带底部法兰筒形件切旋成形工艺研究

旋压成形工艺是一种少/无切削、成形力小的渐进成形技术,广泛应用于现代制造业。针对带底部法兰的筒形件提出一种切旋两步成形工艺,采用有限元方法对不同参数条件下的旋压成形过程进行数值模拟,得到旋轮倾角、旋轮圆角半径以及进给比等因素对成形过程中成形力大小和坯料的筒壁厚度分布以及应变分布的影响,并通过试验验证了工艺的可行性。     

铝镁钪合金舱体内旋成形有限元分析

采用有限元法对带内环向加强筋铝镁钪合金筒形件旋压成形进行了数值模拟,分析了坯料应力应变分布状态和工艺参数对成形的影响.结果表明,轴截面坯料主要处于轴向伸长、径向压缩状态,内表面坯料处于轴向伸长状态;减薄率和进给比对成形影响显著,模拟分析减薄率不宜大于50％,进给比为0.5～2.0mm/r较佳.     

基于剪普复合旋压方法的双轮同步旋压技术

以解决小平面封底、二次曲线型、大直径、厚壁头罩类壳体旋压成形难题为目的,提出集成了厚壁板坯短剪切渐进成形轨迹设计、普旋预成形与短剪切成形轨迹配合设计、镜像双旋轮同步旋压精确控制、加热旋压控温曲线标定等技术内容,有别于传统的剪切旋压、普通旋压的单模具剪普复合旋压方法。通过试验,摸索了多道次普旋预成形和单模具剪普复合旋压成形基本规律,总结了旋压轨迹设计方法。实现了二次曲线厚壁头罩单模具一次成形,直径、壁厚、轮廓度等主要精度误差均小于0.2 mm。     

不同圆角过渡的3A21铝合金矩形管弯曲壁厚变化与损伤研究

为获得不同圆角过渡3A21铝合金薄壁矩形管弯曲的壁厚变化和损伤情况,采用弹性模量变化法,通过对拉伸进行试样反复加载、卸载试验,获取了Lemaitre断裂准则中的损伤参数。基于ABAQUS/Explicit的VUMAT二次开发平台,开发了耦合Lemaitre准则的用户材料子程序,建立了相同弯曲半径条件下不同圆角过渡的矩形管弯曲损伤预测三维有限元模型,并对模型的可靠性进行了验证。基于所建模型,研究发现管材壁厚减薄率与损伤最大值均出现在弯曲后截面50°左右,并且管材截面的圆角半径越小,其弯曲后中性层外侧壁厚减薄越严重,损伤值越大,即管材截面形状越趋向于矩形,弯曲过程中越容易发生破裂。     

带螺旋内筋薄壁筒形件旋压变形特征

采用有限元模拟和实验结合的方法,研究了带螺旋内筋薄壁筒形件旋压变形特征。首先建立带螺旋内筋薄壁筒形件旋压有限元模型,并通过实验验证模型的可靠性。然后基于有限元模拟结果,分析旋轮作用下不同区域的应力特征及成形工件不同区域的应变特征。结果表明:筒壁区材料在旋轮作用下受三向压应力,内筋处外层材料受三向压应力,内层材料径向受压应力,切向和轴向受拉应力;成形后工件具有明显的不均匀变形特征,外层材料应变大于内层材料应变,筒壁区材料应变大于内筋处材料应变;筒壁区材料的应变特征为径向压缩应变,切向和轴向为拉伸应变,而内筋区的应变特征主要为外层材料的径向压缩应变和内层材料的径向拉伸应变。     

2219铝合金热变形行为对精密旋压成形的影响

采用Gleeble-3500热力模拟试验机对2219铝合金进行物理模拟。通过应力-应变曲线和金相组织观察研究了2219铝合金的高温塑性流变行为及其对合金旋压变形的影响。结果显示:2219铝合金在高温塑性变形过程中的流变应力主要受变形温度和应变速率的影响,变形量对其影响不明显;随着变形温度的提高或应变速率的降低,应力-应变曲线中的峰值应力和稳态流变应力均呈现下降的趋势。另外,采用"Gleeble"物理模拟+工艺试验的研制路线有助于实现2219铝合金大型结构件旋压成形的"控形",基于热模拟结果设计特征旋压温度(300～350℃)、进给比(0.6～1.5 mm/r)、变形量(30%)对2219铝板进行旋压变形,可获得内、外表面质量均良好的大型铝合金壳体,其壁厚差0.2 mm,且壳体内型面与理论型面样板单边间隙0.1 mm。     

