基于多源迁移学习的变位姿刀尖点模态参数预测

切削颤振会导致被加工工件表面质量变差、材料去除率降低以及刀具磨损增加等问题。刀尖点模态参数是构建稳定性叶瓣图、选取无颤振加工参数必不可少的输入。然而在加工过程中刀尖点模态参数随刀具位姿而变化且刀具更换频繁,经典锤击试验方法效率低、成本高,如何准确高效地预测变位姿下的刀尖模态参数成为切削加工中亟待解决的问题。本文结合迁移学习思想,提出一种基于多源迁移学习的变位姿刀尖点模态参数预测方法。当更换新刀具后,仅需通过锤击试验获取少量位姿下的刀尖点模态参数,再结合已有多把刀具的模态参数数据进行多源迁移得到新刀具的刀尖点模态参数预测模型。最后,在实际五轴机床上进行试验,试验表明所提方法是有效的。     

导弹舵机/舵面系统模态试验方法研究

针对导弹舵机/舵面系统非线性较强的特点,将"猝发随机法"和"纯模态法"相结合,得出准确测试舵机/舵面系统模态参数的模态试验方法。首先采用"猝发随机法"获取系统的频响函数估计,然后采用多参考最小二乘复频域(PolyMax)法进行模态参数识别,得到系统初步的模态参数,最后利用"纯模态法"剔除虚假模态,准确测试结构的模态参数。该方法提高了导弹舵机/舵面系统模态参数的识别质量和效率,为导弹颤振特性分析及气动伺服弹性分析提供了准确的动特性参数,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

机器人镗孔加工系统稳定性分析

为了解决大型飞机装配现场主起落架交点孔的镗孔精加工问题,提出了采用六自由度工业机器人及专用末端执行器组合的创新解决方案。压脚是抑制机器人镗孔加工系统颤振的核心环节。通过对施加压脚前后的机器人镗孔加工系统进行动力学建模,对系统的稳定性进行分析,得出压脚装置对加工系统稳定性叶瓣图的影响。最后通过实际镗孔加工实验验证了机器人镗孔系统在不同压脚压力下的加工稳定性,表明合理的压脚压力可提高稳定切深,拓展加工稳定区域,有效避免加工颤振。     

基于三阶龙格库塔法的铣削稳定性半解析法预测

针对使用再生颤振理论建立的铣削动力学模型,提出了一种基于三阶龙格库塔法用于预测铣削稳定性的半解析方法.首先,以状态空间方程的形式表示动力学微分方程;其次,利用三阶龙格库塔法推导出传递矩阵;最后利用Floquet理论判断特定切削状态下的稳定性,进而获得铣削稳定性叶瓣图.通过与半离散法的仿真结果进行对比发现,基于三阶龙格库塔法的铣削稳定性求解方法具有更高的预测精度和计算效率.     

机翼颤振的鲁棒自适应切换控制

将机翼颤振问题对应的气动伺服弹性系统动态,看做沿飞行轨迹或特定飞行动作的若干模型的连续切换,引入切换系统描述其包线内的动态特性。进而,基于多Lyapunov函数方法和模型参考自适应控制(MRAC)理论,提出一种机翼颤振鲁棒自适应切换控制方案。该方案允许不同速度设计点的模型及对应控制器进行快速切换,以全面覆盖飞行包线内的系统动态,获得良好的机翼颤振主动抑制效果,有效规避自适应控制需要参数缓慢变化的缺陷。同时,构建Lure-Postnikov形式的Lyapunov函数,采用多Lyapunov函数方法,以线性矩阵不等式的形式,推导闭环切换系统为有界MRAC系统的充分条件,确保飞行包线内颤振抑制的全局稳定性。     

宽弦风扇叶片颤振预测的工程研究

为研究宽弦复合弯掠风扇叶片的颤振问题,以及适用于工程设计的颤振预测方法,分别采用经验法和数值模拟方法,对大涵道比风扇性能试验件叶片进行颤振预测,并将预测结果与试验结果进行对比,考察颤振预测方法的准确性和实用性。对比过程中,分析了颤振发生的机理,提出了抑制颤振的手段。结果表明:两种方法都准确地预测了风扇转子叶片发生的颤振,与试验现象吻合,计算量在可接受范围内,具备工程实用价值。     

一类流线型曲面高效数控铣削加工方法研究及应用

针对一类典型流线型曲面——叶片的高效数控铣削加工方法研究,提出了基于加工系统动力学仿真分析的高效切削参数优化技术,该方法是提高切削加工效率,保证零件加工精度和表面质量的有效手段.首先,辨识得到加工零件材料的铣削力系数;其次,利用锤击试验分别得到机床-刀具系统及弱刚性零件结构的动态特性,同时利用有限元方法进行模态分析,并与试验结果进行对比分析,可辅助验证锤击试验结果的正确性,在此基础上仿真得到铣削颤振稳定域曲线,然后对建立了基于加工系统动态稳定性的高效数控铣削加工参数优化系统进行高效铣削参数优化;最后,依据优化的铣削参数制定零件铣削加工工艺,试验得到了加工质量合格的叶片,其加工效率较传统方法有显著的提高.     

