机载SAR成像对瞄准线运动补偿的要求

飞机偏离匀速直线运动的运动误差是机载合成孔径雷达成像的基本困难之一。通过详细的理论推导,给出了当飞机沿瞄准线方向同时存在恒定速度误差,恒定加速度误差和正确弦摆动速度误差时,以回波信号压缩波形的主瓣偏移,二次相位误差,三次相位误差以及积分旁瓣比等ＳＡＲ系统图像质量指标的最大允许值表示的机载正侧视ＳＡＲ运动补偿定量要求的解析式。并结合一例子进行了计算分析,所得结论可供有关人员参考。     

基于数值计算的机载SAR空变运动补偿算法

针对机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)高分辨率宽测绘带(HRWS)成像问题,在分析结合两步运动误差补偿的距离徙动算法基础上,提出一种基于数值计算的空变运动误差补偿算法。通过对粗聚焦图像进行分块,在子块的两维波数域进行空变运动补偿,补偿的相位包括方位相位误差、距离相位误差以及方位和距离的耦合相位,因此该算法在复杂航迹、高分辨和宽测绘带情况下仍具有较好的鲁棒性。最后对SAR仿真数据和实测数据进行处理,并与结合两步运动误差补偿的距离徙动算法进行比较,处理结果表明该算法能够更好地补偿空变运动误差。     

连接CAD与CAM的桥梁──SIGRAPH－NC系统

连接ＣＡＤ与ＣＡＭ的桥梁──ＳＩＧＲＡＰＨ－ＮＣ系统ＳＩＧＲＡＰＨ—ＮＣ是西门子利多富公司开发的可供数据机床实现江经的编程软件，是连接ＣＡＤ与ＣＡＭ的桥梁．１９ｏｐＡＰＨ—ＣＡＤ—ＺＤＳＩＧＲＡＰＨ的二维ＣＡＤ具有ＳｌｏｐＡＰＨ—ＣＡＤ—Ａ这样的编制...     

基于距离子带的机载SAR高精度多级空变运动补偿

运动补偿（MOCO）是机载合成孔径雷达（SAR）获取高质量图像的关键,超高分辨率成像中,如何精确、高效地校正空变运动误差仍是很大的挑战。本文提出了一种改进的多级空变运动补偿方案,兼顾处理的精度和效率。首先,采用一步运动补偿法有效去除运动误差的距离空变分量,避免引起额外的距离徙动校正（RCMC）误差。同时,修正视线方向误差的传统计算方式,保证相位精度的前提下结合距离子带实现无插值的近似距离包络补偿。然后,利用距离子带降低残余方位空变误差的距离空变性和对方位时频关系的影响,显著改善宽波束情况下的聚焦效果,降低孔径依赖补偿算法的运算量。最终分辨率达到0.1 m,具有实际工程应用价值。点目标仿真和实测数据处理验证了所做的研究。     

METHOD FOR CALCULATING KILL PROBABILITY OF MISSILE WITH CONTINUOUS ROD WARHEAD IN FORWARD HEMI-SPHERE ATTACKING

ＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＮＧＫＩＬＬＰＲＯＢＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＯＦＭＩＳＳＩＬＥＷＩＴＨＣＯＮＴＩＮＵＯＵＳＲＯＤＷＡＲＨＥＡＤＩＮＦＯＲＷＡＲＤＨＥＭＩ┐ＳＰＨＥＲＥＡＴＴＡＣＫＩＮＧＮｉｅＲｏｎｇｍｅｉ（聂蓉梅）,ＬｉＴｉｎｇｊｉｅ（李廷...     

