一种准循环低密度校验码部分并行编码结构设计

为了满足在一个系统中使用多码率低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）码字的需求,设计了一个多码率准循环LDPC（QC LDPC）码编码器;按照功能,将编码器分成输入缓存单元（ISU）、生成矩阵存储单元（GMSU）、矩阵乘法运算单元（MMU）以及输出缓存单元（OSU）4个主要组成部分;通过使用多个小块存储器组合的方式设计ISU可以使无效存储空间降到最低;通过分析各种码率生成矩阵特点,将矩阵进行分割,从而将各种码率生成矩阵所需要的信息存储在若干个存储单元中;MMU用于完成信息位与矩阵的乘法与求和运算,运算单元的数目和GMSU的数目相等;OSU中包括两个存储器,采用乒乓操作,以提高编码速率。通过管脚的选择,此编码器支持0.4, 0.6以及0.8码率3种编码模式。最后用Altera公司的现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）EP1S801508C7对编码器进行了实现。结果显示此编码器仅耗费5 339个逻辑单元,占FPGA总逻辑单元的7%,耗费439 296比特的存储器资源,占FPGA总存储器资源的6%。     

双三相永磁同步发电机多目标优化设计

为实现双三相永磁同步发电机(PMSG)的低固有电压调整率、高发电效率和低成本的特性,研究了侧重于降低固有电压调整率的多目标优化设计方案。采用解析法建立单元电机磁链模型,以永磁体磁化方向长度、永磁体所跨弧长和单元电机相绕组匝数为设计变量,分析上述参数对固有电压调整率、发电效率等评价指标的影响,并提出了基于权重系数的多目标优化函数。分别用标准遗传算法(SGA)、差分进化算法(DE)和基于以上2种算法的混合遗传算法(HGA)优化设计参数并进行对比。试验结果表明,HGA优化效果与设计目标具有良好的一致性,与初始设计参数相比,优化后的电机输出能力以及稳压能力均有所改善。     

Design of Boeing 777 electric system

The electric power system for the Boeing 777 is comprised of two independent electrical systems, the main and the backup. The main electric system includes two engine-driven integrated drive generators, a generator driven by the auxiliary power unit, three generator control units, and a bus power control unit. The backup electric system includes two engine-drive generators and one integrated converter/control unit to provide the redundancy of electrical sources equivalent to a three-engine airplane. Automation of the system is achieved by the use of state-of-the-art, microprocessor-based control units that perform system control, protection, and built-in-test functions. Each control unit has redundant two-way communication through an ARINC 629 communication bus that requires significantly fewer discrete wires than similar systems, allowing considerable reduction of the interface circuits and reduction in weight     

同步发电机动态性能的数字机研究

本文采用P变换阵将同步发电机的时变动态方程,转换成所谓尸派克方程。由此建立了单台发电机的状态方程。在航空无刷交流发电机中,由于调压器的非线性作用及交流励磁机的延滞,使主同步发电机的激励函数U_F（t）可归纳为带滞后（t_E）的指数曲线(等效时间常数T_ff)。 用数字机对上述状态方程按解析法、四阶龙格库塔法、指数矩阵(e^AT)法、网络拓扑法等四种方法,分别打印出八种同步发电机动态曲线。分析了四种算法的计算精度及稳定区域,确定其应用范围,并得出一定的结论。     

用于驻点烧蚀试验的5kW等离子体发生器设计

为了研究再入大气层时,飞行器所遭受的烧蚀情况和其外壳材料的热防护作用,围绕地面模拟再入环境的小型等离子体风洞系统,从等离子体发生器的功率计算和阴极、阳极结构参数入手,设计了用于驻点烧蚀试验的5kW级别小功率等离子体发生器。采用局域热力学平衡的方法,选择工作电流分别为90A,100A,110A和120A,对等离子体发生器性能的影响进行了研究。利用实验室真空系统与电源设备,开展初步点火试验,验证了等离子体发生器的基本性能。结果表明:与仿真计算结果相比,设计状态工质下的放电电压误差为8%,点火试验测得的放电电压误差为6.25%,参数对比验证了等离子体发生器仿真模型计算可靠,设计的等离子体发生器符合预期,工作正常。     

Fuel mass penalty due to generators and fuel cells as energy source of the all-electric aircraft

The paper presents the results of an assessment of the fuel mass penalty due to generators and fuel cell systems. Based on the simulation tool SysFuel, fuel mass penalties for different mission ranges and fuel cell architectures are calculated and compared to a conventional reference architecture. Different fuel cell architectures using ram air or cabin exhaust air and different options of energy recovery are considered. As a result of the studies, target values are presented for the mass to power ratio of fuel cell systems to achieve fuel mass reductions compared to conventional generator and auxiliary power unit systems.     

