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1.
对俄罗斯标准ГОСТ 2 7.0 0 2 -89《技术装备可靠性 基本概念、术语和定义》等文献中的可靠性名词术语 ,从体系、作用、分类及组成、适用范围、可靠性概念、指标分类与定义 ,以及故障、产品、试验分类等方面 ,作了介绍与分析 ,并在某些方面与美军标MIL -STD -72 1C《可靠性和维修性术语的定义》作了一些比较  相似文献   

2.
俄罗斯国家标准常用可靠性名词术语(三)18.明显故障(Explicitfailure)定义:在产品准备投入使用时或在产品按规定用途使用过程中,通过目视或用普通检查和诊断方法与手段就能发现的故障。19.隐蔽故障(Latentfailure)定义:通过目...  相似文献   

3.
机械产品可靠性具有与电子产品许多不同的特点。如:涉及面广,可靠性问题复杂;影响因素复杂,故障模式多;故障数据分散;故障大多服从威布尔分布而不是指数分布等。而更使人们关注的是,机械产品的可靠性分析和设计至今尚无完整的方法。前苏联工业部门十分重视机械产品的可靠性问题,长期的努力使他们在这一技术领域形成了自己的研究特色并确立了优势地位。本文作者通过跟踪、分析前苏联有关可靠性标准、专著等文献后认为,从故障机理与故障物理分析入手,是他们解决机械产品可靠性问题关键方法所在。为此,本刊将分期连载5篇系列文章,介绍前苏联可靠性专家从故障预测到实现可靠性目标的基本思路和技术途径。在总题名为“故障物理分析与机械可靠性”这一总标题下,拟发表的这5篇文章是:1.机械产品劣化原因及能力降低与故障发生过程;2.故障物理分析基本内容;3.参数及损伤变化与极限状态的数学描述;4.可靠性指标名称与指标产生过程;5.机械可靠性设计与试验。  相似文献   

4.
可靠性研究工作始于第二次世界大战期间。当时,美国生产的飞机由于电子设备经常出现故障近半数不能使用。为了解决这个问题,美国国防部组织人力展开对电子管的可靠性研究,标志着可靠性研究的起步。1950年美国国防部成立了“电子设备研究小组”,1952年成立了“电子设备可靠性咨询组”,并于1957年提出了一系列的AGREE报告,这成为以后进行可靠性研究的基础;从这时起可靠性作为一门学科已确定了基本方向。在上个世纪60年代末,美国提出了以可靠性为中心的维修分析(ReliabilityCenteredMaintain-abilityAnalysis),并把此方法用于民航飞机维修…  相似文献   

5.
传统的可靠性试验在环境与时间上存在不足,已很难满足现代飞机可靠性试验工作的要求.基于故障物理学,通过研究航空电子类机载设备在综合环境应力条件下的故障原因及其分布规律,结合传统可靠性加速试验和增长试验的特点,提出一种可靠性试验的新方法,详细介绍具体的试验方法、试验流程、试验应力、故障处理要求和评估方法等关键技术,并将其应用在受试产品的典型案例中.结果表明:当产品试验时间达到952.4 h时,故障数为0,可以认为该产品以70%的置信度确定产品的平均故障间隔时间已达到25 000 h;本文提出的可靠性试验方法能够有效解决基于环境模拟的传统可靠性试验方法和评估技术不能在短的研制周期内评估高可靠性指标要求的机载设备的工程难题,可以实现加速因子的多样、可控,有效地缩短试验时间,节约试验经费.  相似文献   

6.
基于数字化平台的发电机控制器可靠性优化设计   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
主要研究了基于故障预测技术、在可靠性物理仿真分析的条件下,通过对产品的技术条件的分解、应力损伤分析和故障分析等一系列手段,使得发电机控制器的可靠性工作能够从产品的早期论证阶段就与产品的性能设计结合在一起,并且贯穿于产品研制的全过程,实现可靠性与性能设计的一体化,适应目前电子产品研制周期短、可靠性要求高的研制模式。  相似文献   

