二元矢量喷管流场的N－S方程计算

对二元矢量喷管在不同工况下的流场进行了数值模拟。求解的控制方程为三维非定常Ｎ－Ｓ方程。空间方向用有限体积离散，时间方向用Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ法推进。粘性项的计算上采用了一种有限体积框架下新的离散化方法。湍流模型采用了广泛使用的Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数模型。计算表明，本文方法能准确地计算二元矢量喷管、非矢量喷管在设计与大设计落压比下的流场。     

矢量二元收扩喷管热射流复杂流场特征研究

提出了一种二元收－扩矢量喷管的概念,用热射流实验台对二元矢量喷管进行了过膨胀状态下的喷管模型热态实验。测量了喷管壁面静压和喷管出口总压分布,用红外热成像技术给出了二元喷管热射流场的清晰画面,并对流场特征进行了描述和分析。研究表明,在非设计状态,二元喷管管内有明显的流动分离现象,喷口射流总压严重畸变,在热射流流场中,射流流场呈现双势核结构。     

次流喷射控制推力矢量喷管的流场数值模拟

为了探讨次流喷射控制二维推力矢量喷管的性能,用时间推进求解Ｎ－Ｓ方程的方法数值模拟了喷管的流场,数值格式用中心有限体积格式,借助于当地时间步长和隐式残差光顺技术加速收敛,得到了在不同二次喷流压力下推力矢量喷管内流场的变化特征。计算结果与实验结果比较有满意的一致性。研究表明,应用次流喷射控制主流流动可以实现较大的推力矢量转折,但是,二次喷流必须具有足够的压力值。     

隔热屏位置对矢量喷管红外特征影响

建立了包括加力燃烧室隔热屏在内的轴对称矢量喷管内外流一体化流场计算模型,重点研究了某涡扇发动机隔热屏位置对矢量喷管扩张段壁温及通过矢量喷管喷口发射的红外辐射强度的影响.结果表明:基于密度求解器求解包含隔热屏在内的矢量喷管内外流一体化的跨声速流场、温度场和质量分数场是成功的;随着隔热屏覆盖喷管收敛段的长度增加,喷管扩张段壁温呈现出先下降而后上升的规律,存在一个最佳的隔热屏位置.最后利用作者提出的离散净辐射法,编制程序计算得到了隔热屏位置对通过喷管喷口发射的红外辐射强度的影响规律.      

轴对称矢量喷管壁面静压分布的试验研究

在模拟实际发动机喷管落压比的情况下, 利用轴对称矢量喷管的缩比模型, 对其壁面静压分布进行了试验研究。研究结果表明, 当矢量偏转后, 轴对称矢量喷管的收敛段与扩张段内流场均呈现出复杂的三维流动的特征; 当喷管落压比小于完全膨胀落压比时, 喷管内部存在周向不对称的斜激波和分离区, 且激波位置随几何矢量角的增大而前移。本文的研究结果可用于检验喷管三维流场的计算精度。      

二元矢量喷管流场及性能数值模拟

用有限差分法对二元矢量喷管的内流场及推力性能进行数值模拟。流场计算采用ＭａｃＣｏｒ－ｍａｃｋ两步格式，运用两层代数紊流模型，对初场、网格进行处理，采用加快收敛的当地时间步长，使计算精度和时间都能较好地满足工程应用的要求，得到了与实验数据较一致的喷管内特性。     

塞式喷管流场数值模拟

采用ＮＮＤ２Ｍ差分格式,从考虑к－ε湍流模型的理想气体三维薄层近似Ｎ－Ｓ方程出发,对塞式喷管内外流场进行了数值模拟。计算结果与国外文献十分一致。通过流场分析,对塞式喷管流动机理有了清楚的认识。计算表明ＮＮＤ２Ｍ差分格式及相应计算软件适合于模拟复杂喷流流场,可用于塞式喷管发动机的研究。     

二元矢量喷管内外流场数值计算与隐身性分析

针对二元矢量喷管进行了相似性的全三维建模,对二元矢量喷管的流场和温度场进行了数值模拟,并对二元喷管隐身技术进行了分析。     

超声速短化喷管的设计与实验研究

利用Bézier曲线构造轴向马赫数分布,采用特征线方法计算喷管壁面型线,结合跨声速理论,提出了一种实用的短化喷管设计方法。对设计制成的喷管进行流场校测,并与数值模拟的结果进行比较分析,结果表明:喷管内部膨胀均匀,出口流场品质很好,可用于超声速风洞以及其它对流场品质有较高要求的应用场合。     

矢量喷管偏转对发动机推力的影响

建立了轴对称矢量喷管数学模型和带这种矢量喷的发动机数学模型,研究了矢量喷管偏转时引起的发动机推力的变化。研究结果表明：喷管有的效矢量角与几何矢量角近似成正比;喷管偏转角较小时,喷管的流量系数及发动机的总推力几乎不同几何矢量角变化,喷管偏转角较大时,喷管的流量系数及发动机的总推力随和何矢量角的增大三小;发动机的轴向推力随着几何矢量角的增大而减小,发动机的侧向推力随着几何矢量角的增大而增大。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.