基于无功相对偏差的无刷励磁发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障诊断新判据

为了寻找到在线识别无刷励磁同步发电机转子匝间短路故障的新方法,通过对同步发电机发生转子绕组匝间短路后电磁特性和电气参量的变化进行分析,根据故障发生后励磁电流增加而无功输出量却相对减少的特征,提出了利用计算和测量故障前后发电机输出无功相对变化率,作为识别无刷励磁同步发电机转子匝间短路故障严重程度的一个较为实用的方法。利用发电机动态模拟试验机组,进行了相关的试验验证。     

现代飞机交流电源系统的不中断供电技术

现代飞机上安装了大量的微处理机、计算机。由于电源之间正常转换而出现的电源短暂中断现象会对微处理机、计算机的工作产生干扰。研制不中断供电的电源系统已是刻不容缓的任务。本文讨论了电源正常转换时电源中断现象及原因。以现代大型飞机上的电源系统不中断供电技术为例,阐述消除电源中断的技术方案以及汇流条保护控制组件(BPCU),发电机控制组件(GCU)内有关不中断电源转换的逻辑。     

Assessment of converting approach to efficient design of micro-turboprop engines

The design, manufacture and experiment of a shaft power unit for converting a micro-turbojet engine to a micro-turboprop in the class of less than 20 kW with the aim of obtaining maximum shaft power were described in this study. For this purpose, a Wren100 micro-turbojet engine was used as the gas generator, and the specifications of its outflow were measured. The optimal configuration of the inter-stage diffuser, which was an annular S-type diffuser, was selected based on its small total pressure drop and outlet flow uniformity. The power turbine was a single stage axial turbine that was designed based on the fixed nozzle angle assumption without any taper or twist in its stator. The turbine rotor was a bladed disk (Blisk) in which its unique blade profiles were designed based on the Wilson method. Subsequently, the shaft power unit was completed by designing and manufacturing an exhaust complex and gearbox. Finally, the micro-turboprop engine was tested with an overloading propeller. The results show a significant increase in the extracted power, an acceptable efficiency of the power turbine, and a significant reduction in the Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) compared to other engines that use similar gas generators.     

基于单片机闭环控制信号发生器的设计与制作

在基于单片压控振荡器MAX038芯片以及闭环控制思想指导下,设计并制作了一种宽频带、高精度、高稳定性的信号发生器,并给出了系统组成及关键单元的设计。实验结果显示：该函数信号发生器能产生7Hz～1MHz的正弦波、方波及三角波等信号,波形精度高、稳定性好,与理论设计相吻合,其性能明显优于开环控制的信号发生器。     

起动发电机在中国大型客机上的应用

变频交流（AC）发电机在三级式恒频交流同步发电机的基础上发展而来，其宽的变速工作范围给发电机系统带来了新的特点，而变频交流起动发电机又是在变频交流发电机基础上进一步发展的，其运行条件及工作特性更为复杂。首先介绍变频交流发电机的结构特点，并给出其设计关键点以及变频工作对发电系统的影响；进一步针对变频交流起动发电机新增的起动功能，重点分析起动工作时励磁机的两种工作方式，并给出建议的工作方式。通过分析现有变频交流起动发电机及其起动发电系统，指出进一步提高其功率密度和效率是完全可能且必要的，从而为其在中国未来大型客机上的应用和发展提供参考与建议。     

励磁系统仿真模型校正技术研究

励磁控制系统作为同步发电机的重要组成部分,主要作用是向同步发电机的定子绕组提供一个可控的直流电流(电压),维持机端电压恒定,满足同步发电机的正常发电需要。通过发电机组控制系统模型,及时校正机组仿真模型,对异常响应进行预警排查,能够有效提高系统运行的稳定性。在MATLAB中搭建了一种以外部仿真机作为励磁调节器的单机无穷大系统仿真模型,模拟励磁系统PID主环异常以及电力系统稳定器(PSS)辅环异常时的输出,与理论值进行对比分析,能够及时确定故障原因和部位,实现故障维修。     

大圆航行轨迹发生器的设计

轨迹发生器广泛应用于惯性导航与组合导航仿真研究之中,它不仅提供实时角速率和比力值,而且还用来直观检验惯性导航或组合导航算法的正确性、优劣性和误差大小.本文基于惯性导航的基本方程,设计了用于捷联惯导的大圆航行轨迹发生器.针对误差公式推导复杂的特点,用导航仿真的方法对其输出的角速率和比力进行了精度估计,验证了设计的正确性.     

