机载电静液作动系统的发展现状与关键技术研究

总结了新型机载作动系统的发展背景与研究意义,介绍了用于功率电传的电静液作动器和机电作动器的发展现状,综述了机载电静液作动系统设计、开发和取得的技术成果,论述了机载电静液作动系统发展中有待于进一步研究的问题,提出了开展该项研究的建议和措施。     

一体化电动静液作动器(EHA)的设计与仿真分析

一体化电动静液作动系统兼备传统液压作动系统和直接驱动的机电作动系统的优点,也就是同时具备高转距和大功率密度,并且易于模块化。本文阐述了一种一体化电动静液作动器(EHA)的总体结构和工作原理,对电机、泵和液压缸的选用以及系统设计提出了明确的要求,并对其各个模块进行了建模和仿真分析。结果表明,EHA的性能能够满足现代飞机对作动系统的要求,在未来功率电传(PBW)的飞控系统中具有很好的应用前景。     

飞行控制用的三种作动系统

飞机操纵和控制采用液压、电动静液、电动作动等三种作动系统,其中电力作动系统,包括电动静液作动系统具有较大的优越性。     

先进的作动器技术研究

介绍了直接驱动式作动器、电静液作动器、集成电液作动器、机电作动器、光传灵巧作动器的原理、特点、应用等.     

双变量一体化电动静液作动系统研究

分析了变排量变转速型一体化电动静液作动系统,通过同时控制直流无刷伺服电机转速和伺服泵排量达到改变作动器输出的目的,并建立了其基于状态空间描述的数学模型,根据其双变量相乘的特点对其系统特性进行研究,提出了双变量一体化电动静液作动系统的基本控制方法.     

复合材料在商用发动机作动系统中的应用分析

先进飞机及其发动机的需求是复合材料发展的强大推动力。基于复合材料的特点以及在航空中的应用情况,提出了发动机作动系统对复合材料的需求。根据商用发动机作动系统的定义与范围,详细论述了该系统未来发展方向对复合材料的应用需求。通过对比分析复合材料在国内外发动机作动系统中的应用现状,提出了钛基复合材料、Si C复合材料、变形记忆合金复合材料、压电功能复合材料等先进复合材料的应用发展方向,为中国商用发动机作动技术的发展提供相关建议。     

液压伺服作动器与电动作动器性能仿真分析

以Imagine公司的AMESim为仿真平台,建立了液压伺服作动系统的物理模型和电动作动系统的物理模型,采用AMESim处理结果对两种作动器的性能进行了仿真分析。     

宽体客机飞控电作动系统设计

为研究飞控电作动(EPA)系统技术,分析目前服役的国外多电客机空客A380、A350XWB飞控电作动系统、波音Boeing 787飞控电作动系统能源配置、作动器配置及技术特点,提出了国外多电客机飞控电作动系统发展趋势。结合中国电作动研制技术情况,提出中国宽体客机飞控电作动系统2H/2E能源配置方案及电作动系统配置方案,对电作动系统安全性、作动系统电功率、质量进行分析,为中国宽体客机飞控电作动系统研制提供有益参考。     

大功率高性能多余度宇航电传伺服技术发展综述

高性能电传伺服系统广泛应用于航空航天工业领域,其性能的改善可以提高设备的生产能力和产品质量。回顾了多余度伺服系统国内外发展历程与研究现状,针对未来航空航天飞行器对伺服系统在容错性、安全性、可靠性、空间体积、环境适应性、性能指标等方面提出的新要求,在分析传统多余度伺服技术的优缺点的基础上,重点阐述了新一代电冗余容错余度伺服技术的研究现状及关键技术,最后对宇航功率电传伺服共性关键技术进行了总结。     

超磁致伸缩电静液作动器磁场分析与优化

提出一种超磁致伸缩电静液作动器（GMEHA）结构,采用永磁体与控制线圈组合提供驱动磁场.首先建立了该组合磁路数学模型,并给出了超磁致伸缩棒内磁感应强度计算解析式;其次,对以上结构进行了有限元分析（FEA）,得出了磁路主要结构参数与磁场分布均匀性之间映射规律;最后进行了作动器磁场试验研究并与有限元分析结果进行了对比,验证了理论与有限元模型的可预测性,给出了该电静液作动器结构设计方法.结果表明:该电静液作动器的最佳驱动频率为250Hz,最大无负载体积流量为0.85L/min,最大阻断力达到了120N.      