基于频响函数的复合材料空间分布模量场识别

针对纤维编织复合材料宏观力学性能的非均匀特性,提出了基于频响函数(FRF)的复合材料梁空间分布弹性模量场的识别方法。采用基于灵敏度分析的方法构造优化问题,以实测和计算加速度频响残差范数最小为目标函数,进而通过迭代求解识别出复合材料梁弹性模量的空间分布。首先,以悬臂梁模型为研究对象进行数值仿真分析,验证识别方法的正确性。进一步开展复合材料梁模态试验研究,将复合材料三点弯曲试验获取的近似均质化弹性模量作为优化问题的初值;利用非接触测量方法获取模态试验中梁上各测点处的动位移响应,并计算得到各测点的加速度频响函数作为优化问题的输入值。结果表明:采用所提出的识别方法获取的模量场计算得到的梁上各处频响函数与试验获取值吻合,且所提方法在实测动响应存在噪声污染工况下是可行的。该方法能够为复合材料等效建模提供更加准确的弹性模量场。     

非线性方程新解法及其在颤振分析中的应用

 从解析函数保角变换出发提出一种求解非线性方程的新算法——正交搜索法。将该算法用于弹性飞机颤振分析问题，可以准确地解出各种状态下的振动模态。该算法可由计算机自动完成，计算过程简便、直观，对飞机设计及颤振主动抑制系统的综合均有参考价值。     

基于能量法和特征值法的颤振预测数值方法研究

为研究适用于工程设计的颤振数值预测方法,采用能量法和特征值法对出现颤振现象的真实叶片进行预测。通过将2种数值方法的预测结果与试验结果进行对比,验证数值预测方法的精度和工程适用性。结果表明:2种方法都较准确的判断了某典型风扇转子叶片的气弹稳定性,与试验结果基本吻合,具有较高的工程实用价值。     

A review of chatter vibration research in milling

Chatter is a self-excited vibration of parts in machining systems. It is widely present across a range of cutting processes, and has an impact upon both efficiency and quality in production processing. A great deal of research has been dedicated to the development of technologies that are able to predict and detect chatter. The purpose of these technologies is to facilitate the avoidance of chatter during cutting processes, which leads to better surface precision, higher productivity, and longer tool life. This paper summarizes the current state of the art in research regarding the problems of how to arrive at stable chatter prediction, chatter identification, and chatter control/suppression, with a focus on milling processes. Particular focus is placed on the theoretical relationship between cutting chatter and process damping, tool runout, and gyroscopic effect, as well as the importance of this for chatter prediction. The paper concludes with some reflections regarding possible directions for future research in this field.     

Stability analysis of robotic longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling

Currently, industrial robots are considered as an alternative towards traditional machine tools. Especially for the large-scale parts milling, robotic flexibility and low cost make it possess the irreplaceability. However, the milling chatter caused by its weak rigidity hampers robotic application and promotion severely in aviation industry. Rotary ultrasonic milling (RUM) technology with one-dimensional axial vibration has been proven and approved on avoiding robotic chatter. Based on this, the research of project team demonstrates that longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling (CUM-LT) involving separation characteristic has a greater advantage than RUM in terms of chatter suppression. Thereby, the CUM-LT as a new means is applied to avoid processing vibration of robotic milling system. And its influence mechanism on stability improvement of weak stiffness processing system is clarified. Meanwhile, the approaches to strengthen separation effect are provided innovatively. Moreover, a new analysis method of robotic CUM-LT (RCUM-LT) stability is proposed on the basis of ultrasonic function angles. The simulation and experimental results indicate that compared with robotic RUM (RRUM), stability regions of separated RCUM-LT (SRCUM-LT) and unseparated RCUM-LT (URCUM-LT) are improved by 124.42% and 39.20%, respectively. The addition of torsional ultrasonic energy has a wonderful effect on the milling chatter suppression of low stiffness robots.     

Vibration signal-based chatter identification for milling of thin-walled structure

In high speed milling aeronautical part, tool condition monitoring(TCM) is very important, because it is prone to get a chatter owing to the low stiffness of thin-walled structures. And the TCM is key technology for automated machining. In this paper, aiming to chatter monitoring in thin-walled structure milling, a variational mode decomposition – energy distribution(VMD-ED)method is proposed to improve the identification accuracy. And a moving average root mean square – mean value(MARMS-MV) ide...     

A pre-generated matrix-based method for real-time robotic drilling chatter monitoring

Currently, due to the detrimental effects on surface finish and machining system, chatter has been one crucial factor restricting robotic drilling operations, which improve both quality and efficiency of aviation manufacturing. Based on the matrix notch filter and fast wavelet packet decomposition, this paper presents a novel pre-generated matrix-based real-time chatter monitoring method for robotic drilling. Taking vibration characteristics of robotic drilling into account, the matrix notch filter is designed to eliminate the interference of spindle-related components on the measured vibration signal. Then, the fast wavelet packet decomposition is presented to decompose the filtered signal into several equidistant frequency bands, and the energy of each sub-band is obtained. Finally, the energy entropy which characterizes inhomogeneity of energy distribution is utilized as the feature to recognize chatter on-line, and the effectiveness of the presented algorithm is validated by extensive experimental data. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect chatter before it is fully developed. Moreover, since both filtering and decomposition of signal are implemented by the pre-generated matrices, calculation for an energy entropy of vibration signal with 512 samples takes only about 0.690 ms. Consequently, the proposed method achieves real-time chatter monitoring for robotic drilling, which is essential for subsequent chatter suppression.     

