开式整体叶盘四坐标高效开槽插铣工艺方法

 整体叶盘的加工余量主要是在其通道开槽粗加工阶段去除的,提高通道开槽切削效率是实现叶盘高效加工的关键。根据开式整体叶盘通道的结构特点,提出了四坐标插铣开槽高效低成本粗加工方法。通过叶盘叶片偏置面的直纹包络面逼近,确定叶盘通道粗加工区域,给出了四坐标插铣刀位轨迹生成算法。该方法有效解决了直纹面逼近的曲面边界问题,并通过对叶片偏置面的直纹逼近从根本上避免了刀位轨迹计算时误差的产生。实验表明,与传统的侧铣开槽粗加工相比,采用四坐标插铣方式切削力可降低60%,粗加工效率可提高1倍以上。     

闭式整体叶盘插铣加工方法研究

针对闭式整体叶盘的结构特点提出了一种基于路径规划的对接分层插铣加工方法.首先依据插铣加工方式对比实验优选顺插加工方式,其次划分了叶盘通道的对接加工区域和分层插铣区域,然后给出了插铣轨迹的最佳逼近直线计算方法,最后给出了闭式整体叶盘的对接分层插铣加工路径.     

闭式整体叶盘通道五坐标分行定轴加工刀轴矢量规划方法

闭式整体叶盘是新一代航空发动机实现减重增效的关键零件,其通道结构属于典型多约束复杂通道结构。针对闭式整体叶盘通道精加工,提出了一种基于五坐标分行定轴加工的刀轴矢量规划方法。从加工原理上给出了分行定轴加工方法的基本概念,并分析了闭式整体叶盘通道五坐标加工的特征;在刀具预定义和建立检查面球体包围盒层次树结构的基础上,给出了刀轴矢量无干涉区域的计算方法;基于刀位点最短刀长的计算与分析,进行了叶盘通道加工区域划分,建立了分行定轴加工刀轴矢量规划方法。实验验证表明:分行定轴相对五轴联动加工方法不仅可明显提高加工过程中的稳定性和叶片加工表面质量,还可提高叶片精加工效率。     

整体叶盘数控加工技术研究

整体叶盘是高推比航空发动机采用的新结构。分析了国际同类整体叶盘制造技术,提出了一种整体叶盘复合制造工艺方案及五坐标数控加工的关键技术,包括叶盘通道分析与加工区域划分、最佳刀轴方向的确定与光顺处理、通道的高效粗加工技术、型面的精确加工技术、加工变形处理和叶片与刀具减振技术等。给出了该研究成果在预研型号中的应用实例,证明了所提方法的先进性和有效性。     

开式整体叶盘四坐标插铣开槽粗加工刀位轨迹规划

提出在开式整体叶盘的粗加工阶段,采用插铣加工代替传统的五轴数控加工点铣和侧铣,实现高效加工.提出将自由曲面蜕变为直纹面,将复杂自由曲面粗加工问题转化为简单的直纹面粗加工问题.这种方法的加工效率比传统加工方法提高约60%以上.     

钛合金TC17大掠扭整体叶盘高效开粗策略研究

根据钛合金TC17大扭掠风扇整体叶盘通道的结构特点和材料切削性能,提出了"插铣+侧向绕铣"开槽高效低成本粗加工方法。采用插铣高效率去除叶片通道的大余量,通过侧向绕铣完成叶片型面的逼近加工方便后续叶片的半精加工或精加工。实验表明,与传统的侧铣开槽粗加工相比,采用"插铣+侧向绕铣"方式可以降低刀具成本,使粗加工效率可提高1倍以上。     

小曲率整体叶盘复合高效强力铣加工基础试验研究

将盘铣、插铣和侧铣等工艺高度集成对于小曲率整体叶盘通道的大余量开槽加工具有可行性和有效性,同时也为实现该工艺方法的数控装备的刚度分析与切削参数优化提供了依据。     

三元整体叶轮的曲面造型及其计算机辅助制造技术

针对一种三元整体叶轮,采用B样条方法对叶片中性面上顶部和根部的两组数据点进行了插值曲线的反算,进而构造出直纹面形式的叶片中性面和叶片曲面;研究了在五坐标机床上采用球头棒铣刀侧铣加工叶轮时的刀位计算方法,给出了在UG环境下的叶轮曲面建模方法及其数控加工仿真步骤。     

商用航空发动机整体叶盘通道加工方法分析

对于钛合金整体叶盘,从工艺性及经济性考虑,铣削加工是适合的加工方法,并且插铣加工及摆线铣加工均可以用于通道加工。对于镍基高温合金材料的整体叶盘,电化学加工可以实现较高的材料去除率,对于批量生产的镍基高温合金材料的整体叶盘,电化学加工的经济性更好。     

用于提高整体叶盘叶片表面质量的数控工艺

针对五坐标加工中心加工整体叶盘时叶片表面质量较差的问题,本文提出了一套利用UG软件自身功能光顺曲线和曲面的方法,使造型曲面的光顺程度得到大幅度提高,从整体叶盘数控加工工艺源头上保证了整体叶盘加工质量.实践表明,此方法方便、快捷,叶片表面质量得到明显改善,可满足工程使用要求.     

