速率方位平台与激光捷联惯导车载重力测量比较

目前,成熟应用的航空重力测量系统主要为两轴阻尼平台,例如LaCoste&Romberg海空重力仪,以及三轴惯导平台,例如GT-1A航空重力仪和AirGrav航空重力仪。虽然捷联式航空重力仪研制及应用尚未成熟,但通过本文对自主研制的激光捷联式与速率方位平台式航空重力仪进行的车载重力测量试验表明,两种类型重力仪样机获得的自由空间重力异常精度相当。     

激光捷联惯导车载重力测量试验

惯性导航系统中加速度计测量的比力是载体运动加速度与重力加速度的矢量和,当载体运动加速度能够被有效分离时,满足一定精度水平的惯性导航系统就可以成为动态重力仪。捷联式惯性导航系统体积小、重量轻、系统组成简单,可以在记录下惯性器件原始输出信息之后,通过离线处理过程进行数据处理和精度挖掘。本文通过对某高精度激光捷联惯导进行相应的软硬件更改,获得了兼具导航及重力测量功能的一体式动态重力仪。地面车载试验是验证动态重力仪的测量精度的有效手段之一,本文将一组高速公路重复测线的数据进行了处理和分析,结果表明在平均车速72km/hr的条件下,半波长分辨率2km,自由空间重力异常内符合精度优于1mGal。     

捷联式重力仪在海洋测量中的应用与数据处理

针对海洋重力测量对重力测量系统的要求,给出了一种捷联式海洋重力仪SAG-2M,论述了系统组成、工作原理、特点和数据处理流程。利用近期获得的某海域重力测量数据,评估了捷联式重力仪精度。测量结果表明,重复测线的重力异常曲线吻合度较高,交叉点不符值精度约为1.2mGal,满足海洋重力测量的指标要求。     

捷联式移动平台重力仪地面测试结果

自主研制移动平台重力仪对我国矿产资源勘探及测绘等领域具有重要意义。研制了一种基于激光捷联惯导的移动平台重力仪,根据移动平台重力测量应用需求及激光捷联惯导系统特点,采用高精度石英挠性加速度计作为重力测量传感器,安装于系统垂向通道,既可作为导航用垂向加速度计,又用于实现标量重力测量。介绍了工程样机系统的组成。利用重力场随高度升高衰减的原理,以相邻楼层间的重力测量差值评价了系统的静态精度;通过地面跑车试验,获得了系统动态测量内符合精度。     

航空重力仪/梯度仪惯性稳定平台研制现状

惯性稳定平台可以隔离外部扰动对重力仪或重力梯度仪的影响,改善重力测量环境、提高重力测量精度,在航空重力测量领域意义重大,应用前景广阔.本文针对国内外多个国家的航空重力仪惯性稳定平台研制情况,以及承载不同类型重力梯度仪的惯性稳定平台研制现状进行了评述,并讨论了平台研制中的一些关键技术,最后进行了前景展望.     

重力仪散热装置的热仿真分析

随着移动平台重力测量精度的不断提高,对重力仪的温度控制提出了更高的要求。为了实现在不同温度环境下的高精度重力测量,本文设计了一种保温散热装置,为重力仪提供第一级温控。利用Fluent软件分别模拟了0℃,22℃和40℃环境温度下此装置内重力仪系统的温度场,并在此基础上,利用高低温箱完成该装置的温度性能实验,验证了此温控方案的可行性。     

空间平台机动变轨自主导航研究

针对空间平台在高轨道机动变轨过程中自主导航的需求,采用了基于Kalman滤波器的捷联惯导与星敏感器的组合导航方案。结合Kalman滤波中协方差更新的误差分配分析方法,分析了影响空间平台状态估计误差的主要因素。采用适用于高轨道的球谐重力模型,运用STK工具包设计了变轨机动轨迹,将该轨迹应用于组合导航方案的仿真验证。仿真结果表明,量测噪声是影响空间平台姿态精度的主要因素,加速度计零偏对变轨过程速度精度有决定性影响,改善两者的精度可以实现空间平台机动变轨的高精度自主导航。     

平台式航空/海洋重力仪精密温度控制研究

以平台式航空/海洋重力仪为基础,为降低温度变化对其惯性器件尤其是重力敏感器的影响,保证重力测量的精度,设计了一种三级五路结构的高精度温度控制系统。以包含核心惯性器件的第三级温控为例,重点分析了温控对象的建模、非线性PI控制器的设计等问题,并进行了仿真分析和高低温环境下的试验验证,结果表明,在-10℃~+45℃温度范围内3个温控通道的温度变化量和温度稳定性均小于0.01℃,达到了重力仪的温度控制精度要求,为重力仪实现高精度重力测量提供了有利的温度条件。     

海空重力仪的技术现状及新应用

海洋/航空重力测量是基于移动平台的动态相对重力测量,是指用有人测量船或飞机搭载重力仪或加速度计,来测定海面或近地空中重力加速度的重力测量方法。介绍了重力仪的应用领域,针对移动海洋/航空重力仪、海空重力仪车载试验,综合阐述了其国外、国内发展现状,指出了无人重力测量技术和深远海动态重力测量技术亟待解决的问题,分析了我国在海空重力测量领域中的发展方向。     

捷联式航空重力测量系统的数据处理方法比较与分析

重力数据处理对获取高精度重力异常值有着重要作用，是重力测量的核心技术。重力仪在搭载运动载体进行重力测量时，载体的高频振动对重力测量数据和GPS数据均会产生不可避免的干扰，导致提取的重力异常粗值含有大量高频噪声。围绕重力数据的处理方法这一核心技术，介绍了FIR低通滤波、零相移滤波、标准Kalman滤波、正反Kalman滤波4种滤波方法的基本原理，运用这4种方法处理了SAG捷联式重力仪的某次实际飞行测量数据，比对了基于SINS/GPS组合导航和SINS/DGPS组合导航的重力测量数据处理结果。通过对本次试验重复测线内符合精度进行比对，验证了4种方法的可行性和优劣性，同时验证了SAG重力仪的测量精度。     