Optimal positioning of piezoelectric actuators on a smart fin using bio-inspired algorithms

In this paper a novel approach is developed for optimization of piezoelectric actuators in vibration suppression. A scaled model of a vertical tail of F/A-18 is developed in which piezoelectric actuators are bounded to the surface. The frequency response function (FRF) of the system is then recorded and maximization of the FRF peaks is considered as the objective function of the optimization algorithm to enhance the actuator authority on the mode, which assigns the optimal placement of the pair of piezoelectric actuators on the smart fin. Six multi-layer perceptron neural networks are employed to perform surface fitting to the discrete data generated by the finite element method (FEM). Invasive weed optimization (IWO), a novel numerical stochastic optimization algorithm, is then employed to maximize the FRF peak which in due reduces the vibration of the smart fin. Results indicated an accurate surface fitting for the FRF peak data as well as the optimal placement of the piezoelectric actuators for vibration suppression.     

Design of a tunable mass damper for mitigating vibrations in milling of cylindrical parts

Milling the free-end of cylindrical parts, which are vertically fixed on the machine table,often suffers from large chatter vibrations. This kind of phenomenon is harmful to the cutting process. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop means to suppress these undesirable chatters.This paper proposes a new idea for designing a tunable mass damper(TMD) to reduce vibrations in milling of cylindrical parts. Frequency response function(FRF) of the milling system is derived to comprehensively reveal the influence of both the dynamic response of the machine tools and the TMD. Critical axial depth of cut, which is usually used to characterize the process stability, is formulated by considering the FRFs of both the milling system itself and the TMD. Maximization of critical axial depth of cut is taken as objective function, while kernel dynamic parameters of TMD,which are involved in the derived expression of critical axial depth of cut, are extracted as designable variables. Optimization procedure is carried out to adjust the parameters of TMD by using sequential quadratic programming algorithm. A series of experiments with a designed passive TMD validate that the design has a good performance in reducing vibrations and improving stability of milling process.     

一种针对局部结构的有限元模型修正方法

针对实际结构有限元模型（FEM）的建模误差通常仅存在于局部区域，提出了一种对局部结构单独进行模型修正的方法。首先，根据频响函数（FRF）解耦理论得到由残余结构频响函数与包含待修正参数的局部结构动刚度所重构的整体结构频响函数的拟合值，然后通过迭代优化使其与测量值的残差最小化，从而得到参数的极大似然估计。在此基础上，将残差关于参数的灵敏度以局部结构动力学矩阵表示，建立了模型修正的基本方程，利用整体结构的测试数据即可直接对分离出来的局部结构进行模型修正。最后，对喷气式飞机和三角机翼飞机分别进行了数值模拟和实验研究，验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。结果表明，所提方法可以成功地用于仅局部区域含有建模误差的实际结构有限元模型的修正，修正后的有限元模型的动态特性与实际结构有较好的一致性。     

弧齿锥齿轮齿面曲率干涉判断方法与实验验证

提出一种基于齿面拓扑结构的齿面曲率干涉判断方法,通过构造两齿面拓扑偏差判断齿面曲率干涉.这种方法不仅可以直观地判断是否发生齿面曲率干涉,而且可以对其实际啮合位置进行预判.对一对弧齿锥齿轮齿面曲率干涉进行了计算,分析结果显示小轮工作面大端、小端和齿顶曲率干涉,齿面印痕应位于大端和小端,小轮非工作面齿顶曲率干涉.在数控铣齿机加工该弧齿锥齿轮副并检测齿面印痕,工作面齿面印痕位于小轮大端和小端,非工作面小轮齿顶出现了齿顶接触的现象,检测结果与该方法预判结果一致.      

立铣加工颤振稳定性时域求解与分析研究(英文)

In this paper, the instantaneous undeformed chip thickness is modeled to include the dynamic modulation caused by the tool vibration while the dynamic regenerative effects are taken into account. The numerical method is used to solve the differential equations goveming the dynamics of the milling system. Several chatter detection criteria are applied synthetically to the simulated signals and the stability diagram is obtained in time-domain. The simulation results in time-domain show a good agreement with the analytical prediction, which is validated by the cutting experiments. By simulating the chatter stability lobes in the time-domain and analyzing the influences of different spindle speeds on the vibration amplitudes of the tool under a Fixed chip-load condition, conclusions could be drawn as follows： In rough milling, higher machining efficiency can be achieved by selecting a spindle speed corresponding to the axial depth of cut in accordance with the simulated chatter stability lobes, and in Fmish milling, lower surface roughness can be achieved by selecting a spindle speed well beyond the resonant frequency of machining system.