ARTEMIS计划——欧空局的试用数据中继卫星

“高级中继和技术卫星”（ＡＲＴＥＭＩＳ）是欧洲空间局数据中继和技术卫星（ＤＲＴＭ）计划的一部分，该计划由两个独立部分组成；ＡＲＴＥＭＩＳ和数据中继卫星（ＤＲＳ），Ａｒｔｅｍｉｓ工程的主要包商是意大利的ＡＬＥＮＩＡＳＰＡＺＩＯ（ＡＬＳ），它领导了一个由若干欧洲和加拿大的大型公司组成的工业财团，ＡＬＳ目前正在制造这颗卫星，预计１９９８年中作好发射准备（发射时间已推至２０００年－译注）。本文第一部分介绍     

ROBUST ADAPTIVE BANK-TO-TURN MISSILE AUTOPILOT DESIGN USING FUZZY CMAC NEURAL NETWORKS

ＲＯＢＵＳＴＡＤＡＰＴＩＶＥＢＡＮＫ┐ＴＯ┐ＴＵＲＮＭＩＳＳＩＬＥＡＵＴＯＰＩＬＯＴＤＥＳＩＧＮＵＳＩＮＧＦＵＺＺＹＣＭＡＣＮＥＵＲＡＬＮＥＴＷＯＲＫＳＺｈａｎｇＹｏｕａｎ（张友安）,ＣｕｉＰｉｎｇｙｕａｎ（崔平远）,ＷａｎｇＳｈｏｕｂｉｎｇ（王守斌...     

PASSIVE LOCATION AND ACCURACY ANALYSIS USING TDOA INFORMATION OF MULTI-STATIONS

ＰＡＳＳＩＶＥＬＯＣＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＡＣＣＵＲＡＣＹＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＵＳＩＮＧＴＤＯＡＩＮＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＭＵＬＴＩ┐ＳＴＡＴＩＯＮＳＹａｎｇＬｉｎ（杨林）,ＺｈｏｕＹｉｙｕ（周一宇）,ＳｕｎＺｈｏｎｇｋａｎｇ（孙仲康）（Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆ...     

SIGRAPH－NC数控编程系统

ＳＩＧＲＡＰＨ－ＮＣ数控编程系统西门子利多富公司推出了ＳＩＧＲＡＰＨ—ＮＣ数控编程系统．它可供数控机床实现ＮＣ控制，并将产品的设计过程与制造过程有机结合起来．用户可通过基于菜单的图形交互界面及使用方便的系统功能获得ＳＩＧＲＡＰＨ—ＮＣ的全面支持．豆高...     

INVESTIGATION OF SENSITIVITY FOR SILICON MICROMECHANICAL TUNING-FORK GYROSCOPE

ＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＥＮＳＩＴＩＶＩＴＹＦＯＲＳＩＬＩＣＯＮＭＩＣＲＯＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＣＡＬＴＵＮＩＮＧ┐ＦＯＲＫＧＹＲＯＳＣＯＰＥＲｕａｎＡｉｗａ（阮爱武）１,ＬｉＷａｎｙｕ（李万玉）２,ＦｅｎｇＰｅｉｄｅ（冯培德）３１Ａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃ...     

Identifying the number of aircraft in formation flight using ISAR technique

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Motion compensation for ISAR and noise effect

A method of motion compensation for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) is proposed. The techniques of interpolation, cross correlation, and estimation are used together. Essential to the method is the fact that avoiding cross-range image aliasing due to Doppler ambiguities requires range profiles to be generated at an adequate rate. The effect of noise on motion compensation is studied by means of simulation. The quality of the reconstructed image is used to evaluate the method     

双基地角时变下的ISAR稀疏孔径自聚焦成像

针对双基地角时变下的逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）成像分辨率低以及稀疏孔径存在相位误差引起图像散焦等问题,提出了一种基于贝叶斯压缩感知（BCS）的双基地ISAR稀疏孔径自聚焦高分辨成像算法。在平动补偿后回波数据的基础上,首先构造补偿相位将由双基地角时变引起的多普勒偏移补偿掉,然后构造随双基地角变化的稀疏基矩阵,建立基于压缩感知的双基地ISAR稀疏孔径观测模型,并将相位误差作为ISAR成像的模型误差,接着假设目标图像各像元服从Laplace先验、噪声统计特性服从Gaussian分布,利用贝叶斯推理进行"分布式"迭代求解,在高分辨成像的同时实现了相位自聚焦,仿真结果验证了算法的有效性和优越性。     