7.
机械制造技术不仅是衡量一个国家科技发展水平的重要标志,也是国际科技竞争的重点。作为我国机械工程领域科技创新的重要载体,机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室1995年通过国家验收,依托西安交通大学机械制造及自动化、系统工程和管理工程3个国家重点学科共同建设运行。近年来,实验室围绕机械制造系统工程的前沿方向和国家需求,重点在增材制造、微纳制造、生物制造等方面开展了具有学科交叉特色的研究工作。同时结合国家科技重大专项"高档数控机床与基础制造装备"计划,发展高速高效加工、高性能精密测量、高精度装配等技术,支撑我国装备制造技术的提升。机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室学术团队强大,创新能力强,相关基础研究和工程应用形成了鲜明的发展特色。  相似文献   

8.
为了在载人航天火箭发动机试验过程中全面定量识别和分析低温气动阀故障产生根源,增强低温气动阀的运行可靠性,根据人-机-环境系统工程,从人-机-环境方面对试验过程的低温气动阀故障影响因素进行分析,并通过引入复杂系统理论的脆性理论,基于低温气动阀异常破坏的脆性机理研究,构建低温气动阀的人-机-环境脆性模型,通过定义低温气动阀脆性因子的风险度和耦合度,提出低温气动阀可靠性的关键影响因素量化确定方法,从人-机-环境方面定量保证低温气动阀的稳定性。最后通过实例验证了该方法的准确性与实用性,为定量分析和改进低温气动阀可靠性提供了一种方法指导,为载人航天火箭发动机性能准确客观评价以及研制提供支撑。  相似文献   

9.
论加速可靠性增长试验(Ⅱ)理论基础   总被引:11,自引:7,他引:4  
建立了加速可靠性增长试验(ARGT)的理论基础,包括给出ARGT的加速系数(Af)的定义与性质,这些性质与正常加速应力条件下有相同故障机理条件间的本质联系,并将这些结果用于常见的可靠性增长模型。最后提出了作ARGT统计分析所依据的基本假定。  相似文献   

10.
为了提高产品的可靠性,就要对产品进行可靠性试验,对此,本文介绍了一种随机振动加温度循环的环境应力筛选方法。这种方法用于生产线上出厂前的电子产品筛选试验。其目的是把产品故障消灭于交付使用之前,使产品的可靠性提高。本文还对施加随机与正弦振动环境进行了比较,试验结果表明,施加随机振动比施加正弦振动有效得多。  相似文献   

11.
Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.  相似文献   

12.
We consider reliability engineering in modern civil aviation industry, and the related engineering activities and methods. We consider reliability in a broad sense, referring to other system characteristics that are related to it, like availability, maintainability, safety and durability. We covered the entire lifecycle of the equipment, including reliability requirement identification, reliability analysis and design, verification and validation of reliability requirements (typically involved in the equipment design and development phase), quality assurance (which typically enters in the manufacturing phase), and fault diagnosis and prognosis and maintenance (which are connected to the operation phase). Lessons learnt from reliability engineering practices in civil aviation industry are given, which might serve as reference for reliability managers and engineers, also from other industries with high reliability requirements.  相似文献   

13.
贝叶斯方法常用于小子样场合下航空航天等领域中可修系统的可靠性评估,由于一些不确定因素影响致使无法精确收集先验信息和/或可修系统的故障信息,但却可获得其上下界信息。针对区间不确定信息情形,本文提出多台可修系统当其失效过程服从幂律过程(PLP)时的贝叶斯可靠性分析方法,将信息先验下PLP模型基于区间信息的贝叶斯分析转化为所求目标函数恰是该先验下PLP 模型传统贝叶斯分析的约束优化问题;具体工程实例对本文所提方法的可行性,有效性进行验证。结果表明:本文所提贝叶斯可靠性分析方法能够为小子样场合下,考虑不确定性因素影响时可修系统的可靠性评估问题研究提供一种值得参考的方法。  相似文献   

14.
An expanding number of test system architectural choices has caused confusion in the test engineering community. This will show the strengths and weaknesses of existing test system architectures including rack and stack systems with GPIB instruments and modular systems like VXI and PXI. It will provide a glimpse into an emerging new architecture: LAN-based test systems. The paper reviews key concerns such as costs, channel counts, footprints, IO speeds, ease-of-integration, and flexibility. The objective of the paper is to provide engineers insight into the most effective test systems for their future applications.  相似文献   

