Ti—48Al合金PST晶体显微组织及高温压缩性能

采用磁悬浮区域熔炼的方法，制备了ＰＳＴ晶体，在８００℃对其压缩性能进行了测试，并对其变形组织进行了观察。结果表明，在８００℃时的屈服强度取决于片层界面与压缩轴的夹角，在＝９０°时屈服强度为最高，而＝４５°为最低。８００°时屈服强度有较大程度的下降，这与α２相中锥面滑移系｛１１２１｝〈１１２６〉的临界分切应力的降低有关。     

含Cr铸造Ti3Al＋TiAl合金的室温拉伸断裂行为

研究了Ｔｉ－４４．９Ａｌ（ａｔ－％）合金和Ｔｉ－４４．３Ａｌ－３Ｃｒ（ａｔ－％）合金的室温拉伸断裂过程。结果表明，Ｃｒ提高了合金的塑性。塑性的提高与含Ｃｒ合金含有更多的γ－ＴｉＡｌ相和形成由细晶γ和α＿２＋γ细晶组成的双重组织有关。Ｃｒ促使块状α＿２和β２相的形成，对阻碍γ相上的长程滑移有明显的作用。进一步细化铸态晶粒或制备具有片状α＿２＋γ组织的单晶合金是发展铸造α＿２＋γ合金的目标。     

近α型钛合金长时高温暴露过程中显微组织演变及其对热稳定性的影响

研究了近α型钛合金TG6经α+β两相区热加工的盘锻件在600℃长时暴露过程中的显微组织演变及其对热稳定性的影响。结果表明:经600℃/100h和600℃/300h长时高温暴露后,TG6钛合金的室温拉伸强度略有提高,其增幅在5%左右,而其拉伸塑性显著降低,塑性保持率小于50%,拉伸断口趋于平直化,且存在梯田状台阶和二次裂纹等,表现为显著的解理断裂特征。在600℃高温长时暴露过程中,TG6钛合金中的显微组织变化主要有在基体组织中的共格有序α2相析出及硅化物析出。随着高温暴露时间的延长,TG6钛合金的显微组织逐渐趋于稳定,拉伸性能的变化也相应趋缓。α2相析出促进了拉伸变形时位错滑移的平面化及变形不均匀,是热稳定性下降的主要原因;而硅化物析出协同促进位错滑移集中化,是热稳定性下降的次要因素。     

Ti—60合金时效处理时初生α相的长大

对Ｔｉ－５．６Ａｌ－４．８Ｓｎ－２Ｚｒ－１Ｍｏ－０．３２Ｓｉ－１Ｎｄ（ｗｔ％）高温钛合金（简称Ｔｉ－６０）１０１０℃／２ｈ－ＷＱ，７６０℃／２ｈ－ＡＣ热处理样品的分析表明，时效处理时，初生α相的晶界向β转变组织内部移动，形成弓出型晶界。淬火状态的相界以一列颗粒形式的残留物显示出来，残留物为富Ｓｉ－Ｚｒ析出物。同时还观察到被残留物阻碍的位错。     

TG6高温钛合金中α2相的沉淀析出行为及其对塑性的影响

随着对高温钛合金耐热性要求的不断提高,往往得通过加入高含量的Al、Sn、Zr和Si等元素来进行合金化,但在获得高热强性的同时也会因高温长时服役过程中析出α2相和硅化物而降低合金的塑性等.本文研究了TG6钛合金在不同热处理状态下α2相的沉淀析出行为及其对塑性的影响.结果表明,600℃是α2相析出的最佳动力学温度,α2相与α基体保持完全的晶体学共格关系,在α基体中均匀弥散分布,两者具有极小的错配度.共格有序的α2相析出将促进位错的集中平面滑移,限制了交滑移的进行,并引起滑移的不均匀分布,形成粗大的滑移带,从而引起室温拉伸塑性的下降.     

TiAl＋Sb合金室温变形亚结构的研究

使用透射电子显微镜，较详细地研究了Ｔｉ－３４Ａｌ－０．５Ｓｂ（ｗｔ％）合金经过２～３％室温压缩塑性变形以后的变形亚结构。试验结果表明，ＴｉＡｌ＋Ｓｂ合金室温变形时，在ｒ相板条内形成大量变形孪晶。相邻板条呈某种位向关系下，可以以相界面作镜面，在其两侧的两片ｒ相板条内形成呈一一对应关系的变形孪晶。而在一些取向的ｒ相板条内只产生位错。     

喷射沉积Ni3Al—Mo合金的位错结构分析

利用多功能雾化沉积装置制备了Ｎｉ－Ａｌ－Ｍｏ 系Ｎｉ３Ａｌ基高温合金。拉伸性能测试表明，喷射沉积Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｍｏ 合金的屈服强度具有明显的“Ｒ”特性。利用ＴＥＭ 位错结构分析，阐明了合金微观结构与屈服强度之间的关系，研究结果表明，试验合金所具有的屈服强度随温度的变化规律主要是由不同温度下γ′及γ相内的位错缠结状况、位错对的形态及数量和六面体滑移系的开动程度决定的。     

近等温变形量对TC4-DT钛合金组织参数和拉伸性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针、金相图像分析软件等研究近等温变形量对TC4-DT钛合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响规律。研究发现:随热变形程度的增大,晶界α相逐渐被破碎,晶内粗大的片状α相宽度逐渐增大,但是细片状的α相宽度变化不大。粗片状α相是由元素扩散引起的成分偏析形成,60%的变形程度下元素扩散充分,不同形态α相之间合金元素成分差别降低,使得最终组织较为均匀。晶内粗片状α相含量和位向随变形程度升高而变化,低变形程度下(20%)α/β相界不会成为位错滑移的障碍,位错主要集聚于晶界导致沿晶断裂。高变形程度(60%)使原来的两相位向关系被打破,相界成为位错滑移的障碍,强度和塑性都得到提高,室温拉伸断口呈现穿晶断裂。实验结果表明在本实验条件下60%的变形量可以获得较好的强度和塑性匹配。     

Ti_3Al基合金位错类型的确定

本文利用透射电镜微观观察和理论分析探讨了Ti_3Al基五元合金中α_2相的位错滑移系统。实验结果表明,α_2相中易观察到的位错滑移系统为(1100)[0001]和(1100)[1120]并与派纳力理论计算相符。     

制备工艺对NiAl-30Fe-Y合金组织与性能的影响

研究了铸态、挤压态、热轧态和定向凝固结晶４种不同制备工艺对ＮｉＡｌ－３０Ｆｅ－Ｙ合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,热轧和定向凝固结晶工艺明显改善了合金性能,特别是提高了合金室温塑性。在室温下不同制备工艺其拉伸断口特征明显不同。不同制备工艺仅对微观组织形态产生影响,其合金组织皆是由先共晶Ｂ２结构β和β与（γ＋γ'）共晶相组成,定向凝固合金成长方向为＜２１１＞β‖＜１００＞（γ＋γ'）。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.