Four-axis trochoidal toolpath planning for rough milling of aero-engine blisks

The Blade Integrated Disk (Blisk) is one of the key components in the aero-engine, it is generally manufactured by the multi-axis milling and almost 90% raw materials are removed. To avoid the full immersion of a cutter in the rough machining of a blisk channel, the trochoidal milling is a promising strategy since it can keep a small immersion angle in the rough milling process while maintaining the high machining efficiency. However, while toolpaths are being planned for the trochoidal milling process, the conventional methods are mainly for the planar machining area with fixed tool orientations, which cannot be used for complex channels where the multi-axis machining should be employed. To this end, this paper presents a four-axis trochoidal toolpath planning method with a ball-end cutter, and thus the blisk channel can be machined efficiently. For this to happen, the trochoidal paths are planned in the parametric domain and then mapped into the physical domain, with tool orientations controlled by the quaternion interpolation method to have smooth tool movement along the toolpaths. Both geometric simulation and physical milling experiments of the proposed method have convincingly demonstrated the validation of the proposed method.     

通道曲面的柱面逼近方法及其在叶轮插铣中的应用

为了使叶轮粗加工后的通道表面与其设计曲面尽可能接近,将整体叶轮的定轴插铣理论模型概括为通道曲面的最大内接柱面优化问题。同时,为简化该问题的计算难度,将最大内接柱面的优化问题转化为柱面直母线方向和柱面准线的确定两个步骤。提出了确定内接柱面直母线方向的最小二乘模型与解算方法,在此基础上,将通道曲面沿柱面的直母线方向进行投影,通过相关曲线间的裁剪操作,获得了最大内接柱面的准线。以最大内接柱面的准线作为插铣加工时的边界曲线,以柱面直母线方向作为插铣加工时平头刀的轴线方向,给出了计算刀心位置和安全高度的迭代算法。最后通过数值算例验证了所提方法的正确性。该方法将有助于叶轮粗加工效率的提高,同时为叶轮的精加工预留较均匀的加工余量。     

GH4169G整体叶盘阶梯铣削稳定性研究

为解决高强高温合金GH4169G整体叶盘叶片铣削加工不稳定问题,通过有限元分析的方法,分析了沿大径方向(叶片宽度)和轴向(叶身方向)两种逐层铣削方案对加工稳定性的影响,研究了阶梯铣削工艺和传统双面对称铣削工艺对整体叶盘叶片铣削稳定性的影响.结果表明:沿大径方向逐层加工时,其理论绝对稳定极限切削深度小于实际加工中可能的最大切削深度,主轴转速、切削深度等切削参数选择范围较小;而沿轴向逐层加工时,其理论绝对稳定极限切削深度大于实际加工中可能的最大切削深度.与传统双面对称铣削工艺相比,阶梯铣削工艺使整体叶盘叶片的刚度得到提高,相同载荷下叶片的最大变形量降低了60%,其前6阶模态频率均较高,加工过程更稳定,加工出的叶片能满足设计要求.      

Electrode design using revolving entity extraction for high-efficiency electric discharge machining of integral shrouded blisk

The integral shrouded blisk provides better performance with minimum weight, but its semi-open structure presents problems for its production. Manufacturing processes of these components require a removal of about 70%-90% of material from their blanks. Multi-axis electrical discharge machining (EDM) is commonly used for these processes, but its poor efficiency cannot meet the requirements of mass production. Strong flushing assisted high-current discharge is able to improve the machining efficiency. In this paper, this method was applied to manufacture the integral shrouded blisk. An electrode design method was proposed. Taking the largest revolving entity inside the flow channel as the base geometry, this laminated arc-shaped hollow electrode meets the requirements such as high pressure flushing, tool wear compensation, and easy to be made. A 4-axis linkage machining tool path with planetary motion was proposed. Taking an integral guide vane ring as an example, it has been experimentally verified that the time consumption for each channel using this method was reduced to a half of the ordinary EDM method, while the finished surface quality remains same.     

开式整体叶轮加工关键工艺技术研究

首先分析了该类零件的几何特点以及加工难点,然后提出了粗加工以及精加工当中的关键技术。阐述了插铣粗加工中,有关叶片直纹包络面的构建,刀轴矢量的选择;精加工中叶片整体加工中使用参数法规划均匀的刀具切削轨迹等关键技术。最后利用VERICUT软件,进行了加工仿真的验证,并且加工完成了开式整体叶轮的加工实例。     

基于微小型机床的微细铣削力实验研究

在自行开发的三轴联动微小型铣床上,对铝合金材料2A12进行了微细铣削力实验.采用单因素方法,研究了微细槽铣时主轴转速、轴向切削深度、每齿进给量对切削力的影响,以及微细顺铣和逆铣时径向切削深度对切削力的影响,并对切削力信号进行频谱分析.     

Trajectory control strategy of cathodes in blisk electrochemical machining

A turbine blisk, which combines blades and a disk together, is one of the most important components of an aero engine. In the process of blisk electrochemical machining (ECM), the sheet cathode, which is usually used as a tool electrode, has a complicated structure. In addition to that, the channel between the adjacent blades is narrow and twisted, so interference is apt to happen when the sheet cathode feeds into the channel. Therefore, it is important to choose suitable trajectory control strategy. In this paper, a new trajectory control strategy of the sheet cathode is presented and corresponding simulation analysis is conducted on the basis of an actual blisk model. The simulation results demonstrate that the sheet cathode can feed into the channel by a spatial line trajectory without interference. Moreover, the verification experiments are carried out according to the simulation. The experimental results show that the cathode can move into the channel without interference. It is verified that the new trajectory control strategy is correct and can be used in the blisk ECM process successfully.