号模拟源同步向组合导航计算机发送数据用于组合导航解算.最后对捷联惯导模拟源的功能与性能进行了验证.结果表明,捷联惯导模拟源功能正常,模拟数据的精度达到设计要求.利用此惯导模拟源与导航卫星信号模拟源配套使用,将可满足后续SINS/GNSS组合导航系统的相关性能测试或验证要求.     

基于伪距/伪距率的组合导航系统仿真

在GPS／SINS组合导航系统的研究中,对基于位置,速度组合模式的研究相对成熟,而基于伪距,伪距率组合模式的研究相对较少。而基于伪距,伪距率的组合导航系统研究中又以协方差仿真居多,基于仿真数据和实测数据的研究更少。文章对基于伪距,伪距率的GPS／SINS组合导航系统进行仿真研究,建立了系统各模块的数学模型并进行Matlab仿真;然后,设定系统中各项参数,获得仿真数据;对同一组仿真数据进行基于伪距,伪距率和基于位置,速度的导航计算,并将计算结果对比研究。由实验结果可知：与基于位置／黻的组合模式相比,基于伪距,伪距率的组合模式具有更高的导航精度。     

伪距解除相关法在GPS/SINS紧组合系统中的应用研究

 介绍了伪距解除相关法的原理 ,设计了一种加权平均跟踪误差估计器 ,用以估计 GPS接收机码环跟踪误差。研究结果表明 ,与未对伪距测量值进行修正时相比 ,应用伪距解除相关技术可以减小组合系统的导航误差 ,提高系统的导航精度     

基于INS/GNSS紧耦合组合的逐步诱导式欺骗检测算法研究

传统惯性辅助GNSS欺骗信号检测方法对小于纯惯导误差漂移的逐步拉偏不敏感。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于INS/GNSS紧耦合组合的逐步诱导式欺骗信号检测方法。基于短时间内纯惯性导航结果和短时间惯导系统位置误差传播模型,利用惯导提供的位置和速度对伪距和伪距率时间序列进行预测估算,并结合伪距、伪距率实际测量结果,分别构造位置/伪距和速度/伪距率时间序列模型做参数拟合。基于真实信号得到的模型参数都是由惯导系统误差造成的,具有一致性;而基于逐步诱导式欺骗信号得到的模型参数还与欺骗策略的设定、载体飞行轨迹的观测以及干扰源的位置有关,具有不一致性。通过对比模型参数可判别欺骗信号的存在,对于真实信号,采用紧耦合组合导航修正INS输出;对于欺骗信号,继续惯性导航并采取相应措施。最后,根据逐步诱导式欺骗原理进行实验仿真,验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

改进的GPS/INS组合导航选星算法

 在已有的 GPS定位的选星算法的基础上,从组合系统量测矩阵出发提出了一种适用于 GPS/INS组合导航的选星算法。此算法在原有算法的基础上,考虑了卫星仰角、方位角对卡尔曼滤波器可观性的影响,避免因观测量与系统状态间关联项的减少而导致的滤波器可观性下降,从而保证滤波器性能的稳定。     

GPS/BDS/INS tightly coupled integration accuracy improvement using an improved adaptive interacting multiple model with classified measurement update

An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is commonly used to fuse raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements and Inertial Navigation System (INS) derived measurements. However, the Conventional EKF (CEKF) suffers the problem for which the uncertainty of the statistical properties to dynamic and measurement models will degrade the performance. In this research, an Adaptive Interacting Multiple Model (AIMM) filter is developed to enhance performance. The soft-switching property of Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm allows the adaptation between two levels of process noise, namely lower and upper bounds of the process noise. In particular, the Sage adaptive filtering is applied to adapt the measurement covariance on line. In addition, a classified measurement update strategy is utilized, which updates the pseudorange and Doppler observations sequentially. A field experiment was conducted to validate the proposed algorithm, the pseudorange and Doppler observations from Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) were post-processed in differential mode. The results indicate that decimeter-level positioning accuracy is achievable with AIMM for GPS/INS and GPS/BDS/INS configurations, and the position accuracy is improved by 35.8%, 34.3% and 33.9% for north, east and height components, respectively, compared to the CEKF counterpart for GPS/BDS/INS. Degraded performance for BDS/INS is obtained due to the lower precision of BDS pseudorange observations.     

