划痕法表征TD处理制备的VC涂层界面结合强度

 为了测定碳化钒(VC)涂层与基体之间的结合强度,分析涂层与基体的结合机制,采用热扩散(TD)处理在冷作模具钢Cr12MoV表面制备了VC涂层,通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察了其表面与界面形貌,利用能谱议(EDS)分析了结合界面的V、C元素的分布,用划痕法测定了涂层与基体的界面结合强度,并对涂层失效机理进行了分析.结果表明,经TD处理制备的VC涂层与基体结合界面为成分梯度界面,二者结合面为成分含量呈梯度变化的过渡层,V元素含量从表面到基体逐渐下降,而C元素含量逐渐上升;其结合界面处化学元素相互结合,形成冶金结合,测得涂层与基体的结合强度平均值为45.7 N;涂层失效形式为界面层的压裂,其结合强度主要与VC涂层残余压应力有关.     

Constrained layer damping treatment of a model support sting

In transonic wind tunnel tests, the pulsating airflow is prone to induce the first order resonance of the sting support system. The resonance limits the wind tunnel test envelope, makes the test data inaccurate, and brings potential security risks. In this paper, a model support sting with constrained layer damping (CLD) treatment is proposed to reduce the first order resonance response. The CLD treatment mainly consists of material selection and geometric optimization processes. The damping performance of the optimized CLD sting is compared with an AISI 1045 steel sting with the identical diameter in laboratory. The frequency response curves of the CLD sting support system and the AISI 1045 steel sting support system are obtained by sine sweep tests. The test results show that the first order resonance response of the CLD sting support system is 37.3% of that of the AISI 1045 steel sting support system. The first order damping ratios are calculated from the frequency response curves by half power point method. It is found that the first order damping ratio of the CLD sting support system is approximately 2.6 times that of the AISI 1045 steel sting support system.     

激光重熔对喷射电沉积纳米结构镍涂层性能影响研究

采用喷射电沉积方法在45钢基体表面制备了纳米结构镍涂层,研究了激光重熔工艺对涂层性能的影响。用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对涂层表面形貌和晶粒尺寸进行分析,并对涂层做表面显微硬度测试和耐腐蚀性试验。结果表明:在优化的工艺参数下,喷射电沉积制备的镍涂层表面比较平整、结合较致密,由平均尺寸为13.7 nm的纳米晶颗粒组成,但涂层中仍存在一些孔隙及其它缺陷;经过激光重熔后,熔融区内的晶粒尺寸明显减小,涂层致密化程度有所提高并使涂层与基体由机械结合变为冶金结合,因此涂层的表面显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能得到明显的提高。     

300M钢激光熔覆耐磨防腐自润滑涂层温度场数值模拟研究

为了提高飞机起落架减震支柱300M超高强钢的抗磨性能,突破由于温度梯度过大诱发的激光熔覆耐磨防腐自润滑涂层裂纹等技术瓶颈,基于ANSYS软件的生死单元法编制热循环程序,考虑自润滑相和耐磨相材料热物性参数随温度的变化、相变潜热、激光熔覆过程中与外界的换热、激光熔覆功率、激光熔覆扫描速率等因素对激光熔覆过程温度场、熔池、温度梯度的影响,建立300M超高强钢激光熔覆耐磨防腐自润滑涂层温度仿真模型。结果表明:基体的熔化需要激光、熔化的粉末等综合作用使传导到该区域的有效能量达到熔化的临界值,熔化高度增加率随激光功率的增加先降低后增加,熔化高度减少率随激光扫描速率的增加先变小后变大;由于激光熔覆的不同区域温度、冷却速率差异等综合因素影响,熔覆层熔池的纵截面为勺状熔池;伴随激光功率的增加,由于熔覆层不同区域对能量输入产生的温度响应速率差异导致Z方向温度梯度值增加,且最大冷却速率增加;伴随激光扫描速率的增加,激光输入能量降低,降低了高温区域温度及激光的快速局部加热等综合影响,Z方向温度梯度值降低。通过调控激光参数,在保持熔覆层结合强度的条件下,基体熔凝区能被控制到最小,并能够降低温度梯度。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel by laser melting deposition