TC2钛合金薄壁型材下陷成形工艺参数分析及优化

采用试验和计算机模拟相结合的方法，对TC2钛合金薄壁型材的单边下陷成形工艺开展研究。通过在室温至600℃范围内对TC2合金型材的热拉伸变形行为进行分析，建立了该型材热拉伸的Johnson-Cook本构模型。在此基础上，对L截面TC2钛合金型材的单边下陷过程进行计算机模拟，分析了下陷过程中型材应力、应力三轴度的分布。结果表明，下陷区L拐角处容易产生应力集中，由于变形前段该区域的应力三轴度R_d>0，呈拉应力状态，因此微裂纹容易在应力集中处形核并沿型材纵向扩展。通过对成形温度、下陷段长度和过渡圆角半径进行优化，得到最佳工艺参数条件为成形温度300℃，下陷区长度21 mm，过渡圆角半径49 mm。     

粘性介质压力成形的应用研究

 给出了VPF 在镍基高温合金波纹形薄壁板件、铝合金阶梯形板件和不锈钢球形阀芯板壳件等成形中的应用,研究结果表明: (1) VPF 技术适合于成形高强度超薄壁(壁厚为013 mm) 小半径( r ≤2 mm) 曲面板件,可以避免局部颈缩和开裂,成形的零件尺寸精度高( IT10～11); (2) 对于采用多道次刚模拉深成形的铝合金阶梯形板件,可以一次拉深成形; (3) 可以成形用于密封的高尺寸精度和表面质量的球形阀芯壳件。     

间隙位置和几何对端壁冷却性能的影响

采用数值求解三维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和k-ω湍流模型,研究了间隙位置和几何对燃气轮机叶片端壁冷却性能的影响。在验证数值方法正确性的基础上,研究了3种间隙位置对端壁气膜冷却性能的影响,并提出了3种渐缩梯形间隙结构,分析了渐缩间隙结构对端壁流动和冷却特性的影响。结果表明,间隙距叶片前缘距离的增大会降低叶片前缘附近马蹄涡影响区域的气膜有效度,但是,当质量流量比大于1.0%时,端壁气膜有效度分布均匀性提高。在质量流量比为0.5%时,间隙位于距叶片前缘0.1倍轴向弦长位置时,会发生主流入侵的现象。相比于原始间隙,3种渐缩梯形间隙均能够显著提高端壁气膜有效度。特别是质量流量比为1%时,3种渐缩梯形间隙使得端壁平均气膜有效度最大增大了105.36%。此外,渐缩梯形间隙还防止了在质量流量比为0.5%时,主流入侵的发生。     

大直径铝合金薄壁管轴压加载数控弯曲成形特性(英文)

实现不起皱条件下管材壁厚减薄的控制,是提高大直径铝合金薄壁管数控弯曲成形极限和质量的关键问题。在管端施加轴向压缩载荷将可能成为实现上述目标的一个途径。在本研究中,基于动力显式有限元法建立了轴压加载数控弯管过程模拟的三维弹塑性有限元模型,并通过多指标正交试验设计,获得了成形参数组合的合理范围,克服了轴压加载弯曲时管端的轴向压缩失稳现象,同时模型可靠性得到了实验的验证。将有限元模型与起皱能量预测模型相结合,研究了轴压加载下大直径薄壁小弯曲半径铝合金管数控弯曲的成形特性。结果表明:(1)管直径越大且弯曲半径越小,弯曲过程中管材的最大切向压应力区被诱发切向拉应力区分割越明显,则轴压加载减小减薄的作用越小,管端发生压缩失稳的可能性越大。(2)与无轴压加载弯曲过程相比,轴压加载下管材起皱可能性在成形前期较大,在成形后期较小。(3)对于尺寸因子小于80的管材,轴压加载减小管材壁厚减薄的作用大于轴压加载增大起皱的作用。     

工艺参数对Ti75 合金筒形件旋压成形的影响

建立了Ti75合金筒形件旋压三维有限元模型,分析了旋压过程中应力应变的分布规律.得到了进给速率、减薄率和旋轮工作角三个关键工艺参数对旋压过程的影响规律:随着旋轮工作角、进给速率和减薄率的增加,旋压力和隆起高度均增大;等效塑性应变随着减薄率的增加而增大,随进给速率的增大而减少,进给速率超过1 mm/s时,等效塑性应变基本保持不变;工作角小于20°范围内变化时,最大等效塑性应变几乎不变,当旋轮工作角超过25°,最大等效塑性应变迅速增大.     

