考虑地面效应影响飞机起飞着陆过去运动模型的参数辨识

利用基于最小模型误差法和线性不连续跳跃多重打靶法基础上建立的非线性辨识法，辨识飞机起飞着陆过程飞机的非线性动态模型，对于包含复杂非线性项的动态系统，本方法可以从实际试验量测的系统非线性数据，确定飞机处于地面效应影响运动过程的系统模型，而不需要预先详细描述系统的非线性形式。     

考虑地面效应影响飞机起飞着陆过程运动模型的参数辨识

利用基于最小模型误差法和线性不连续跳跃多重打靶法基础上建立的非线性辨识法,辨识飞机起飞着陆过程飞机的非线性动态模型,对于包含复杂非线性项的动态系统,本方法可以从实际试验量测的系统非线性数据,确定飞机处于地面效应影响运动过程的系统模型,而不需须要预先详细描述系统的非线性形式。     

飞控-飞机低阶等效系统的在线辨识

以飞控—飞机低阶等效系统为背景，采用Taylor展开法研究了带纯延迟环节的二阶系统的在线辨识。采取了对低信息点进行抛弃，变步数起动等算法对传统的最小二乘法加以改进，大大减少了辨识过程中产生的误差，更适合于实时辨识。实际应用结果表明：该方法可以有效地对具有时变特性的带纯延迟的非线性系统加以辨识，辨识结果满足工程要求。     

飞机横航向模态模型的选择

评价有人驾驶飞机的操纵品质，要求将高阶飞机系统用一个动态特性等效的低阶系统来代替。由于飞机横航向等效系统比较复杂，如何选择恰当的模型进行辨识是一个很重要的问题。依照军用规范，通过对飞机横航向运动等效系统模型的建立，分析了在××飞机铁鸟台架试验过程中，在信号激励下飞机横航向运动的几种模态的运动情况，并依此模型进行辨识，得到飞机横航向模态的品质参数，取得很好的计算结果。     

一种基于神经网络补偿动态逆误差的方法

讨论了一种基于神经网络自适应补偿动态逆误差的方法，并应用于超机动飞机控制器设计中，飞机的基本控制采用非线性动态逆方法进行设计，对于模型不准确导致的逆误差采用神经网络进行在线补偿，仿真结果表明，采用神经网络补偿误差，弥补了非线性动态逆要求精确数学模型的缺点，而且可以简化动态逆控制律的设计，改善整个控制系统的性能。     

基于径向基神经网络的不确定非线性系统的鲁棒自适应控制

 针对能够采用仿射非线性表示的含有不确定动态的非线性系统 ,提出了一种鲁棒自适应控制方法 ,该方法根据离线辨识出的受控对象的已知部分 ,采用神经网络在线辨识其未知部分 ,并针对辨识得到神经网络模型采用反馈线性化方法设计出自适应控制器 ,同时引入滑模控制方法以增强控制系统的鲁棒性 ,从而实现鲁棒自适应控制。通过对具有未建模动态的非线性直升机空气动力学模型 ,设计了总距通道系统。仿真表明该方法是有效的。     

基于LuGre模型的飞机防滑刹车滑模控制研究

针对包含非线性和不确定性的飞机防滑刹车控制系统,本文提出了一种基于LuGre摩擦模型的滑模变结构控制器的设计方法.通过分析系统模型,离线构建了在不同速度和路面参数条件下系统的最优滑移率控制表,同时使用基于动态模型的观测器技术对轮胎/路面不确定的结合性能进行在线辨识.并利用指数趋近率的滑模变结构控制方法有效地抑制了系统的抖振.     