Magnetospheric Science Objectives of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Juno</Emphasis> Mission

In July 2016, NASA’s Juno mission becomes the first spacecraft to enter polar orbit of Jupiter and venture deep into unexplored polar territories of the magnetosphere. Focusing on these polar regions, we review current understanding of the structure and dynamics of the magnetosphere and summarize the outstanding issues. The Juno mission profile involves (a) a several-week approach from the dawn side of Jupiter’s magnetosphere, with an orbit-insertion maneuver on July 6, 2016; (b) a 107-day capture orbit, also on the dawn flank; and (c) a series of thirty 11-day science orbits with the spacecraft flying over Jupiter’s poles and ducking under the radiation belts. We show how Juno’s view of the magnetosphere evolves over the year of science orbits. The Juno spacecraft carries a range of instruments that take particles and fields measurements, remote sensing observations of auroral emissions at UV, visible, IR and radio wavelengths, and detect microwave emission from Jupiter’s radiation belts. We summarize how these Juno measurements address issues of auroral processes, microphysical plasma physics, ionosphere-magnetosphere and satellite-magnetosphere coupling, sources and sinks of plasma, the radiation belts, and the dynamics of the outer magnetosphere. To reach Jupiter, the Juno spacecraft passed close to the Earth on October 9, 2013, gaining the necessary energy to get to Jupiter. The Earth flyby provided an opportunity to test Juno’s instrumentation as well as take scientific data in the terrestrial magnetosphere, in conjunction with ground-based and Earth-orbiting assets.     

“Reinventing” career development

The following topics are dealt: career development definition; career development as a part of effective management; job satisfaction issues; motivated abilities; a case study results; identification of motivational patterns; and 'reinvention' of career development     

具有纳米结构的 VO₂ 相变薄膜

 采用无机溶胶-凝胶法制备VO₂相变薄膜，该薄膜相变时的电阻（率）突变可达4～5个数量级。并用XRD,DSC和TGA法研究了制膜过程中干凝胶膜的层状非晶纳米结构。通过适当的非晶晶化过程及随后V₂O₅→VO₂转变的真空热处理，可获得带有空洞（void）结构的低密度纳米薄膜，从而使电阻（率）突变特性异常优异。     

H_∞中的规范化LCF法在综合控制系统设计中的应用

 用鲁棒控制理论中的规范化左互质因子分解(规范化LCF)法为某型飞机设计纵向飞/推综合控制器,并总结了该方法的一些特点和设计要求。设计出的控制器满足实际工程要求,得到比较满意的控制效果。     

Fuel cells for “personal electricity”

Cars powered by fuel cells have been built and tested; however, the aerospace fuel cells could not deliver high power quickly when the driver wanted to accelerate his car. Today's hybrid electric cars carry a battery that supplies the acceleration power, and the prime power source, whether an engine or fuel cell, is not stressed with sudden load peaks. Zero air pollution becomes attainable when fuel-cells supply the prime power on a hybrid vehicle     

Simulation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis>-crimp shaping with the use of the ansys finite element software

A finite element model of the Z-crimp shaping from a hard sheet blank is developed and a number of calculations using the ANSYS finite element software is conducted. The calculations are carried out in the framework of elastoplastic behavior of the blank material using the classical model of bilinear kinematic (translational) hardening with corresponding parameters of elasticity and plasticity. The model takes into account kinematics of spatial transformation of the shaping equipment as well as the time-variable conditions of its contact interaction with the blank.     

Sedimentation stability of fullerene C<Subscript>60</Subscript> particles in sulphamate nickel-plating electrolyte

The techniques of injecting nanomodifiers into the sulphamate electrolyte used for electrolytic forming of nickel antiabrasive protective tipping are considered. The optimal concentration of surfactant and nanomodifier are determined. The graphs are also presented.     

工业再设计破局“中国制造2025”

安世亚太和苏氏集团正式结为战略联盟,利用各自的优势打造集成"精益研发技术+精密铸造工艺"的工业再设计体系。战略联盟的建立将安世亚太精益研发、工程仿真技术与苏氏精密铸造工艺相结合,启动工程仿真驱动的工业再设计过程,让设计突破工艺局限,敢于跨量级优化,并产生颠覆式创新。     

“Dakota Sun”-the next generation solar powered racingvehicle

Based on the experience gained from Sunrayce '95, the Solar Motion Team has made many changes to the design of the next generation solar car. These changes have resulted in a vehicle that is very different from the “Solar Rolar”, The Dakota Sun is a three wheeled vehicle with separate cab and solar array. This design allows for improved aerodynamics, decreased weight, lower rolling resistance, and ease of manufacture compared to the four wheeled catamaran used in the last race. However, this design sacrifices total enclosed wheel base area, additional room for components, and added power from side solar panels, The major objectives for the team's redesigned Sunrayce '97 entry are: systems integration; decrease the weight of the car; decrease aerodynamic drag; more efficient use of available energy; and increased driver safety. The team has set a standard to use the latest available technology. Although this increases the complexity of the components, by using a systems engineering approach the “Dakota Sun” has evolved into a more integrated vehicle. This philosophy of integrated design has resulted in great improvements in mechanical design and manufacturing techniques, as well as electrical innovations. The major design changes evident from the original Sunraycen '95 vehicle are the result of an evolutionary design process that has produced the highly competitive Sunraycel '97 design outlined in this article