涡轮盘用IN718合金的高温低周疲劳及其裂纹扩展特性

研究了IN718合金在360℃、550℃和650℃下的低周疲劳行为及疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN,包括循环应力-应变行为、Massing效应、低周疲劳寿命的能量表达以及疲劳裂纹扩展速率,并讨论了保持时间对da/dN的影响。实验结果表明,该合金在各种温度下表现出循环软化,在本文所试温度下具有Massing特性,其塑性应变能与疲劳寿命在双对数坐标中呈现出很好的线性关系,其da/dN随温度的升高而增大,在650℃下保持时间对da/dN的影响很明显,而550℃时则很轻微。     

LY12CZ铝合金的疲劳门槛值及宽范围裂纹扩展速率的研究

用降载、升载和恒幅试验程序测定了LY12CZ铝合金板材在三种应力比(R=0.5,0和-1)下的疲劳门槛值及宽范围的裂纹扩展速率.研究结果表明,三种应力比的da/dN-ΔK曲线上所出现的相同转变点与微观扩展机制、裂纹表面的形貌和材料本身特性有关;裂纹闭合效应是引起应力比相关性的重要机制;用裂纹闭合模型计算的裂纹张开应力相当好地关联了在宽范围速率(da/dN=10-8～10-2mm/cycle)内的三种应力比的da/dN与有效应力强度因子范围ΔKeff的关系.     

导弹推进剂贮箱结构强度及剩余寿命实验研究

用三点弯曲多试样方法对导弹推进剂贮箱主要材料LD10铝合金及其焊件的断裂韧性和疲劳性能进行了实验研究,得到了材料母材、热影响区和焊缝的断裂韧性J_(IC)和疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN的规律。结合无损检测信息可以对导弹推进剂贮箱进行安全性评定和剩余寿命评估。     

金属材料疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验方法

疲劳裂纹扩展速率(da/dN)不仅是对传统疲劳设计,和试验的重要补充和完善,而且是表征材质抗疲劳断裂性能的重要指标。因此测定金属材料的da/dN,为设计、生产、使用提供基本参数,具有较大的实际意义。     

应力比和腐蚀环境对超高强度钢AerMet100疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

采用载荷控制与应力强度因子控制两种方法研究超高强度钢AerMet100在不同裂纹扩展速率区域受到应力比和腐蚀环境影响的疲劳裂纹扩展行为。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对断口进行观察。结果表明:疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN≤1×10-5mm/cycle时,当应力比R≤0.5,疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值ΔK th随着应力比R增加而减小,当应力比R≥0.5,疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值变化趋于平缓;在da/dN≥1×10-5mm/cycle时,疲劳裂纹扩展速率出现不受应力比影响的收敛现象。在da/dN≥1×10-5mm/cycle时,腐蚀环境会加速疲劳裂纹扩展;在裂纹扩展速率da/dN≤1×10-5mm/cycle时,由于氧化致裂纹尖端闭合效应,腐蚀环境导致裂纹扩展变慢,并使裂纹扩展门槛值增大。     

某直升机进口材料断裂性能测定技术

本文在总结传统疲劳裂纹扩展曲线的基础上,讨论了四参数全范围da/dN曲线公式。根据断裂性能测试标准,分别测试了直升机桨叶根部材料断裂韧性K1c,3个应力比下的裂纹扩展门槛值△Kth和裂纹扩展速率da/dN;再利用多元线性回归法对试验数据进行了曲线拟合,分别得到了断裂等寿命曲线和四参数全范围da/dN曲线公式。     

预应力过载对低周疲劳及da/dN的影响

研究了预拉伸应力过载对TC-11钛合金及GH33A高温合金的低周疲劳及da/dN的影响。证明在5×10~3～5×10~4低周疲劳寿命范围内,单边缺口试样的疲劳裂纹起始寿命Ni有明显提高,并可用经验表达式S~m(N_f/r)=C来估算,但对其裂纹扩展寿命Np的影响则并不显著。     

氢对TC4钛合金电子束焊接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响

采用充氢CT试样对TC4钛合金电子束焊接头的室温疲劳裂纹扩展速率进行了测定,并对试样断口和接头各区显微组织进行了观察.试验结果表明:充氢母材试样在低速扩展区和失稳扩展区的da/dN相对于未充氢试样有明显的提高,但不同氢含量之间差别不大,在稳态扩展区(Paris区),氢对da/dN的影响很小.充氢焊缝试样在整个裂纹扩展过...     