基于物理信息神经网络的飞机气动参数辨识方法

在飞机设计与研制过程中，通过气动参数辨识建立可靠的飞行动力学模型非常重要。传统的气动参数辨识工程算法，诸如极大似然法，需要给出合理的飞行动力学模型以及待辨识参数的初值。基于传统神经网络的气动参数辨识可以避免飞行动力学建模过程，这种方法需要通过增量法、导数法间接地从神经网络提取气动参数。本文提出了一种基于物理信息神经网络的飞机气动参数辨识方法，可将含待辨识参数的飞行动力学模型作为正则项加入损失函数，直接辨识得到气动参数。该方法可以显著减少建模数据需求，也能提高建模精度。飞行仿真数据验证结果表明，该方法的无噪声、含2%噪声仿真数据，纵向飞行状态空间模型辨识最大相对误差分别为1.80%、4.64%，表明了基于物理信息神经网络的飞机气动参数辨识方法具有可行性，并对含噪声的飞行数据具有泛化性。     

非线性系统在线模糊建模的快速算法

对于复杂、病态、非线性动态系统,基于模糊集合的模糊模型,利用模糊推理规则描述动态系统的特性,是一种有效方法。讨论了利用模糊方法实现非线性系统的建模方法。首先,利用在线模糊竞争学习方法划分输入变量的模糊空间,然后利用卡尔曼滤波算法辨识模糊模型的参数。仿真结果表明了该方法的实用性和有效性。     

极大似然法在飞机极曲线辨识中的应用

介绍了利用极大似然法辨识飞机极曲线的基本原理。通过仿真研究及对实测飞行试验数据的处理，表明该方法能够辨识出光滑的非线性飞机极曲线，算法具有良好的收敛性及结果的唯一性，并且可方便地推广应用于工程中其它类型的非线性曲线辨识问题。     

Optimal measurement scheduling for state estimation

We consider the problem of optimal allocation of measurement resources, when: (1) the total measurement budget and time duration of measurements are fixed, and (2) the cost of an individual measurement varies inversely with the (controllable) measurement accuracy. The objective is to determine the time-distribution of measurement variances that minimizes a measure of error in estimating a discrete-time, vector stochastic process with known auto-correlation matrix using a linear estimator. The metric of estimation error is the trace of weighted sum of estimation error covariance matrices at various time indices. We show that this problem reduces to a nonlinear optimization problem with linear equality and inequality constraints. The solution to this problem is obtained via a variation of the projected Newton method. For the special case when the vector stochastic process is the state of a linear, finite-dimensional stochastic system, the problem reduces to the solution of a nonlinear optimal control problem. In this case, the gradient and Hessian with respect to the measurement costs are obtained via the solution of a two-point boundary value problem and the resulting optimization problem is solved via a variation of the projected Newton method. The proposed method is illustrated using four examples     

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

鲁棒EKF在脉冲星导航系统中的应用

针对脉冲星导航系统的滤波问题,传统的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法存在不能克服系统模型存在不确定性参数以及乘性噪声等缺陷,提出一种鲁棒EKF算法。首先,分析了状态预测误差方程和估计误差方程,利用统计学原理,得到了状态预测方差矩阵和状态估计方差矩阵计算等式。由于系统模型存在不确定性参数,状态预测协方差矩阵和状态估计协方差矩阵无法计算;因此,利用4个重要矩阵不等式,分析并找到预测方差矩阵和状态估计方差矩阵的上界。最后,利用状态估计误差协方差矩阵上界设计状态增益矩阵,使得状态估计协方差矩阵的迹最小。将该算法对脉冲星导航系统进行仿真,仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

A practical filter error method for aerodynamic parameter estimation of aircraft in turbulence

It is common for aircraft to encounter atmospheric turbulence in flight tests. Turbulence is usually modeled as stochastic process noise in the flight dynamics equations. In this paper, parameter estimation of nonlinear dynamic system with both process and measurement noise was studied, and a practical filter error method was proposed. The linearized Kalman filter of first-order approximation was used for state estimation, in which the filter gain, along with the system parameters and the initial states, constituted the parameter vector to be estimated. The unknown parameters and measurement noise covariance were estimated alternately by a relaxation iteration method, and the sensitivities of observations to unknown parameters were calculated by finite difference approximation. Some practical aspects of the method application were discussed. The proposed filter error method was validated by the flight simulation data of a research aircraft. Then, the method was applied to the flight tests of a subscale aircraft, and the aerodynamic stability and control derivatives were estimated. All the estimation results were compared with the results of the output error method to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. It is shown that the filter error method is superior to the output error method for flight tests in atmospheric turbulence.     

