实测下击暴流作用下大跨斜拉桥抖振响应分析

为研究大跨斜拉桥在下击暴流作用下的抖振响应,以赤石大桥桥址处实测下击暴流风时程数据为基础,采用小波变换法提取下击暴流时变平均风速,得到随时间变化的调制函数,以Kaimal谱为目标谱,采用谐波叠加法模拟桥址区脉动风速并加以调制,实现了桥址区下击暴流风时程模拟。在此基础上,分别进行下击暴流风场和大气边界层风场作用下的大跨度斜拉桥施工状态静风响应和非线性时域抖振响应计算。结果表明:模拟下击暴流风速时程与实测下击暴流风速时程吻合较好。下击暴流风场模拟脉动风时变功率谱的幅值明显大于大气边界层B类风场模拟脉动风时变功率谱幅值。当桥面高度处下击暴流风与大气边界层风速相同时,考虑下击暴流时变平均风效应计算得到的桥梁主梁梁端静风效应的最大值,约为采用10min常值平均风计算的桥梁主梁梁端静风效应最大值的1.20倍左右;下击暴流风作用下桥梁主梁梁端、桥塔塔顶抖振响应均方根(RMS)值分别比大气边界层风场作用下的计算值大,最大比值约为2.8。     

基于气动参数之间关系的桥梁断面气动导纳识别

气动导纳的准确估计对大跨桥梁抖振分析具有重要意义.目前在识别方法、试验技术等方面均有诸多进展,但尚未建立识别全部气动导纳函数的方法.针对这一问题,基于气动导数与气动导纳之间的关系,结合根据紊流风场中的抖振响应同时识别桥梁结构气动导数和气动导纳这一思路,首先采用随机子空间法识别得到紊流风场中桥梁结构的气动导数,然后利用气动导数与气动导纳之间的近似关系获取与竖向脉动风分量对应的气动导纳函数,最后根据抖振力谱和脉动风速谱来确定与水平向脉动风分量对应的气动导纳函数.实例研究表明,本文方法对流线型断面气动导纳的识别是可行的.     

考虑桥塔风效应的斜拉桥时域抖振分析

大跨度桥梁频域及时域抖振分析中通常仅考虑主梁的脉动风效应.本文根据大跨度斜拉桥结构形式及振动型态的特点,结合自然风的相关特性,对大跨度斜拉桥三维脉动风场进行简化,从而基于谱解法同时模拟了主梁及桥塔的脉动风速场.基于模拟的随机风场对结构风荷载进行时域化,进而建立系统运动控制方程.由于自激力的存在,结构的运动控制方程为非线性方程,本文提出了一种迭代方法来考虑由自激力引起的运动方程的非线性.为考察桥塔脉动风速场的影响,分别进行了考虑桥塔风场和不考虑桥塔风场两种情况下桥梁抖振响应的分析,两种方法的分析结果表明,考虑桥塔风场将显著增大桥塔横桥向抖振响应.     

台风“麦莎”作用下润扬悬索桥抖振响应实测研究

既有桥梁抖振响应的现场实测研究,是桥梁风工程研究领域的重要手段之一.2005年8月,台风"麦莎"突袭江苏,本文以遭受该台风袭击的润扬长江大桥南汊悬索桥为工程背景,利用该桥结构健康监测系统(SHMS)中风速仪和加速度传感器实时采集的数据,采用时频分析和统计方法对大跨悬索桥的抖振响应进行了现场实测案例研究,主要研究内容包括桥址区的强风特性分析、主梁和缆索振动响应特性分析、振动与风速的关系等.研究结果可用于验证现有抖振理论分析方法的可靠性,同时为其它同类型大跨缆索承重桥梁的抗风设计提供参考.     

超大跨度斜拉桥裸塔风致抖振MTMD控制研究北大核心CSCD

以主跨1088m的苏通大桥为工程背景,根据规范推荐的风谱模型分别模拟了不同风速下裸塔结构的三维脉动风场,基于ANSYS进行了裸塔在强风作用下的风致抖振响应及其MTMD减振控制研究,重点探讨了MTMD用于大型斜拉桥裸塔抖振控制的效果及其中的关键影响因素。结果表明:TMD的数量、MTMD的质量比、频带宽、阻尼比等参数的变化对其减振效果的影响不尽一致;合理设置MTMD参数可大大降低斜拉桥裸塔的抖振位移响应,实现主塔结构抖振的有效控制。分析结果可为大跨度斜拉桥裸塔结构的风致抖振控制提供参考。     