Robust autofocus algorithm for ISAR imaging of moving targets

A robust autofocus approach, referred to as AUTOCLEAN (AUTOfocus via CLEAN), is proposed for the motion compensation in ISAR (inverse synthetic aperture radar) imaging of moving targets. It is a parametric algorithm based on a very flexible data model which takes into account arbitrary range migration and arbitrary phase errors across the synthetic aperture that may be induced by unwanted radial motion of the target as well as propagation or system instability. AUTOCLEAN can be classified as a multiple scatterer algorithm (MSA), but it differs considerably from other existing MSAs in several aspects: (1) Dominant scatterers are selected automatically in the 2D image domain; (2) scatterers may not be well isolated or very dominant; (3) phase and RCS information from each selected scatterer are combined in an optimal way; (4) the troublesome phase unwrapping step is avoided. AUTOCLEAN is computationally efficient and involves only a sequence of FFTs. Another good feature associated with AUTOCLEAN is that its performance can be progressively improved by assuming a larger number of dominant scatterers for the target. Numerical and experimental results have shown that AUTOCLEAN is a very robust autofocus tool for ISAR imaging     

基于压缩感知的MIMO-SAR运动误差补偿与成像

多发多收合成孔径雷达（MIMO-SAR）利用多通道空间并行采样的优势可实现高分辨成像,但不可避免地存在运动误差与海量数据不便于存储与传输的问题。针对该问题提出一种基于压缩感知的MIMO-SAR运动误差补偿与成像方法。首先通过详细分析MIMO-SAR运动误差回波信号模型,在全采样条件下利用两步运动补偿技术实现对回波数据的运动误差补偿处理,其次针对降采样回波数据的运动误差补偿,通过构造变换算子与压缩感知（CS）重构模型的方法实现第1步运动误差补偿、距离脉压以及距离徙动校正处理,然后再进行第2步误差补偿与方位向脉压处理获得成像结果。最后通过仿真实验验证了所提方法能够在大幅压缩回波数据的情况下,实现MIMO-SAR运动误差补偿与成像处理。     

方位维逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)运动补偿成象中的预加处理

在方位维逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）运动补偿成象中,为了获得方位维的高分辨力,需要处理的数据量很大。预加处理首先对原始数据进行频移和滤波,然后由滤波后的数据进行抽取,从而大大压缩了所需处理的数据,减小了运动补偿和成象的计算量,提高了成象处理速度。电磁仿真数据和外场实测数据的处理结果验证了预加处理的有效性。     

Simultaneous ISAR imaging of group targets flying in formation

This paper proposes a novel inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR) imaging method based on second-order keystone transform(KT) and Sandglass transform for group targets flying in a formation with constant accelerated rectilinear motion in the same radar beam. First, range curvature and range walk of each sub-target among group targets are corrected by the second-order KT combined with the quadratic phase term compensation. After range alignment, the signals in each range frequency cell can be modelled as multiple chirp signals and then the Sandglass transform is utilized to cross-range imaging, which transforms the time–frequency distribution of the signals in each range frequency cell into beelines parallel to the slow time axis simultaneously. Finally, cross-range profiles of group targets in each range frequency cell are obtained via a projection of the perk of every scatterer in the two-dimensional accumulation plane onto the frequency axis. The advantage of the proposed method is that it can align range profiles of each sub-target simultaneously and image cross-range profiles directly without separating the returned signals, which simplifies the operation procedure. Simulation results are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于修正离散Chirp-Fourier变换的高速目标ISAR距离像补偿

分析了高速运动目标的逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）回波信号模型和高速运动对ISAR信号处理的影响。结果表明,高速运动特征会导致目标一维距离像的畸变和二维像的模糊。为此,提出了一种基于修正离散Chirp Fourier变换（MDCFT）的高速运动目标距离像补偿算法,采用MDCFT谱包络最小Shannon熵准则进行参数估计,可解决幅度最大准则下参数估计性能恶化的问题。仿真结果表明了该距离像补偿算法的有效性。