发烟机动力装置的试验研究

简要介绍了发烟机及其动力装置,研究并改进了ＷＱＪ－１型小型航空发动机,使之成为满足发烟要求的动力装置。确定了该发动机在新状态下的参数及结构,进行了发烟机的雾油发烟实验,得到了雾油发烟对发动机的影响及影响程度。实验结果表明：将ＷＱＪ－１型小发动机改为发烟机动力装置是可行的。对发烟机的型号研制和扩展小型航空发动机的使用范围有积极促进作用。     

Excitation control of a synchronous generator using a lookup table

A scheme involving the use of a lookup table is developed for the excitation control of a synchronous generator. The proposed control scheme, generator speed deviation, and acceleration deviation are taken as the input signals. These input signals are sampled and converted to linguistic terms before they are fed into the controller. The controller generates the desired output (control) signal by using a set of production rules (if-then rules) that are based on previous experience to relate the input signals to the output. The output signal is converted from linguistic terms to a numerical value before it is sent to the excitation system of the synchronous machine. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, digital simulations of a synchronous generator subject to a three-phase fault under different operating conditions were performed. It was found that the controller can improve the dynamic performance of a synchronous generator over a wide range of operating conditions. Since the controller does not require model identification, it is computationally efficient and is suitable for online excitation control, using a microcomputer     

Design of a modern pitch pointing control system

The development of a pitch pointing control system for an advanced high performance fighter aircraft using eigenstructure assignment and command generator tracking schemes is presented. A desired eigenstructure is first chosen to achieve a desired decoupling (i.e., pitch attitude and flight path angle), and to obtain a desired damping and rise time. The command generator tracker is next used to ensure zero steady-state error-to-step commands. The stability robustness to the parameter variations of the closed-loop system is evaluated in the sense of the conditioning of the achieved eigenstructure by using singular value analysis technique. The analysis and synthesis techniques for the pitch pointing control system are illustrated by applying the techniques to F-15 aircraft as a part of the NASA/USAF program named ACTIVE (Advanced Controls for integrated Vehicles)     

民用飞机RAT发电机自然结冰环境飞行试验研究

为了检验某型飞机RAT发电机在自然结冰环境下能否正常释放和供电,对该RAT发电机自然结冰试飞进行研究。首先,阐述RAT发电机进行自然结冰试飞的原因、目的以及民用航空标准对自然结冰环境的要求;其次,介绍RAT发电机自然结冰的试飞方法;最后,对试飞结果进行分析。结果表明:RAT发电机自然结冰环境条件满足适航规章要求,能够在可预期的自然结冰环境下实现手动释放功能且供电功能正常。     

基于数值涡流发生器双S型进气道被动流动控制装置参数优化

采用数值涡流发生器代替真实涡流发生器叶片进行双S型进气道流动控制数值模拟,结合实验设计理论分析了27组涡流发生器应用于进气道流动控制计算结果,从中找出控制装置参数变化对进气道总压恢复、流场畸变的不同影响,应用响应面法给出最佳参数组合,为双S型进气道被动流动控制装置参数优化提供技术参考.     

Linear time-varying eigenstructure assignment with flight control application

This work is concerned with the assignment of a desired PD-eigenstructure for linear time-varying systems. Despite its well-known limitations, gain scheduling control appeared to be a focus of the research efforts. Scheduling of frozen-time, frozen-state controllers for fast time-varying dynamics is known to be mathematically fallacious, and practically hazardous. Therefore, recent research efforts are being directed towards applying time-varying controllers. In this paper we: 1) introduce a differential algebraic eigenvalue theory for linear time-varying systems; and 2) propose a PD-eigenstructure assignment scheme via a differential Sylvester equation and a command generator tracker (CGT) for linear time-varying systems. The PD-eigenstructure assignment is utilized as a regulator. A feedforward gain for tracking control is computed by using the command generator tracker. The whole design procedures of the proposed PD-eigenstructure assignment scheme are systematic in nature. The scheme could be used to determine the stability of linear time-varying systems easily as well as to provide a new horizon of designing controllers for the linear time-varying systems. A missile flight control application is presented to validate the proposed schemes.     

Configuration synthesis of planar folded and common overconstrained spatial rectangular pyramid deployable truss units

Compared with non-overconstrained deployable units, overconstrained deployable units are widely used in space missions for their higher stiffness characteristics. Besides the performance of a three-step topological structural analysis and design of the rectangular pyramid deployable truss unit(PDTU), conducting a structural synthesis of an overconstrained deployable unit requires the determination of the relative position and direction of each kinematic axis. The structural synthesis of an overconstrained deployable unit is investigated based on screw theory and its topological structure. The possible overconstrained cases of the rectangular PDTUs are analyzed, and corresponding screw expressions are obtained. Thus, the rectangular PDTUs, which can be folded into a plane, are synthesized systemically, and a series of overconstrained rectangular PDTUs is obtained. Furthermore, the feasibility of the folded and deployed motions under one degree of freedom for those deployable units is verified in dynamical simulation by using ADAMS 2010.