超大跨度斜拉桥裸塔风致抖振MTMD控制研究

以主跨1088m的苏通大桥为工程背景,根据规范推荐的风谱模型分别模拟了不同风速下裸塔结构的三维脉动风场,基于ANSYS进行了裸塔在强风作用下的风致抖振响应及其MTMD减振控制研究,重点探讨了MTMD用于大型斜拉桥裸塔抖振控制的效果及其中的关键影响因素。结果表明:TMD的数量、MTMD的质量比、频带宽、阻尼比等参数的变化对其减振效果的影响不尽一致;合理设置MTMD参数可大大降低斜拉桥裸塔的抖振位移响应,实现主塔结构抖振的有效控制。分析结果可为大跨度斜拉桥裸塔结构的风致抖振控制提供参考。     

重庆大宁河特大桥成桥状态抖振响应分析

目前桥梁的抗风研究主要针对平原开阔地区,复杂山地风作用下桥梁的抗风问题研究很少。以重庆大宁河钢桁架特大拱桥为对象,通过现场实测,得到了该桥桥址处的风环境特性,包括平均风速沿高度的变化规律、湍流强度、脉动风功率谱密度函数以及湍流积分尺度等参数。根据风特性参数,计算出该桥在成桥状态下的抖振力和响应值,结果表明：即使在45m/s风速下,抖振位移响应也在公路桥梁抗风设计规范（JTG/T D60-01-2004）规定范围内。山区地貌中的平均风速沿高度的变化规律不符合公路桥梁抗风设计规范给出的指数变化率分布,湍流强度明显大于规范值。     

基于近海海面观测的台风黑格比风特性研究

根据在博贺海洋观测站测得的0814台风黑格比三维风速时程,首先探讨了实测数据质量的判别准则及处理方法,进而研究了平均风场特性:风剖面、风攻角、梯度风高度以及脉动风场特性:湍流强度、阵风因子、时间尺度、积分尺度、脉动风速谱等。研究结果表明:近海海面指数律风剖面指数a远小于建筑结构荷载规范推荐值;台风风场结构本身存在3°～7°正攻角;在近海海面上阵风因子均值为1.23;顺风向湍流强度平均值为0.10,三向湍流强度的比值为1∶0.80∶0.43;水平向时间尺度基本上均小于30s,竖向时间尺度均小于10s;纵向和横向积分尺度较为接近,大于竖向积分尺度;不同区域的实测风速谱与各经验风速谱均存在一定差异,与von Karman谱吻合相对较好。     

冲击风作用下大跨屋盖多模态随机风致响应研究

雷暴冲击风是一种近地面短时产生的瞬态强风,它与传统的边界层风场特征具有明显的差别,冲击风将会引起屋盖的强烈振动,甚至发生破坏.本文根据混合随机模型,详细研究了冲击风风场的数值模拟方法.应用Wood竖直风剖面方程与Holmes经验模型模拟平均风场,使用稳态高斯随机过程模拟脉动风场,模拟的风场与实际的雷暴冲击风较为一致.结合多阶模态加速度法和等效风荷载原理,详细推导了大跨屋盖随机风致响应的计算方法.结合边界层风洞试验,比较冲击风产生的表面风压特性,计算得到屋盖冲击风致动力响应时程,并研究了冲击风作用下大跨屋盖荷载风效应系数和位移风效应系数的分布特点.研究结果可作为评估大跨屋盖冲击风致响应的一种参考.     

非高斯风场作用下桥梁抖振响应研究

为研究非高斯风场作用下桥梁结构的抖振响应特性，以太洪长江大桥为例，基于Hermite多项式模型，模拟了非高斯脉动风场时程，计算了不同平均风速下不同非高斯特性脉动风场的抖振响应。结果表明：非高斯风场作用下结构响应的幅值和均方根值均比高斯风场更大，非高斯特性越强，均方根值越大；随着平均风速的增加，风场峰度对结构响应均方根的影响逐渐明显。因此，对于非高斯风场，高斯过程假定低估了实际的响应情况。此外，不同非高斯特性脉动风场作用下，结构响应的偏度和峰度均趋近高斯过程的结果。     

某任务计算机调试设备配套软件的设计与实现

简介了任务计算机调试设备配套软件在任务计算机仿真环境中的重要作用 ,对该软件设计方法和流程进行了详细的说明 ,主要介绍了VC ++6 .0环境下串行通信和显示控制软件的设计技术 ,并讨论了如何提高应用程序性能的途径。     

从科技论文的特点看科技论文的选题

本文论述了科技文的特点及选师原则。在特点方面主要就科技论文的科学性,创造性,理论性进行了阐述,在选题方面科技论文选题的客观需要与主条件进行阐述,旨在揭示科技论文的特点与课题选择之间的关系,从而了解其特点,并据此选题,写出符合要求的科技论文。     

Impact of a cavitation bubble on a wall

Impulse action of a cavitation bubble on a rigid wall is studied depending on the distance between them. We determine the distances at which the periphery pressure maximums on a wall are preserved as well as the distances at which these maximums exceed the water hammer pressure.     