用于SAR运动补偿的DGPS/SINS组合系统研究

 使用考虑位置误差相关项的伪距率观测模型 ,研究了用于合成孔径雷达运动补偿的差分 GPS/ SINS伪距率组合系统。结果表明 ,组合系统的长期位置精度能达到 1 m左右。 GPS数据更新率低于 INS,在 GPS测量时间间隔内 ,组合系统的性能仅由 INS决定。虽然 INS误差随时间积累 ,在 GPS数据更新率为 1 s的情况下 ,即使采用中等精度的惯性仪表 ,其相对位置精度为厘米级 (这里相对位置精度指组合系统在 GPS测量时间间隔内位置误差的变化范围)。     

平流层飞艇升降阶段BPNN惯性导航算法

软式平流层飞艇艇体在上升和下降时经常呈堆叠状态，GPS信号会被艇体间歇性遮挡，因而只能采用惯性导航。为保证在飞艇上升和下降过程中，INS/GPS组合导航系统在被艇体遮挡GPS时仍能够提供满足精度要求的导航信息，设计了一种改进的反向传播神经网络(Back Propagation Neural Network, BPNN）惯性导航算法。采用神经网络，根据惯性导航系统在1s内的速度均值和姿态变化量，预估其在1s末的位置误差和速度误差，并对惯性导航结果进行修正。仿真实验和跑车试验结果表明，在GPS失效的30s内，新算法使得位置误差低于15m，速度误差低于0.7m/s，误差相比纯惯性导航降低了85%。     

Multi-sensor optimal data fusion for INS/GPS/SAR integrated navigation system

INS/GPS/SAR integrated navigation system represents the trend of next generation navigation systems with the high performance of independence, high precision and reliability. This paper presents a new multi-sensor data fusion methodology for INS/GPS/SAR integrated navigation systems. This methodology combines local decentralized fusion with global optimal fusion to enhance the accuracy and reliability of integrated navigation systems. A decentralized estimation fusion method is established for individual integrations of GPS and SAR into INS to obtain the local optimal state estimations in a parallel manner. A global optimal estimation fusion theory is studied to fuse the local optimal estimations for generating the global optimal state estimation of INS/GPS/SAR integrated navigation systems. The global data fusion features a method of variance upper finiteness and a method of variance upper bound to ensure that the global optimal state estimation can be achieved under a general condition. Experimental results demonstrate that INS/GPS/SAR integrated navigation systems achieved by using the proposed methodology have a better performance than INS/GPS integrated systems.     

INS/GPS组合系统在反舰导弹导航制导中的应用

为了提高反舰导弹的精确制导效率,提出了INS／GPS(惯性导航/卫星导航)相结合的导航方法,分析了INS与GPS相结合时的误差模型、整个系统的性能及滤波算法,并对INS／GPS 组合导航的应用前景做了一般性的分析。     

GPS Aided Inertial Navigation

The Global Positioning System is an extremely accurate satellite-based navigation system which, after its completion in 1989, will provide users worldwide, 24 hour. all weather coverage. A joint research project among Boeing, Rockwell-Collins, and Northrop has been completed in which a GPS receiver was integrated with a low-cost strap-down inertial navigation system and a flight computer. A Kalman filter in the latter allows in-fight alignment and calibration of the INS. In addition, feedback from the INS to the GPS receiver improves the system's ability to reacquire satellite signals after outages. The resulting system combines the accuracy of GPS with the jamming immunity and autonomy of inertial navigation. System tests were conducted in which a Boeing owned T-33 jet aircraft was flown through known test pattern to align and calibrate the INS. Earlier tests, including tests against an airborne jammer, were conducted in a modified passenger bus.     

INTEGRATED GPS/INS OF PSEUDO-RANGE DELTA-RANGE SEMI-PHYSICAL SIMULATION''S RESEARCH

In order to further study the performance of tightly integrated navigation system of GPS/INS, a semi-physical simulation of tightly coupled system has been done based on the data gathered from the experiment of integrated system of GPS and INS. The closed-loop Kalman Filter and U-D discompose algorithm have been used. The simulation results associated to four integrated models of pseudo-range, delta-range, pseudo-range and delta-range alternation, and pseudo-range and delta-range synthesis have been provided, and the actual effects of variously integrated models have been analyzed. The results show that the pseudo-range and delta-range synthesis coupled model is the most effective to improve the coupled system performance and the individual delta-range coupled model had better be avoided in application.     

有色噪声作用下的机载INS/GPS组合导航方法

针对机载导航过程中有色噪声模型系数难以精确获取的问题,提出了一种基于滤波残差处理有色噪声的方法,并将其应用到INS/GPS组合导航系统中。首先分析了有色状态噪声和有色量测噪声对状态参数估值的影响,接着分别将状态残差和量测残差作为有色状态噪声和有色量测噪声的样本观测值,通过滤波所得的多个历元的残差序列获取拟合模型参数,然后计算有色噪声的预报值并将其进行补偿,从而得到有色噪声修正后的组合导航模型。最后设计了转台试验验证提出的有色噪声作用下的INS/GPS组合导航方法,结果表明该方法能有效地减小有色噪声对组合系统的影响,且当GPS暂时失效时,能显著提高系统的导航精度。