Formability enhancement in hot spinning of titanium alloy thin-walled tube via prediction and control of ductile fracture

The damage and fracture in hot spinning of titanium alloy is a very complex process under the combined effects of microstructure evolution and stress state. In this study, their dependences on processing parameters were investigated by an integrated FE model considering microstructure and damage evolution, and revealing the effects of microstructure and stress states on damage evolution. The results show that the inner surface of workpiece with the largest voids volume fraction is the place with...     

Neck-spinning quality analysis and optimization of process parameters for plunger components: Simulation and experimental study

The plunger component is a key part of the plunger pump in the aircraft hydraulic system. Neck-spinning process is commonly used to fabricate plunger components, of which the quality of the spinning process significantly affects the performance of plunger pumps. One of the bottlenecks faced by the industry in the spinning process is to choose a suitable neck-spinning process so as to ensure the quality of plunger components. It is necessary to propose a reliable method to optimize the process parameters which affect the neck-spinning quality of plunger components. In this study, a calculable finite element analysis (FEA) model is established to simulate the three-roller neck-spinning process of the plunger component, which includes six typical slipper structures, two roller structures, and two spinning parameters. The FEA model is then validated by comparing the simulated spinning forces with the corresponding experimental results. The influence of the process conditions on the neck-spinning quality is investigated. And the orthogonal simulation results are analyzed by a combination of range method and fuzzy mathematical analysis method to recommend a reasonable slipper structure, roller structure and neck-spinning parameters. This study provides a promising method to improve the manufacturing quality of the typical plunger components.     

航空发动机主轴滚子轴承非典型失效机理

针对某航空发动机圆柱滚子轴承的非典型失效问题，基于滚动轴承动力学理论，考虑滚子动不平衡量及滚子与套圈挡边间的碰摩，建立高速圆柱滚子轴承的动力学微分方程组，采用预估-校正GSTIFF（Gear stiff）变步长积分算法进行求解，分析了轴承工况参数和结构参数对动不平衡滚子的最大歪斜角和滚子与挡边最大碰撞力的影响。结果表明：滚子最大歪斜角和滚子与挡边最大碰撞力大小随滚子动不平衡量、轴承内圈转速增加而增大，与径向载荷间未表现出明显的相关性；较小的轴向游隙能够有效抑制滚子歪斜，但会增大滚子与挡边碰撞力，存在合理的轴向游隙范围使得在滚子歪斜角不会过大的情况下滚子与挡边碰撞力较小；较小的保持架兜孔周向游隙与挡边负背角和较大的滚子球端面半径能够减小滚子最大歪斜角和滚子与挡边最大碰撞力。     

A Study on Multi-defect Constrained Bendability of Thin-walled Tube NC Bending Under Different Clearance

Thin-walled tube numerical control (NC) bending is a tri-nonlinear physical process with multi-defect and multi-die constraints. The clearance on each contact interface is the major factor to indicate the contact conditions. A three-dimensional-finite element (3D-FE) model is established to consider the realistic dynamic boundary conditions of multiple dies under ABAQUS/Explicit platform. Combined with experiment, numerical study on bending behavior and bendability under different clearance between tube and various dies is conducted in terms of wrinkling, wall thinning and cross section deformation. The results show that (1)with smaller clearance of tube-wiper die and tube-mandrel, the wrinkling can be restrained while the wall thinning It and cross-section deformation Id increase; while excessive small clearance blocks tube materials to flow past tangent point and causes piles up, the onset of wrinkling enhances It and Id. (2)Both It and Id decrease with smaller clearance of tube-pressure die; the wrinkling possibility rises with larger clearance on this interface if the mandrel’s freedom along Y-axis is opened; smaller clearance of tube-bend die prevents wrinkling while increases It, and the clearance on this interface has little effect on Id. (3)A modified Yoshida buckling test (YBT) is used to address the wrinkling mechanisms under normal constraints in tube bending: the smaller clearance may restrain wrinkling efficiently; the smaller wall thickness, the less critical clearance needed; the critical clearance for tube bending 38 mm×1 mm×57 mm (tube outer diameter×wall thickness×centerline bending radius) equals about 20% of initial wall thickness.     