Motion synchronization in a dual redundant HA/EHA system by using a hybrid integrated intelligent control design

This paper presents an integrated fuzzy controller design approach to synchronize a dis-similar redundant actuation system of a hydraulic actuator (HA) and an electro-hydrostatic actu-ator (EHA) with system uncertainties and disturbances. The motion synchronous control system consists of a trajectory generator, an individual position controller for each actuator, and a fuzzy force tracking controller (FFTC) for both actuators. The trajectory generator provides the desired motion dynamics and designing parameters of the trajectory which are taken according to the dynamic characteristics of the EHA. The position controller consists of a feed-forward controller and a fuzzy position tracking controller (FPTC) and acts as a decoupled controller, improving posi-tion tracking performance with the help of the feed-forward controller and the FPTC. The FFTC acts as a coupled controller and takes into account the inherent coupling effect. The simulation results show that the proposed controller not only eliminates initial force fighting by synchronizing the two actuators, but also improves disturbance rejection performance.     

Analysis of the dynamic performance of an electro-hydrostatic actuator and improvement methods

As a kind of actuation mechanism for power-by-wire (PBW) actuation systems of more/all electrical aircraft, an electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is a highly integrated local hydraulic actuation system. It is a volume control system consisting of a motor, a pump, an actuator, etc., which has features of high efficiency and reliability. However, the poor dynamic characteristic is one of the main factors restricting its wide application in aircraft. In this paper, the reason for the poor dynamic characteristic of an EHA is revealed from the perspectives of the natural frequency characteristic and the power requirement, respectively. In other words, the insufficiency of the motor output power at a high frequency is the main factor causing the poor dynamic characteristic of the system, and methods which include increasing the maximum output torque of the motor, reducing the rotational inertia of the motor-pump group, and adopting a double-motor-pump group configuration are proposed in this paper, by which the dynamic characteristic of the system can be improved. The feasibility of those methods are verified by simulations. Finally, the dynamic characteristic is tested on an EHA prototype, and results show that saturation of the output torque of the motor is the main factor restricting the dynamic characteristic of the EHA system.     

Modeling of reliability and performance assessment of a dissimilar redundancy actuation system with failure monitoring

Actuation system is a vital system in an aircraft, providing the force necessary to move flight control surfaces. The system has a significant influence on the overall aircraft performance and its safety. In order to further increase already high reliability and safety, Airbus has imple-mented a dissimilar redundancy actuation system (DRAS) in its aircraft. The DRAS consists of a hydraulic actuation system (HAS) and an electro-hydrostatic actuation system (EHAS), in which the HAS utilizes a hydraulic source (HS) to move the control surface and the EHAS utilizes an elec-trical supply (ES) to provide the motion force. This paper focuses on the performance degradation processes and fault monitoring strategies of the DRAS, establishes its reliability model based on the generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN), and carries out a reliability assessment considering the fault monitoring coverage rate and the false alarm rate. The results indicate that the proposed reli-ability model of the DRAS, considering the fault monitoring, can express its fault logical relation and redundancy degradation process and identify potential safety hazards.     