 Laser melting deposition was carried out to deposit a 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel bar on a wrought bar of same material. Room-temperature tensile properties of the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample were evaluated, and microstructure, fracture surface morphology, and hardness profile were analyzed by an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a hardness tester. Results show that the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample consists of laser deposited zone, wrought substrate zone, and heat affected zone (HAZ) of the wrought substrate. The laser deposited zone has coarse columnar prior austenite grains and fine well-aligned dendritic structure, while the HAZ of the wrought substrate has equiaxed prior austenite grains which are notably finer than those in the wrought substrate zone. Besides, austenitic transformation mechanism of the HAZ of the wrought substrate is different from that of the laser deposited zone during the reheating period of the laser deposition, which determines the different prior austenite grain morphologies of the two zones. Microhardness values of both the laser deposited zone and the HAZ of the wrought substrate are higher than that of the wrought substrate zone. Tensile properties of the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample are comparable to those of the wrought bar, and fracture occurs in the wrought substrate zone during the tensile test.     

Experimental and numerical study of deposition mechanisms for cold spray additive manufacturing process

Cold spray is an attractive and rapidly developing process for additive manufacturing with high efficiency and precision, repairing and coating, especially in aircraft and aerospace applications. Cold spray additive manufacturing deposits micro-particles with large plastic deformation below their melting point, eliminating heat effect zone which could deteriorate the quality of repairing zone. The particle deposition in cold spray is a complex process which involves high strain rate,high contact...     

因康镍718合金的超塑成形和扩散连接

介绍了用于制造火箭发动机零件的因康镍７１８合金的超塑成形和扩散连接工艺。经特殊加工的细晶粒因康镍７１８合金具有促进的超塑性，历而能用于超塑成形相当复的零件。     

钛合金/不锈钢网的扩散连接

探讨了钛合金／不钢网扩散连接的可行性,确定了直接扩散连接条件下的最佳工艺参数,分析了影响扩散连接的主要因素及接头微观形态。针对实际构件,深入分析了加压方式和变形率的关系,并提出了控制变形量得到无变形接头的方法。     

奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti激光冲击强化研究

对奥氏体不锈钢１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ进行激光冲击强化,观察了激光冲击强化层显微组织与结构的变化并测定了激光冲击强化层内的显微硬度和残余应力。结果表明：１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ激光冲击强化层中有高密度的位错和大量的孪晶,显微硬度显著提高并产生较高的残余压应力,１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ激光冲击强化区还发生了形变诱发马氏体相变。     

激光熔覆原位自生TiC耐磨涂层的组织分析

采用激光熔覆工艺在Ti600合金表面制备了以原位自生TiC为增强相的耐磨涂层,并分析了涂层的微观组织,测试了涂层的硬度.结果表明:涂层与Ti600基体呈现良好的冶金结合,组织均匀致密,TiC均匀地分布于TiNiCrAl固溶体构成的涂层基体中.涂层上部为细小的树枝晶组织,中部为发达树枝晶组织.涂层显微硬度大约是基体的3倍.     

Ni基合金与γ-TiAl基合金的固态连接规律研究

通过对Ni基合金进行激光熔覆γ-TiAl基合金涂层处理,对γ-TiAl基合金进行激光表面熔凝处理,提出了一种采用激光表面改性技术和超塑扩散连接相结合的Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金连接新技术。研究了合金激光改性层的显微组织特征,探讨了Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金固态扩散连接的规律。结果表明:激光表面改性技术提高了Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金的连接质量,合金通过激光表面改性处理后,采用连接温度850℃、连接压力60MPa、连接时间1h的连接条件及900℃保温0.5h连接后续热处理,实现了Ni基合金/γ-TiAl基合金的连接。     

溅射-电镀微成型制造柔性热膜传感器阵列

为了实现流场壁面剪应力等动态定点分布测量,提出了一种新的柔性热膜传感器阵列结构,并介绍了其制作工艺.旋涂并升温固化制备聚酰亚胺柔性薄膜衬底,在衬底上溅射沉积金属镍膜,并用剥离工艺成型热敏电阻元件阵列及其引线区底膜.然后在引线区底膜上电镀沉积铜膜,再剥离成型铜引线.通过电镀可以经济快速地获得较厚的引线铜膜,使得引线电阻远...     

镍基定向凝固合金表面涂层力学参数测量

针对所研究的镍基定向凝固合金表面高温防护涂层的厚度远大于一般涂层的特点,提出一种简捷方便的新方法测量涂层的硬度和弹性模量,便于同时研究涂层表面和系统界面对测量结果的影响.并通过传统纳米压痕仪的测量结果,以及镀在另一种定向凝固合金表面的同一种涂层测量结果间的对比,验证了试验结果的正确性.     