Inconel 718车削过程中刀具涂层材料和几何参数对切削力的影响研究

基于Deform 2D仿真软件建立了Inconel 718高温合金车削的有限元模型,对车削过程进行了仿真分析,获得了刀具涂层材料和刀具几何参数对切削力的影响规律。研究结果表明:Inconel 718车削过程中,采用涂层刀具时切削力无明显降低;切削力随前角增大而降低,随后角增大变化不大,随刀尖圆弧半径增大而升高,其中前角和刀尖圆弧半径影响较为显著;根据Inconel 718的切削加工性,建议Inconel 718精车时刀具几何参数的取值范围为:前角6°~8°,后角12°~14°,刀尖圆弧半径0.2~0.4mm。     

TC4合金低塑性抛光过程数值模拟

为了研究低塑性抛光工艺参数对材料表面性能的影响,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对TC4合金板材低塑性抛光表面强化过程进行了数值模拟。运用单因素试验法分别分析了液压油预压力、滚压速度、滚压道次、进给量4个工艺参数对表面残余应力的影响。结果表明:液压油预压力对残余应力分布影响最大,增加液压油预压力可使残余压应力层深度明显增加;滚压速度和滚压道次主要影响表面残余应力,表面残余压应力随滚压速度减小和滚压道次增加而增大;进给量对残余应力分布均匀性有显著影响,减小进给量可使均匀性增高。通过对比残余应力分布,建议液压油预压力设为450 N,滚压速度取为10 mm/s,进给量取为0.1 mm,滚压道次选择为3次。研究结果可为TC4合金低塑性抛光试验工艺参数选取提供理论参考。     

不同壁厚的TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头紧固力的模拟计算

研究不同壁厚的TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头紧固力随时间变化的定量关系对航空用TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头有重要的实际工程应用价值。在有关TiNiFe形状记忆合金的力学建模和公式推导的基础上,利用计算机进行软件编程,完成了对TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头升温过程产生紧固力的计算模拟,得到了TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头在约束升温状态下紧固力随时间变化的模拟曲线,重点研究了管接头壁的厚度对管接头产生紧固力的影响,并通过具体的实验进行验证。发现管接头的升温逆转变过程很短,壁厚小于2.5mm范围内的管接头的紧固力随着壁厚的增加而增加,几乎成线性关系。     

民用飞机管路件弯曲工艺分析

运用有限元数值模拟方法来模拟工艺过程、指导工艺试验、辅助工艺参数选择是有效提高设计效率的重要途径。采用有限元法对Ti-3Al-2.5V导管弯曲这一典型导管制造工艺进行了过程分析,为合理选取导管弯曲半径和弯曲角度提供依据,也为在导管弯曲工艺设计中引入有限元数值分析方法提供借鉴。     

Radially loading rotary extrusion for manufacturing large-size conical cylinders with inner transverse high ribs

The Large-size Conical Cylinders with Inner Transverse High Ribs (LCCWITHR) can reduce the weight of the parts while maintaining high rigidity and strength. Radially Loading Rotary Extrusion (RLRE) forming technology can achieve integral forming of LCCWITHR through the synergy of radial and rotary movements of dies. The flow law of the material during the forming process is the key to forming large-size inner ribs. At present, there is no unified understanding of the metal flow law of RLRE forming technology. An analytical expression was derived to predict the Radial Direction (RD) deformation loads. The FE simulation and process experiment were carried out to investigate the effects of the inclination angle, thickness factor and transition arc radius of the split top dies on the spacing of the metal diversion plane, the metal flow velocity of the rib area and the final radius of the inner rib. The influence of the split top dies loading distance and the bottom die rotation angle of each pass on the inner radius of the inner rib was verified. And the optimal combination of dies shape parameters and loading paths which can make the metal flow orderly was obtained: the inclination angle is 140°, the thickness factor is 3.64, the transition arc radius is 16 mm; the top dies loading distance is 15 mm, the bottom die rotation angle is 45°. The FE simulation results have been found to be in close agreement with physics experiment. The research results reveal the metal flow law of rib growth in the RLRE of LCCWITHR, which lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent thorough research and process optimization.