一种高灵敏度的电动舵机系统研究

本文研究了一种基于单片机的高灵敏、分体式小型电动舵机系统。首先分析了电动舵机的组成与功能，并分别从舵机结构、控制算法两方面对舵机系统的性能设计进行了分析和阐述。针对舵机高灵敏度的性能要求，对控制算法进行了优化并进行了相应仿真。最后经过试验验证，电动舵机满足了高灵敏度的指标要求，验证了控制算法的正确性。     

Review on signal-by-wire and power-by-wire actuation for more electric aircraft

The huge and rapid progress in electric drives offers new opportunities to improve the performances of aircraft at all levels:fuel burn,environmental footprint,safety,integration and production,serviceability,and maintainability.Actuation for safety-critical applications like flight-controls,landing gears,and even engines is one of the major consumers of non-propulsive power.Conventional actuation with centralized hydraulic power generation and distribution and control of power by throttling has been well established for decades,but offers a limited potential of evolution.In this context,electric drives become more and more attractive to remove the natural drawbacks of conventional actuation and to offer new opportunities for improving performance.This paper takes the stock,at both the signal and power levels,of the evolution of actuation for safety-critical applications in aerospace.It focuses on the recent advances and the remaining chal lenges to be taken toward full electrical actuation for commercial and military aircraft,helicopters,and launchers.It logically starts by emphasizing the specificity of safety-critical actuation for aero space.The following section addresses in details the evolution of aerospace actuation from mechanically-signaled and hydraulically-supplied to all electric,with special emphasis on research and development programs and on solutions entered into service.Finally,the last section reviews the challenges to be taken to generalize the use of all-electric actuators for future aircraft programs.     

基于DSP的一体化交流伺服系统研究和实现

针对当前伺服系统采用的角度传感器进行AD采样和换算后得到电机速度,无法很好满足速度实时性要求.同时位置反馈元件线性度低、反馈信号易受干扰,因此导致伺服系统稳定性很难保证。结合目前伺服系统存在速度闭环差、结构转换效率低、抗干扰能力弱等问题,提出一种伺服电机与减速机构、旋转变压器一体化设计的方案。通过试验证明,该伺服系统具有控制精度高(最高可达16bit精度)、抗干扰能力强等特点,符合未来电动伺服系统发展的研究方向。     

多电飞机作动系统的体系结构优化(英文)

多电技术的深入发展使得飞机上可选择的功率源和作动器种类越来越多,这导致在机载作动系统体系结构优化设计过程中出现了不同功率源和作动器组合的极端复杂性,传统的"试凑"法已无法完成设计任务。首先介绍了多电飞机飞控作动系统(Flight Control Actuation System,FCAS)的组成,计算了其可能的体系结构数量;其次提出了FCAS体系结构在安全性、重量和效率方面的评价指标,计算了全机各舵面均采用同类作动器时的评价指标值;最后对比分析了现有的各种多目标优化算法,采用遗传算法给出了多电飞机FCAS体系结构的多目标优化设计结果。对比传统的只采用阀控液压伺服作动器的作动系统体系结构,优化后的体系结构可以在满足安全可靠性要求的前提下使系统的重量减轻6%左右,效率提高30%左右。     

电液复合调节作动器的建模与AMESim仿真

针对传统功率电传一体化作动器存在的诸如动态响应差、固有频率低等问题,提出一种增加了一个总压力控制阀的改进型电液复合调节一体化作动器.通过保持作动筒高、低压腔的压力之和为一常数,使泵控系统的固有频率和阀控系统相同,有效地改善了动态响应.在综合考虑这种改进的电液一体化作动器中不可忽视的结构刚度、摩擦、泄漏等非线性因素对系统的影响后,在已有简化模型基础上建立了非线性仿真模型.用AMESim软件进行仿真验证和分析,结果表明该模型较好地反映了实际系统的性能,为功率电传一体化舵机的进一步结构优化和控制提供了理论依据.     

电动静液作动器非线性框图建模与鲁棒控制方法

 阐述了机载电动静液作动器（EHA）的典型工作原理与结构特点,根据其元部件数学方程,建立非线性精确框图模型,完善了EHA补油回路和摩擦特性的描述。通过对系统阻尼、稳态误差及摩擦的仿真分析,设计了一种结合动态压力反馈与变增益控制策略的状态反馈控制器,改善了系统动、静态性能。鲁棒性测试结果反映了系统参数不确定性对性能的影响。