关于300M钢断裂韧性试样断口上延伸区的观察及定量研究

本文对300M钢断裂韧性试样断口上的延伸区进行了观察及测量,对其形成过程进行了讨论,并提出了延伸区平均宽度W与断裂韧性K_(IC)间的定量关系式W=0.3K_(IC)~2/E_(σy),将此式所得W的计算值与实测结果进行比较,二者十分吻合。     

腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展与寿命估算

将有效的疲劳裂纹扩展速率表达式应用于腐蚀疲劳,对腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展寿命估算进行了初步探讨。结果表明:腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率(da/dN)_(CF)与(△K-△K_(thCF))在双对数坐标上呈线性关系。首次提出临界加载频率概念,频率高于临界加载频率,频率对裂纹扩展没有影响;频率低于临界加载频率,提出了表示频率对裂纹扩展速率影响的频率效应函数。经客观的验证,用文中提出的公式估算的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展寿命和实验寿命吻合良好。     

Surface Recrystallization in Nickel Base Single Crystal Superalloy DD6

The samples of single crystal superalloy DD6 are grit blasted and then heat treated either with the standard heat treatment procedure or in the temperature range of 1 000-1 250 °C for 4-16 h at vacuum atmosphere, then the recrystallization behavior of DD6 alloy is investigated. The results show that the equiaxed recrystallization grains form in the γ phase region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved completely, and cellular recrystallization forms in the region where the as-cast γ′ phases have been dissolved partially. The cellular recrystallization area consists of cellular grains, and the cellular grain consists of cubic γ′ phase, lamellar γ′ phase and γ+γ′ The coexistence of the equiaxed recrystallization zones and cellular recrystallization zones is a recrystallized characteristic of the cold worked single crystal samples which are heat treated at a temperature lower than the solution temperature. When the heating temperature is higher than 1 150 °C, with the increase of heat treating temperature, the equiaxed recrystallization zone expands, whereas the cellular recrystallization zone shrinks. All the deformed regions are consumed by equiaxed recrystallization after annealing at solution temperature.     

Joining of SiO2 ceramic and TC4 alloy by nanoparticles modified brazing filler metal

Nano-Al₂O₃ particles modified AgCuNi filler was adopted to braze the SiO₂ ceramic and TC4. The effects of filler size as well as the brazing temperature on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical property of the joints were investigated. Nanoscale filler reduced the phases dimension and promoted the homogeneous distribution of microstructure, obtaining a higher joint strength when compared to microscale filler. The increase of brazing temperature made the accelerating dissolution and diffusion of Ti, which promoted the increase of thickness of Ti₄O₇ + TiSi₂ layer adjacent to SiO₂ ceramic and diffusion layer zone nearby TC4 alloy. The hypoeutectic structure was produced in the brazing seam due to the high Ti content. The maximum shear strength of ∼40 MPa was obtained at 950 °C for 10 min.     

Hot deformation behavior and strain compensation constitutive model of equiaxed fine grain diffusion-welded micro-duplex TC4 titanium alloy

In this work, two-stage diffusion bonding of micro-duplex TC4 titanium alloy was carried out to study the flow behavior and constitutive models of the bonding joint and the base metal after the same thermal cycling during the hot forming process. Microstructure and mechanical properties test were used to verify the good quality of the equiaxed fine grain diffusion-welded TC4 alloy. Quasi-static tensile experiment was carried out at temperatures ranging from 750–900 °C and strain rates of 0.0001–0.1 s⁻¹. The joint showed the weak dynamic recovery at strain rates of 0.01–0.1 s⁻¹ and temperatures of 750–850 °C. At strain rates of 0.0001–0.001 s⁻¹ and temperatures of 850–900 °C, the flow stress of joint presented steady-state characteristics. Different deformation conditions lead to the remarkable difference of dynamic softening performance between the joint and heat-treated base metal, but the flow stress in elastic and strain hardening stages exhibited similar behavior. The strain compensated Arrhenius-type constitutive models of TC4 joint and heat-treated base metal were developed respectively. The fifth-order polynomial functions between the material property correlation coefficients and strain were obtained. The models have shown good correlation, with correlation coefficient values of 0.984 and 0.99. The percentage average absolute relative error for the models were found to be 10% and 9.46%, respectively.     

阻燃钛合金Ti40的热物理性能及力学性能

作为一种功能性钛合金,Ti40阻燃钛合金的热物理性能数据首次被报道。采用真空自耗电弧熔炼技术制备的Ti40合金铸锭成分均匀,利用热挤压开坯+包套保护锻造方法制备的板坯组织均匀。性能测试结果表明:Ti40合金的室温抗拉强度为950 MPa级,且在500℃下具有良好的热暴露性能、高温蠕变性能和高温持久性能。在室温到600℃范围内,合金的杨氏模量和剪切模量随着温度的升高呈线性下降,泊松比随着温度升高而缓慢增加;线性热膨胀曲线随着温度升高呈抛物线增加,平均线膨胀系数随着温度的升高呈线性增加。     

Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金热压流变应力的研究

 测试了Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金在β区850℃～950℃、ε=5×10~(-3)～10s~(-1)条件下的压缩真应力-真应变曲线。研究了变形组织。结果表明:在850℃～950℃、ε=10~(-1)～10s~(-1)范围内变形,动态回复是主要软化机制,其σ-ε曲线为动态回复型,变形后的组织为拉长晶粒。对所得的σ-ε曲线进行了数学分析,得出了流变应力模型。     

锻造温度对TC4合金组织与性能的影响

研究锻造加热温度对TC4合金组织与性能的影响规律。表明其均采用锻后水冷加强化热处理相同条件下,TC4合金采用高温锻造(相变点以下10℃至相变点以上5℃),可以获得细密交错的网状α+β组织,或其间伴有少量等轴α相的双态组织,从而可得到高强度与高塑性的性能。本文还讨论了上述工艺使TC4合金有效强化的机理。     

Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of the laser solid formed TC4 titanium alloy

Hot compressive experiments of the laser solid formed (LSFed) TC4 titanium alloy were conducted at a wide temperature range of 650–950 °C and strain rate of 0.01–10 s⁻¹. The Arrhenius-type constitutive models of the LSFed TC4 alloy were established at the temperature range of 800–950 °C and of 650–800 °C, respectively. The average relative error between the predicted stresses and experimental values in those two temperature ranges are 10.4% and 8.3%, respectively, indicating that the prediction models constructed in this paper are in a good agreement with experimental data. Processing maps were established by the principle of dynamic materials modeling on the basis of the data achieved from the hot compression experiments. The processing parameters corresponding to the stable and unstable regions of material deformation can be determined from the processing maps. The microstructure evolution of the stable and unstable regions of the samples after tests were observed. Finally, the effect of hot compressive parameters on the microstructure were investigated to research the dynamic recrystallization and the texture of the deformed LSFed TC4 alloy.     

热处理对Mo-Si系金属间化合物微观组织和断裂韧性的影响

以纯金属Mo与纯Si为原料,通过电弧熔炼法制备了Mo₃Si-Mo₅Si3共晶,Mo₅Si3-MoSi₂亚共晶和过共晶Mo-Si系金属间化合物。在1200℃分别对3种合金进行了12h、24h、48h和96h真空退火,观察层状结构在合金中的形成、变化及破坏。1200℃退火48h后,在Mo₅Si3-MoSi₂亚共晶合金中发现了发展完好的Mo₅Si3（D8m）/MoSi₂（C11b）层状结构,层间距为几百纳米;在Mo₅Si3-MoSi₂过共晶合金中,层状结构的层间距与体积百分含量在退火前后没有发生明显变化;在Mo₃Si-Mo₅Si3共晶合金中始终未观察到层状结构的存在。通过压痕法测量了各合金的断裂韧性（K_IC）,研究了微观结构与KIC之间的关系。     

定向凝固钴基高温合金DZ40M的热处理研究

研究了热处理对新研制的定向凝固钴基高温合金DZ40M组织和性能的影响。结果表明 :12 80℃ / 4h固溶处理可完全溶解DZ40M合金中初生碳化物M7C3 和MC ,合金成为单相固溶体。95 0℃和 10 5 0℃时效处理可使DZ40M合金发生硬化 ,以 95 0℃时效硬化效果更为明显 ,相应的峰时效制度为 95 0℃ / 12h和 10 5 0℃ / 2 4h。时效处理引起M2 3 C6沉淀析出。 95 0℃ / 12h时效显著提高DZ40M合金室温强度和高温持久寿命 ,同时也减少了合金塑性 ,但合金仍保持一定的塑性。 10 5 0℃ / 2 4h虽然能增加室温拉伸性能 ,但削弱了高温持久性能     

快速凝固Al94Ti4C2合金的显微组织和相结构分析

 研究了快速凝固 Al94Ti4C2 (at% )合金的显微组织和相结构特征。常规金属型铸态组织由分布于 α-Al基体中的片状 Al3Ti和以团簇形式存在的尺寸为 0 .3～ 1 μm的 Ti5C4 颗粒组成。经快速凝固以后 ,Ti5C4 分散为 2 0～ 40 nm的颗粒 ,接近连续地排列于α-Al晶粒边界 ;而 Al3Ti的形成受到抑制并为一有序 LI2 结构的亚稳相 (～ Al4 Ti)所替代 ,该相的晶格常数为 a0 ≈ 0 .40 4 nm,呈单个颗粒分居于每个 α-Al晶粒内 ,同 α-Al之间保持完全共格关系。以此为基础 ,对凝固过程特别是 Ti5C4 形成机制进行了分析和探讨