Effect of a transverse plasma jet on a shock wave induced by a ramp

We conducted experiments in a wind tunnel with Mach number 2 to explore the evolution of a transverse plasma jet and its modification effect on a shock wave induced by a ramp with an angle of 24°. The transverse plasma jet was created by arc discharge in a small cylindrical cavity with a 2 mm diameter orifice. Three group tests with different actuator arrangements in the spanwise or streamwise direction upstream from the ramp were respectively studied to compare their disturbances to the shock wave. As shown by a time-resolved schlieren system, an unsteady motion of the shock wave by actuation was found: the shock wave was significantly modified by the plasma jet with an upstream motion and a reduced angle. Compared to spanwise actuation, a more intensive impact was obtained with two or three streamwise actuators working together. From shock wave structures, the control effect of the plasma jet on the shock motion based on a thermal effect, a potential cause of shock modification, was discussed. Furthermore, we performed a numerical simulation by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES) method to simulate the evolution of the transverse plasma jet plume produced by two streamwise actuators. The results show that flow structures are similar to those identified in schlieren images. Two streamwise vortices were recognized, which indicates that the higher jet plume is the result of the overlap of two streamwise jets.     

Oscillations of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical container

The natural damped frequencies of a viscous liquid in a circular cylindrical container are obtained for slipping and anchored contact line at the container wall r = a. In addition the response to translational forced excitation has been determined. The results may also be applied to viscous liquid in a micro-gravity environment, as long as the contact angle of the liquid surface to the cylindrical container wall is in the vicinity of π/2, indicating, that the free liquid surface equilibrium position remains a plane surface. It could be found that there exists in contrast to frictionless liquid a small filling range, in which the liquid performs only an aperiodic motion. The adherence condition at the side wall was replaced by the somewhat weaker condition of an anchored contact line.     

Analysis of a redshifted plasma flow over a sunspot

The ultraviolet spectrum of a redshifted plasma flow appearing over a sunspot observed during the first flight of the High Resolution Telescope Spectrograph (HRTS I) is analysed, and interpreted as a radiatively cooling plasma. For most of the lines emitted from this plasma, the assumption of ionization equilibrium during the cooling is good. However for He II (and other ions with a single electron outside of closed shells), this is not the case. Integrating differential equations for the various ionization fractions of helium and the temperature allows an approximate determination of the abundance of helium relative to other elements whose lines appear in the spectrum of the plasma flow.     

The intersection of a Loxodrome with a great circle

The intersections of a loxodrome (rhumb line) and a great circle are of interest for some navigational problems, but a closed-form solution cannot be formulated. An algorithm is given for computing approximations to any desired degree of accuracy using Newton's method. By using the equatorial angle φ as an independent variable all solutions can be found rapidly using the modest computational capabilities of a personal computer     

Relativistic Energy-Momentum of a Body with a Finite Volume

The problem of energy-momentum in a body with a finite volume has been causing confusion in the theory of relativity, especially in relativistic thermodynamics. Its correct understanding has been given since the early years of relativity, however, erroneous misunderstandings are still found in papers and textbooks to this date. The present paper introduces a simple paradox to demonstrate the problem, and gives a brief review on a way to handle the energy-momentum correctly.     

某型弹用发动机火药吹转模拟试验

针对某型弹用发动机火药起动试验件起动试验要求,通过静态烟火试验数据确定火药起动模拟试验设备技术指标,在试验台上进行了高压冷吹和真实火药热吹起动试验,获取了两类试验下模拟转子的起动特性.试验结果表明:通过静态烟火试验和高压冷吹测得不同压力下空气流量、转速数据可以拟合出相关关系式,通过关系式能够预估燃气发生器所用火药量在热吹试验中转子可能最大转速,最后通过0.8kg真实火药热吹试验获取的最高转速与换算压力状态下的冷吹最高转速仅相差116r/min,进一步验证了试验和预估方法的有效性和准确性,可以减少或取消不同装药量火药在模拟转子上的吹转试验,减低在发动机上的试验安全风险,为在发动机上的应用奠定基础.      

Collapse of a spheroidal cavitation bubble near a solid wall

Dynamics of a gas bubble in a liquid near a solid wall is studied. The influence of the initial spheroidal disturbances of the bubble shape and the distance to the wall on the dynamics of the bubble–liquid system is analyzed. The pressure in the bubble is initially greater than that of the surrounding liquid. An algorithm based on the Euler scheme and the boundary element method is applied in the calculations.