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航空发动机转动件共模失效的特征、原因与对策 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对航空发动机转动件所发生的 20余例重大共模失效事件进行了分析研究,阐述了共模失效现象的基本特征、形成原因及预防对策。 相似文献
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王萌萌孙帆 《民用飞机设计与研究》2015,(2):43-46
安全性是民机设计中最重要的考虑要素之一。作为安全性评估的重要手段,共模分析是通过对元件或事件之间的独立性进行分析,来保证设计对象的安全性。对共模分析的工作流程进行了说明,详细列出了需要考虑的共模失效源及失效模式。介绍了共模分析的与门方法和割集方法,并通过某型民用飞机舱门设计实例说明了在机械系统中如何通过这两种方法进行共模分析,同时给出了相关结论。 相似文献
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为提高新型喷管控制系统可靠性及故障安全性,对该系统的故障进行检测,并对故障采取相应的对策以保证系统在故障状态下能够安全工作。对该系统的可靠性设计技术进行了初步探讨,对其硬件及软件进行介绍,并对该系统可能发生的故障及其失效原因、拟采取的措施及对安全的影响进行了初步分析,对故障事件的发生概率、故障对飞行安全的严酷度等也进行了安全评估。分析结果表明:新型喷管控制系统可靠性满足要求。 相似文献
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梳理和分析电传飞控系统共模相关适航要求,创新建立“电传飞控系统共模认知-控制审定流程模型”并提出针对共模问题的审查原则和考虑,有助于全面分析、识别并确定可能的共模失效、提出独立性设计要求,权衡设计解决方案等。应用该模型和审查考虑对某机型电传飞控系统有关复杂电子硬件差错共模的审查案例开展分析,识别确认共模因素和共模失效并分析各设计方案的可行性。研究成果对电传飞控系统及其它复杂系统共模的审查和设计具有指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献
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苏士安 《航空标准化与质量》1991,(3)
一、引言 在过去几年中,人们对共因失效(最初被称为共模失效)的兴趣在不断增加。这些失效发生在为了达到其高可靠性而采用了余度技术的十分完整的系统中。在这样的失效中,一个事件或 相似文献
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基于STAMP/STPA的机轮刹车系统安全性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
把机轮刹车系统在飞机降落过程中的安全性问题当作系统控制问题,不采用基于故障概率模型的事故模型,而是采用基于系统理论的事故模型和过程(STAMP),构建机轮刹车系统在飞机降落过程中的STAMP控制关联模型和系统理论过程分析(STPA)反馈控制回路。根据系统运行的上下文信息识别机轮刹车系统在飞机降落过程中的不安全控制行为,分析产生不安全控制行为的关键原因。对机轮刹车系统在飞机降落过程中的不安全控制行为进行仿真研究,结果表明了STAMP/STPA的有效性和用仿真方法分析安全性问题的可行性。 相似文献
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提出用一阶简单边界的上、下界来估计结构系统失效概率的近似公式。它考虑了结构系统失效模式之间的相关性但仅包含失效模式的一阶概率。算例表明,通常最大误差在5%以内,精度高而计算简便。 相似文献
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连超 《民用飞机设计与研究》2021,(1):92-97
为满足民用航空发动机的安全性目标,发动机顶层故障事件(顶事件)的风险应被控制至可接受状态。针对顶事件的风险控制要求,细化为顶事件的预期发生概率应被控制至可接受值以下。基于顶事件的预期发生概率要求,提出了从上到下分析导致顶事件发生的潜在原因并逐级建造故障树的方法,阐述了故障树分析的开展时机及作用。然后,对顶事件发生概率的计算进行了研究,通过考虑顶事件的飞行阶段影响因素、故障树最小割集及其概率、底事件失效率及其风险时间,提出了顶事件发生概率的计算模型。同时,结合示例对顶事件发生概率的计算模型进行了应用,以验证顶事件概率计算方法的可行性。提出顶事件概率计算模型,为发动机顶层故障事件风险控制要求提供有力的技术支撑。 相似文献
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Performance analysis of echolocation systems requires knowledge of the probability density function (pdf) or cumulative distribution function (cdf) of a matched filter output. A method is presented to estimate these and other probability functions from data by estimating the failure rate function, a function employed in reliability theory. The method can also be used to derive approximations to closed-form probability functions. The method is demonstrated using experimental sonar and radar clutter data and a closed-form radar clutter model 相似文献
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For structural systems with both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties, research on quantifying the contribution of the epistemic and aleatory uncertainties to the failure probability of the systems is conducted. Based on the method of separating epistemic and aleatory uncertainties in a variable, the core idea of the research is firstly to establish a novel deterministic transition model for auxiliary variables, distribution parameters, random variables, failure probability, then to propose the improved importance sampling(IS) to solve the transition model. Furthermore,the distribution parameters and auxiliary variables are sampled simultaneously and independently;therefore, the inefficient sampling procedure with an ‘‘inner-loop' for epistemic uncertainty and an‘‘outer-loop' for aleatory uncertainty in traditional methods is avoided. Since the proposed method combines the fast convergence of the proper estimates and searches failure samples in the interesting regions with high efficiency, the proposed method is more efficient than traditional methods for the variance-based failure probability sensitivity measures in the presence of epistemic and aleatory uncertainties. Two numerical examples and one engineering example are introduced for demonstrating the efficiency and precision of the proposed method for structural systems with both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties. 相似文献
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Belous A.I. Syakersky V.S. Ovchinnikov V.I. Buiko L.D. Petlitskaya T.V. 《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》2009,24(4):44-46
Determination of failure causes of the control systems and navigation electronic elements of space flying vehicles (SFV), observed in the process of long-time flights, is of current importance. Failures of the control systems in the process of long-time flights considerably reduce their reliability and, consequently, raise expenses in this field. In particular, this requires an additional backup of satellites-retransmitters, which results in an increase of the number of SFV launches. At present, experts are actively elaborating the hypothesis that one of the most probable causes of the SFV electronic system failures are the flows of the space dust particles, moving in the near-Earth and interplanetary space, and possessing velocities from 7.8 km/sec to 16 km/sec. The flows of the high energy (Galactic) ions, for a number of cases, are considered to be the basic cause of the destruction of electronic control systems. This, in particular, makes it possible to explain the failures in flights to Mars of the autonomous space modules performed by the European and American space agencies. The optimum flight route to Mars passes through agglomerations of dust clouds, which necessitates a high probability of collision for the flying vehicles with dust clots. Therefore, the success of the American research module is quite logical, which was done with the highest deviation from the optimum route. 相似文献
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Determination of Failure Thresholds in Hybrid Navigation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gai E.G. Adams M.B. Walker B.K. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1976,(6):744-755
A systematic approach for the determination of failure thresholds for hybrid navigation systems is described. Cost functions which reflect the importance assigned to the consequences of false and missed alarms are minimized. The false alarm probability is obtained as a function of the threshold magnitude by observing the statistical behavior of the instrument outputs in the normal operating mode. The missed alarm probability is obtained by determining the sensitivity of navigation error performance to instrument error sources. Two cost functions are considered. To illustrate this method, failure detection and identification (FDI) thresholds are determined for the Space Shuttle Approach and Landing Test flight. 相似文献