15.
Redundant techniques are widely adopted in vehicle management computer (VMC) to ensure that VMC has high reliability and safety. At the same time, it makes VMC have special characteristics, e.g., failure correlation, event simultaneity, and failure self-recovery. Accordingly, the reliability and safety analysis to redundant VMC system (RVMCS) becomes more difficult. Aimed at the difficulties in RVMCS reliability modeling, this paper adopts generalized stochastic Petri nets to establish the reliability and safety models of RVMCS. Then this paper analyzes RVMCS oper- ating states and potential threats to flight control system. It is verified by simulation that the reli- ability of VMC is not the product of hardware reliability and software reliability, and the interactions between hardware and software faults can reduce the real reliability of VMC obviously. Furthermore, the failure undetected states and false alarming states inevitably exist in RVMCS due to the influences of limited fault monitoring coverage and false alarming probability of fault mon- itoring devices (FMD). RVMCS operating in some failure undetected states will produce fatal threats to the safety of flight control system. RVMCS operating in some false alarming states will reduce utility of RVMCS obviously. The results abstracted in this paper can guide reliable VMC and efficient FMD designs. The methods adopted in this paper can also be used to analyze other intelligent systems' reliability.  相似文献   

16.
《中国航空学报》2016,(6):1774-1787
Since digital circuits have been widely and thoroughly applied in various fields, electronic systems are increasingly more complicated and require greater reliability. Faults may occur in elec-tronic systems in complicated environments. If immediate field repairs are not made on the faults, elec-tronic systems will not run normally, and this will lead to serious losses. The traditional method for improving system reliability based on redundant fault-tolerant technique has been unable to meet the requirements. Therefore, on the basis of (evolvable hardware)-based and (reparation balance technology)-based electronic circuit fault self-repair strategy proposed in our preliminary work, the optimal design of rectification circuits (RTCs) in electronic circuit fault self-repair based on global sig-nal optimization is deeply researched in this paper. First of all, the basic theory of RTC optimal design based on global signal optimization is proposed. Secondly, relevant considerations and suitable ranges are analyzed. Then, the basic flow of RTC optimal design is researched. Eventually, a typical circuit is selected for simulation verification, and detailed simulated analysis is made on five circumstances that occur during RTC evolution. The simulation results prove that compared with the conventional design method based RTC, the global signal optimization design method based RTC is lower in hardware cost, faster in circuit evolution, higher in convergent precision, and higher in circuit evolution success rate. Therefore, the global signal optimization based RTC optimal design method applied in the elec-tronic circuit fault self-repair technology is proven to be feasible, effective, and advantageous.  相似文献   

17.
民用飞机共模故障分析方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
共模故障是一种相依失效事件,该事件的存在增加了复杂系统的联合失效概率,降低了冗余系统的可靠度,给系统设备带来了巨大的安全隐患。论述了共模故障的基本概念,分析了产生共模故障的原因,给出了共模故障定性分析过程,分别提出了基于扩展故障树和马尔柯夫分析的共模故障失效概率计算方法,在安全性分析领域进行了有益的探索。  相似文献   

18.
设计的系统可靠性维修性分配软件是为工程人员进行系统可靠性维修性分配计算提供的软件平台,采用了扩展二叉树(左父右子树)算法、OLE技术、数据库技术等,通过C 语言,完成了分配模型建立、可靠性分配算法、维修性分配算法、报表输出、数据库操作等模块的编制工作。从软件工程的角度分别对各个开发阶段的工作,及其功能实现做了具体的阐述。最后,对本系统进行了综合测试,获得了较好的效果,满足了工程准度和精度的要求,提高了系统可靠度分配的效率,为工程应用提供了有力的平台。  相似文献   

19.
介绍国内外武器装备可靠性工程理论模型的发展现状与最新研究进展,主要包括提高系统可靠性经常应用到的冗余配置问题,系统失效分析采用的最短路径的旅行商问题,小样本数据条件下的动态故障树问题,复杂系统可靠性预测的随机约束与虚拟最短路径以及NASA对高技术项目进行评价和排序过程中采用的一种多学科群决策模型等。  相似文献   

20.
Prepared specifically for those engineers having responsibility for the design, evaluation, or application of mechanical or electromechanical parts and components, the state-of-the-art in nonelectronic component reliability is examined from the viewpoint of history, ancient and modern. A technique is presented to measure the relative overall effect of failure of nonelectronic components in so-called electronic systems. Failure data from the 413L system are analyzed to reveal significant failure modes and mechanisms which are of value in designing for, or assessing the reliability of, a specific component. An overall ?Figure of Hazard? for failure mechanisms is presented.  相似文献   

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