Optimal sensor selection strategy for discrete-time stateestimators

A novel sensor selection strategy is introduced, which can be implemented on-line in time-varying discrete-time system. We consider a case in which several measurement subsystem are available, each of which may be used to drive a state estimation algorithm. However, due to practical implementation constraints (such as the ability of the on-board computer to process the acquired data), only one of these subsystems can actually by utilized at a measurement update. An algorithm is needed, by which the optimal measurement subsystem to be used is selected at each sensor selection epoch. The approach described is based on using the square root V-Lambda information filter as the underlying state estimation algorithm. This algorithm continuously provides its user with the spectral factors of the estimation error covariance matrix, which are used in this work as the basis for an on-line decision procedure by which the optimal measurement strategy is derived. At each sensor selection epoch, a measurement subsystem is selected, which contributes the largest amount of information along the principal state space direction associated with the largest current estimation error. A numerical example is presented, which demonstrates the performance of the new algorithm. The state estimation problem is solved for a third-order time-varying system equipped with three measurement subsystem, only one of which can be used at a measurement update. It is shown that the optimal measurement strategy algorithm enhances the estimator by substantially reducing the maximal estimation error     

Discrete-time state estimation of analog double integrators

The problem of minimum variance discrete-time state estimation of a continuous-time double integrator via noisy continuous-time measurements is considered. The error covariance matrices of this estimation are calculated and analyzed. The relations between these covariance matrices and the error covariance matrix of the optimal continuous-time filter are obtained, and a way for determining the required sampling period is proposed. A commonly used approximated model is investigated; it is shown to be inappropriate unless a specific improvement is introduced in the model     

自适应增量粒子滤波方法

提出自适应增量粒子滤波(AIPF)的概念和定义,建立AIPF模型,给出了分析方法和主要的计算步骤.对于许多实际工程(如深空探测)中存在的由未知系统误差的影响而无法精确建立量测似然函数及滤波过程中的粒子匮乏等问题,通过增量粒子滤波模型对滤波过程中的粒子数进行自适应调整,从而消除这种未知系统和滤波粒子匮乏的影响,自动调整粒子,提高非线性滤波的精度.仿真计算中,滤波误差均值和方差分别降低为原来的3.8%和19.6%.该方法有效地改善了滤波效果,计算简单,便于工程应用.      

双目视觉绳系支撑飞行器模型位姿动态测量

绳牵引并联机器人（WDPR）为风洞试验提供了一种新型支撑方式，可用于多/六自由度风洞复杂动态试验。针对该支撑下飞行器模型的大范围运动，发展了一种基于双目视觉的模型位姿动态测量方法。首先，设计了一种编码合作标志点，合理布置于模型表面，通过图像处理消除绳对标志点成像干扰，进行标志点三维重构；然后，利用绝对定姿算法求解相对位姿初值，且给出了理论误差分析，并基于双目相机重投影误差构建李代数下的无约束最小二乘优化问题，采用L-M算法进行位姿优化；最后，采用该测量系统分别进行了静态和动态精度验证试验，以及大迎角俯仰振荡等3种单/多自由度典型运动轨迹测量。试验数据显示，静态角度和位移测量精度分别优于0.02°/0.02 mm；动态测量时角度精度可达到0.1°量级，位移平均误差为0.4 mm。研究结果表明：设计的双目视觉测量系统是有效可行的，可为后续风洞试验的实际应用提供支持。     

High dynamic output feedback robust control of cascaded extended state observer

High dynamic tracking performance is a key technical index of hydraulic flight motion simulator(HFMS). However, the strong nonlinearities, various model uncertainties and measurement noise in hydraulic actuation systems limit the high dynamic performance improvement. In this paper, the outer axis frame of a HFMS is taken as a case study and its nonlinear dynamic model with consideration of strong nonlinearities, matched and mismatched uncertainties is established.A novel cascaded extended state ...     

基于相对导航的多平台INS误差联合修正方法

在机群协同编队飞行中,编队成员仅装载惯性导航系统(INS)的方式具有隐蔽、抗干扰等明显的优势,但随着航时的增加,INS误差将不断累积.使导航系统失效,为此,提出基于相对导航的多平台INS误差联合修正方法.首先,建立了编队成员相对导航运动模型及非线性观测模型,采用量测重构技术构造了伪线性观测模型并推导了观测噪声协方差矩阵...