膜层厚比对CrN_x/Ti_yCr_(1-y)N多层膜硬度与结合力影响研究

为研究膜层交替周期对多层膜表面硬度与耐磨性能的影响,利用金属蒸发真空弧离子源(MEVVA)和磁过滤阴极真空弧复合离子束沉积技术在AM355钢材表面制备膜层交替周期分别为5、13和26的3组CrN_x/Ti_yCr_(1-y)N膜层,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对膜层形貌和相结构进行了分析,利用划痕仪、显微硬度计等对膜层硬度与结合力进行了测试。结果表明:采用该技术制备的CrN_x/Ti_yCr_(1-y)N多层膜结构致密,与基体结合良好;随着多层膜交替周期的增加,膜层硬度有所降低,膜层结合力则呈现先升高后缓慢降低的趋势。     

NiCrAlYSi涂层/DD6单晶高温合金界面再结晶和互扩散行为

采用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)在单晶高温合金DD6基体上沉积NiCrAlYSi涂层.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)以及透射电镜(TEM)等研究了高温扩散过程中NiCrAlYSi/DD6的界面再结晶和互扩散行为.研究结果表明合金表面喷砂处理后的涂层试样经1 323 K真空热处理4 ...     

高体积分数SiCp/Al的化学镀镍

在进行无钯活化预处理后,对高体积分数SiCp/Al进行化学镀镍,研究了温度和pH值对镀层和沉积速度的影响。采用SEM观察镀层形貌,通过EDX测定镀层的镍磷含量,并用XRD分析了镀层的显微结构。结果表明:在特殊预处理后,采用化学镀镍,可在高体积分数SiCp/Al表面沉积上致密、均匀、结合牢固的镍镀层,镀层为微晶结构,属于中磷镀层。     

Brazing diamond grits onto AA7075 aluminium alloy substrate with Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy by laser heating

The brazing of diamond is a promising way to fabricate grinding wheels for efficient machining and precision grinding. This work investigated the feasibility of bonding diamond grits onto Aluminium Alloy 7075 (AA7075) substrate with a Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy via laser fusion brazing. The interfacial microstructures and the strength of the brazed diamond joints were studied. The cross-section of the brazed diamond joint consists of a molten filler alloy layer, a molten pool, a heat effect zone, a columnar crystal zone and an equiaxed crystal zone. Within the interface of the filler alloy/substrate metal, microstructures observed possibly were Ag(s.s), Al(s.s), TixAl, Al2Cu and Mg intermetallic compounds. A layer of TiC with a thickness of about 30–50 nm was found at the bonding interface of the diamond/filler alloy. The averaged peak shear force of the brazed joints was found to be approximately 39.8 N. The abrasion grinding test indicated that the diamond/AA7075 brazed joint was adequate for grinding. However, the pulled-off of grit was found to be the primary failure of this type of brazed joint. This work broadened the brazing diamond technique and the range of applications of brazed diamond wheels for efficient grinding.     

激光快速制备Tix Aly-TiN复合涂层

采用激光气体氮化与同步送粉相结合的工艺方法,在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面原位合成了Tix Aly-TiN复合涂层。通过XRD,SEM,OM,EDS,显微硬度测试等手段研究了该复合涂层的物相组成、显微组织、元素分布及显微硬度。结果表明：涂层主要由TiN和Tix Aly 金属间化合物组成;沿激光熔深方向TiN含量下降;Tix Aly 金属间化合物含量上升;涂层无裂纹和孔隙,厚度较均匀,涂层与基体间形成良好的冶金结合;沿激光熔深方向N、Al元素的分布均匀;涂层显微硬度得到显著提高,且从涂层到基体逐渐降低。     

Al—Li合金表面的化学镀镍

介绍了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金表面化学镀镍的工艺方法，镀层结合力测试以及孔隙率、氯化钠浸泡试验表明，化学镀镍层可能成为Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金这一新型航空航天材料的良好防护层。     

高温合金纳米晶涂层的发展

高温合金纳米晶涂层是一种新的高温合金防护涂层体系.与目前通常采用的涂层不同,其成分与基体合金基本相同,有良好的抗氧化性能,且避免了传统涂层高温使用后在涂层与基体间因互扩散形成的脆性有害相.高温合金纳米晶涂层是在研究晶粒度对合金抗氧化性能影响的基础上发展起来的.本文综述了国内外对晶粒细化影响铁基合金、金属间化合物、高温合金等氧化性能的研究概况,重点介绍了高温合金溅射纳米晶涂层的研究结果.